Concepts of Lifetime Fitness
Homeostasis is the state of equilibrium in which the internal environment of the
human body remains relatively constant. Two excellent examples of homeostasis
are how the body maintains a constant temperature and blood pressure during
strenuous physical activity or exercise. Although there are many other
activities in the body that display homeostasis, I will only discuss these two.
Temperature in the human body is usually kept at approximately 37 degrees
Celsius. To maintain such a strict temperature, the body has a few functions to
combat the outside elements. People cannot make themselves cold as readily as
make themselves hot, however I will mention both homeostasis functions. When
the external temperature decreases, a portion of the brain called the
hypothalamus detects the drop by means of the blood. To compensate, the brain
sends chemical and electrical impulses to the muscles. These impulses tell the
muscles to begin to contract and relax at very high intervals. This is commonly
known as shivering. The production of Adenosine Triphosphate or ATP in the
mitochondria of the muscles produces heat. If the body temperature does not
rise immediately after this, then a second function begins. The brain will
signal the blood vessels near the skin to constrict or narrow in diameter. This
occurs so the heat deep in the muscles is conserved. Since the vessels are now
smaller in diameter, less blood is needed to fill them. Since less blood is
needed through the vessels, the heart begins to slow. If the body remains in
this slowed state, hypothermia could result. Hypothermia is the condition in
which metabolic processes are inhibited. The medical world has taken advantage
of this by inducing hypothermia in patients that are undergoing organ
transplants.
To fight temperatures higher than normal, as in exercise or on hot days, the
body reacts in the opposite way than with cold. Again, the hypothalamus detects
the change of temperature in the blood. The brain signals blood vessels not to
constrict, but to dilate. This increases the diameter of the vessels, and
results in the need for more blood. Since more blood is needed to fill the
vessels, the heart pumps faster and that causes respiration to increase. The
increased respiration will make the body exhale some of the internal heat, like
placing a fan in a window to cool a room. The blood vessels are dilated so the
heat deep in the muscles is easily released. Another commonly known mechanism
to fight heat is sweating. Sweat glands found throughout the body are
stimulated by the hypothalamus to excrete sweat and when the sweat evaporates,
Every day we use our skeletal muscle to do simple task and without skeletal muscles, we will not be able to do anything. Szent-Gyorgyi (2011) muscle tissue contraction in rabbit’s muscles and discovered that ATP is a source for muscle contraction and not ADP. He proposed a mechanism to cellular respiration and was later used by Sir Hans Krebs to investigate the steps to glucose catabolism to make ATP. In this paper, I will be discussing the structure of muscle fibers and skeletal muscles, muscle contraction, biomechanics, and how glucose and fat are metabolized in the skeletal muscles.
This also caused an increase in demand of oxygen to the cardiac muscle so it’s not a good thing (Ignatavicius &Workman, 2013, p. 747).
Regulation- Blood vessels help maintain a stable body temperature by controlling the blood flow to the surface of the skin (Terfera, David, and Jegtvi)
When a red blood cell is placed in hypertonic (very concentrated) solution of NaCl sodium ions may enter the cell, but are pumped out by the Na/K-ATPase pump. In addition, water leaves the cell, and the cell shrinks, because the concentration of solutes is greater outside the cell than inside it.
It what makes muscles feel somewhat firm while at rest. The purpose of muscle tone is to keep the muscles primed and ready to use. This functions allows for quick reflexes and the partial contraction, which is always in an active state, maintains balance and posture. Muscle tone keeps the muscles healthy and generates heat. “If the nerve to a particular muscle is damaged, it may no longer be able to stimulate the muscle contractions necessary to maintain muscle tone and the muscle will become flaccid and eventually it will deteriorate”(2). The tone of such muscles is not defined by matching against the muscles that are resisting, but the passive state that exhibits enervation without
The extra heat produced during metabolic exchange, raises the body temperature again affecting the enzymes and heat is then removed by sweating. If the body isn’t kept hydrated during exercise, dehydration will occur, causing the blood to become concentrated. When the blood becomes concentrated, the cells no longer have enough water to function.
For my reflection paper I chose to write about chapter 9 that talks about lifespan development. This chapter grabbed my attention and I found it most interesting. In the textbookit discusses how there are certain factors that uncontrollably make us who we are. Those factorsare "unique combination of genes you inherited from your biological mother and father. Another is the historical era during which you grew up. Your individual development has also been shaped by the cultural, social, and family contexts within which you were raised." (Pg.352) The patterns of our lives are because of developmental psychology. "Developmental psychology is a scientific approach which aims to explain growth, change and consistency though the lifespan. Developmental
...sponse to nerve impulses, hormones and other local factors. These muscle fibers can also stretch considerably and still maintain their contractile function.
1. Discuss gender (not physical) differences between boys and girls. Discuss how parents, teachers, etc. treat children differently based on their gender. Be sure to give personal examples in your discussion.
Longevity is a foreign word when it comes to the love lives of young socialites. Family obligations, careers, and scandals often get in the way of long lasting relationships. It is almost a rule. The good thing for Olivia Palermo and Johannes Huebl is that every rule has at least one exception. They met in St. Bart’s in 2008 and have been going strong every since. The location became so special that they return there every year, and even became the spot of a very important part of their relationship. More on that in a little bit.
•While exercising your lungs tries to increase the intake of oxygen as well as release the carbon dioxide.
Life longevity, a controversial subject that everyone has been trying to figure out. A subject that has most of the American society obsessed with the idea that we are capable of living many more decades and the other half of society feeling that it’s a bad idea for the society. When it comes to the findings of life longevity there's still not a certain answer to what causes it, as of now there's only assumptions. This research has been going on throughout many years and has been one of the hardest research to crack down. Not even the centenarians knew what was the secret that kept them living such a long life, many would say it was elixirs that they took, others believed there
Martini, Nath, Bartholomew. (2012). Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology Ninth Edition. In N. B. Martini, Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology Ninth Edition (pp. Chapter 25; 917-952). San Francisco: Pearson Education.
when a very fit person may take a long time to work into hard pumping.
in soft tissue mobilization pressure.” Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. April 1999: 531-5.