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Can culture contribute to the personality development of an individual
Biological influences on personality
Biological influences on personality
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When examining how culture affects one 's opinions on matters, you would first have to determine how culture affects personality. Because it is personality and culture that shapes views. This topic is highly controversial and is continuously being debated between researchers in both the Psychological and Scientific fields. In Cultural Influences on Personality by Harry Triandis and Eunkook Suh (2002) they took an intermediate view between a well known cultural study by Shweder (1993) and a biologically based personality study by McCrae and his colleagues. (McCrae 2000, McCrae et al. 2000) According to Shweder (1993), ”individual differences in conduct are narrowly context dependent and do not generalize across context.”; “Thus, global traits …show more content…
Among the most important of the latter are cultural influences. Culture is transmitted through language and the modeling of behavior when conditions permit humans to communicate through shared language, by living in the same historic period, and when they are sufficiently proximal to influence each other. The overarching model of cultural influences on personality that we have adopted in this chapter is that though biological factors have an important role in shaping personality, they do not account for most of the variance. Ecology, among other factors, shapes the culture, which in turn shapes the socialization patterns, which shape some of the variance of personality” …show more content…
It becomes even more complex when we review how personality and culture are shaped and affected. In summary the Colombian’s use of donkeys and farming may have greatly affected their culture by putting a high value on the animal. Next, the socialization patterns involved an intimacy with donkeys that could only be justified by ill-informed doctors and Cartagena elders. Finally, the personality of an average citizen in Cartagena is very accepting of bestiality. The influence of the Catholic church, and its position on premarital sex plays a role in the continuation of this ideology. In conclusion the customs of Cartagena, Colombia makes many think about sex in a much different way than the United
Eleanor Roosevelt once said, “Great minds discuss ideas; average minds discuss events; small minds discuss people.” Personality is characterized by many dimensions of a person’s overall being. The belief that personality stems from one origin is small minded and on many levels, unsupported. If the scope of personality is expanded, it suggests that there is not a single explanation determining a person’s personality and how it is formed. Personality Theories have been generated for centuries by individuals who desire to identify what distinguishes a person’s personality and how it affects their behaviors. What is it that comprises all the unique characteristics about a person?
A layman would define personality as an individual’s characteristics in terms of how they think and behave. Many theorists, however, interprets personality differently resulting in various personality theories. Personality is determined by traits which are behaviours displayed by a person in most given situations. How a person reacts to common circumstances may also be used to foresee future behaviours. Traits are then categorized into types that allow easier comparisons to be made between each individual’s attributes. The focus of this paper would be on the biological aspects of personality whereby traits are thought to be inheritable through genetics and associated with the central nervous system. Behavioural genetics are research that makes use of results from studies done on family, twins and adoptions. The findings of how both genes and environment influences personality from the studies will be discussed. Some researchers found possible issues with the representativeness of such studies. The outline of Eysenck’s biological model of personality and arousal, Gray’s BAS/BIS theory and Cloninger’s biological model of personality will further explain the biological effect on personality.
Culture sometimes informs the way one views the others and the world in our everyday lives. Some say your culture shapes you as who you are but others say that it’s the experiences you’ve had. Whenever I hear the question “To what extent does one’s Culture inform the way one views others and the world?” I think of two different things. I think of the differences between people, an example being people who have homes and the homeless. They have different point of views because they are in drastically different situations. So I do agree with it may have to deal with experiences, but then I also think about racism and racial judgement, etc. Thats where the Culture comes into play and then with that information I stand in the middle. Its both,
Personality is patterns of thinking, behavior and emotional responses that make up individuality over time. Psychologist attempt to understand how personality develops and its impact on how we behave. Several theories attempt to explain personality, using different approaches. The social-cognitive and humanistic approaches are two of many theories that attempt to explain personality. This essay will identify the main concepts of social-cognitive and humanistic approach, identify perspective differences and discuss approach limitations.
McCrae, R. R., & Allik, I. U. (2002). The five-factor model of personality across cultures. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers.
...h/where you grew up. There are personal views affected by culture, such as views on relationships. For example, some people believe in arranged marriages and look down on casual relationships while these laid back relationships are considered normal for someone else. It is believed that the effect culture has is dependent on the “magnitude of the parent’s cultural identification” (Shim 92-27).
