The Comprehension of Dreams
Julia Humphrey
University of Wisconsin- Eau Claire
Abstract
Dreams are conventionally known as mental experiences during REM sleep and are very realistic for individuals while dreaming, making up an “imaginary world” subconsciously. Theorists such as Sigmund Freud, Rosalind Cartwright, J. Allan Hobson, and Michelle Carr all study different aspects of dreams and even create theories regarding them. As said before, dreams most commonly take place in the REM stage of sleep, but are also capable of occurring in other stages too. Results from these studies show that dreams are not always retained, making it hard to understand them fully.
After a friend told me about some weird dreams he had been having I decided to research the meaning of dreams. I will focus on Sigmund Freud’s idea that understanding our dreams can help us to understand ourselves, and live a much happier and fulfilled life. Freud was known as “the father of psychoanalysis” and in 1899 he wrote his most famous work, The Interpretation of Dreams, and switched his main focus to analyzing dreams. Sigmund Freud was very aware of the importance of our dreams, and always referred to them as a “royal road” to interpreting the unconscious state of mind. He considered dreams to be a window into our unconscious. He believed “dreams as manifestations of our deepest desires and anxieties often relating to repressed childhood memories or obsessions”
Throughout history, numerous people have studied the human body and its many functions. One area of the body that causes much confusion and controversy is the mind. Many parts of the brain baffle scientists, but a specific aspect of the mind that is fascinating and puzzling is dreams and their functions. It is surprising that an average person dreams for at least six years of their life, but scientists still do not know the role of dreaming (Shaw). Several theories have been presented to provide a reason for dreaming, and attempt to explain what most do not understand. Although dream research has been prominent lately, no agreement has been reached on which theory is correct on the purpose of dreams. Some believe that dreams are only simulations created by the sleeping mind with no actual purpose, but others believe that dreams are psychologically important.
Over the two weeks in which we logged our dreams and sleep schedules, I made some very interesting discoveries and self-revelations. Many of these ideas come from related symbols each dream share. Before we can start to dismantle these dreams, their relations to one another and myself, allow me to tell you about each one.
Unconcious Dreaming
There are many facts that are unknown about the mind. For centuries, philosophers and scientists have tried to understand how it works. We have learned that the mind has a number of different levels of processing. Before Sigmund Freud “nearly all the previous research and theorizing of psychologists had dealt with conscious, such as perception, memory, judgment, and learning“ (Hunt185). Freud brought forth a number of theories that dealt with “the unconscious and its crucial role in human behavior”(Hunt 185).
The word dream has many meanings most people know dreams as events that play in people's minds that occur during sleep. The American Heritage® Stedman's Medical Dictionary describes it as, “A series of images, ideas, emotions, and sensations occurring involuntarily in the mind during certain stages of sleep.” In the ancient times, many civilizations thought of dreams as omens of the future, while others believed that their soul would travel (Rathus 158). Dreams are like movies they range in characters, the impossible can happen, and sometimes they are in black and white or seem to be in slow motion. Dreams occur mostly during the REM (rapid eye movement) stage of sleep. During this stag...
One dynamic of Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytical practice of study is dreams and the implicit meanings they may hold. He even wrote a book on this fascination called, The Interpretation of Dreams, where he strategically dissected each of the mind’s processes while in the resting state, that are commonly referred to as dreams (Cervone & Pervin, 2013). He distinctively linked dreams with workings by the unconscious mind, which is the deepest level of thinking, where it possesses thoughts and processes that the individual may not even be aware of their existence. Sometimes these containments can be accessed, but not usually, only in special circumstances like hypnosis. The unconscious is also significant because it contains symbols, which may be
DREAMS
Theories attempting to explain the origin and functions of REM sleep include: (1) that
REM sleep provides stimulation for the development of the brain; (2) that it performs a chemical
restoration function, since during REM dreaming neuro-protein synthesis occurs along with the
restoration of other depleted brain chemicals; (3) that it provides oculomotor (eye movement)
coordination, since during non-REM sleep the eyes move independently of each other; (4) that it
provides a vigilance function, since REM sleep (stage I) is characterized by a level of
consciousness close to the awakened state; (5) in a more recent and controversial theory, REM
dreaming performs a neurological erasure function, eliminating extraneous information build-up in
the memory system; and (6) that, in a more cognitive psychological explanation, REM dreaming
enhances memory storage and reorganization.
Contrary to popular belief, dreaming is not caused by eating certain foods before
bedtime, nor by environmental stimuli during sleeping. Dreaming is caused by internal biological
process.
The Process of Dreams
Some desire, while others remember. History, sleep cycle, and nightmares all come together to make the mystical vision called dreams. Did you ever wonder why we dream? Why do we always have that one same dream?
Psychology: Dreams and Dreaming
Dreams, a nightly gift and a part of the natural process of being alive,
are being rediscovered by our publisher. The meaning and value of your dreams
will vary according to what you and your society decide. Our society is
changing. We used to only value dreams in the context of psychotherapy. There
are also a few assumptions about dreams.