Personality can be defined as an individual’s characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling and acting. Many personality theorists have put forward claims as to where personality is derived from and how it develops throughout an individual’s life. The two main personality theories this essay will be focusing on is the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) (Bandura, 1986) and the Trait Theory – Five Factor Theory (FFT) (McCrae and Costa, 1995). The SCT allocates a central role to cognitive, observational learning and self-regulatory processes (Bandura, 1986). An individual’s personality develops through experiences with their sociocultural environment. Whereas the Trait Theory proposes that all individuals are predisposed with five traits (Extraversion, Openness, Conscientiousness, Agreeableness and Neuroticism) which determines our personality. This theory also puts forward that personality is stable and cannot change as it’s biologically determined.
...theories of nature and nurture as a precursor of personality may enable an individual to obtain a clear perspective of its evolution. However, in the study of personality, it is very important to understand the different theoretical approaches within its realm. It is important for the same reason that not one person is the same and neither are personalities; and for the very same reason why personality theorist’ differ when describing the concept and nature of humanity.
The Center for Advanced Research on Language Acquisition defines Culture as the “shared patterns of behaviors and interactions, cognitive constructs, and affective understanding that are learned through a process of socialization. These shared patterns identify the members of a culture group while also distinguishing those of another group.” (Center for Advanced Research on Language Acquisition)
The Role of Culture in Shaping us as Individuals Culture has a big impact on how we all fit in as individuals in today’s society, and since this assignment is about that I decided to include some of my own experiences to illustrate my point of view and compare it with those of my classmates and some of the readings. My family and I moved to United States in 1998 from Albania. My parents believed that I and my sister would get a better education here and also it would be useful and interesting to learn another language and its culture.
One way culture affects one痴 personality is how we perceive the world and the way one perceives them self. Some culture-specific characteristics link together cultural conditions such as complexity, tightness, individualism, and collectivism. This brings us to individualism and collectivism.
It can also affect how they perceive themselves, who they call friend, their behavior, and social connections between family, friends, and peers. A child learns everything that they can know first by the ways of their home life and the relationships built from their parents. They learn what is socially right from what (morals/ethics) and carry that idea with them into adolescence. Culture is learned and socially shared and can affect all aspects of an individuals life. Social responsibilities, sexual expression, and belief system development are all things that will vary based on culture. The way a child dress, where they work, how they speak can all be affected by youth culture. Without a particular culture, a child cannot have a belief system to believe in and teach them right from wrong (Sawnson, 2010). For example: Jamaican families teach children to grow up independent and strong however in a Japanese family, they may tend to raise their children on pride. So Jamaican and Japanese families may culturally be seen as egotistical meanwhile they may look at some other culture and think they are too timid. It can breed a sense of cultural confusion as well. Adolescence from a culture that is not well mainstreamed may find it hard to figure out their
The Biological approach to personality places emphasis on the genetic influences related to the development of an individual’s personality. Some may believe that children and their parents can have very similar personalities, for example a young boy having his father’s anger (Stelmack, 1990). Though this approach has often been questioned by psychologists, it is not disregarded all together. Some believe that genetics do have a role in an individual’s personality development; however environments, as well as personal experiences all work in forming personality.
Personality is the expression of a person’s traits according to ones feelings, mentality and behavior. It involves understanding individuals’ traits such as withdrawal and willpower and how various parts of an individual link together to form personality. Personality expresses itself from within an individual and is comparatively regular throughout in an individual’s life. Different people have different personalities dependent on factors such as environment and genetic composition. Our personality is dependent on the success or failure of our development in the eight stages of life. This is proposed by Erik Erikson. Success in the development stages lead to virtues while the failure leads to malignancies.
For example, personality can help explain why people from the same culture behave differently in the same condition. According to Carver (2010), “extraverts are less cooperative than introverts when facing a social dilemma over resources” (p. 761). People from collectivistic cultures with interdependent self-construal tend to have more cooperative behaviors, but someone who is extraverted from a collectivistic culture might be less cooperative when competing for personal gains compared to other people in the collectivistic culture. Another example is that people with interdependent self-construal are more likely to be agreeable than people with independent self-construal because people with interdependent self-construal are motivated to maintain social harmony; therefore they are more likely to present themselves as agreeable in order to maintain their relationships with other people. However, someone who has a interdependent self-construal, but a low level of agreeableness might not necessarily behave in a cooperative way or show agreeableness to other people’s idea. When predicting someone else behaviors, it is important to keep in mind that individual differences such as personality can also influence one’s behaviors. However, Hofstede and McCrae (2004) found a correlation between personality and cultural values (as