1. Provide the citation of the article in APA format at the top of your paper
MARTIN, B. S. (2012). A Stranger 's Touch: Effects of Accidental Interpersonal Touch on Consumer Evaluations and Shopping Time. Journal of Consumer Research, 39(1), 174-184.
2. Write an introduction paragraph summarizing the review of the literature.
This article explores the customer 's responds to being accidental touched verses not being touch by a stranger. Being touch by a stranger in a store can affect the customer 's willingness to pay and time spent in the store. After customers are touched by a stranger they will walk to a different part or may leave the store. Different genders may have different response to the stranger being male or female. Some customers that are accidental touch may have a negative evaluation on the store.
Introduction Questions
3. Identify the theoretical basis for the paper, the IV, DV, and hypothesis.
(IV) The
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Were the conclusions valid? Do you agree with the conclusions? Why or why not?
I feel the conclusion is valid and I agree with the conclusion because the accidental interpersonal touch influences the evaluations and in store shopping time. And the effects are very strong for both males and females when they are touched by a male stranger.
15. Identify two or three new ideas that emerge from this research
A study for future research on whether a customer uses the emotions of the accidental interpersonal touch to determine if they actually like the product they were interested in while shopping.
Also to do more research as to why males get offended if another male accidental touch them more than female. Males do not want to be perceived as homosexual and will do anything to avoid the behavior. Research will help to understand the male response to same sex accidental interpersonal touch. Conclusion Paragraph
16. Write a conclusion paragraph that briefly tells the reader what you wrote about in your essay and your overall
H1 - There is a statistically significant difference in touching behaviour between male and female couples when observed in social situation.
Consumers don't even realize how heavily their decision making process is influenced by nonverbal communication
In “High-Tech Tools Help Stores—and Shoppers”, Givens writes, “The more store owners know about their customers’ behavior, the better they can make the shopping experience. They can improve displays, showcase popular merchandise,
According to authors Danielle J Dolin and Melanie Booth-Butterfield (1993)in their article, "Reach Out and Touch Someone: Analysis of Nonverbal Comforting", they report that in today’s society many people live in distress and look for the comfort and support of touch from their closest relationships. Their study extended research on comforting strategies with the use of haptics and showed a positive correlation between the two (Dolin & Booth-Butterfield, 1993). Using Ninety-three students as participants, nonverbal comforting responses to a hypothetical scenario were collected (1993).Serving as the dependant variable, the use of an appropriate scenario where comforting responses could be used, including haptics, was the study(1993). The data reported that a mean of 3.5 units, or comforting responses, were used by each person(1993). Two of Dolin's and Booth-Butterfield's(1993) hypothesis predicted correctly. The study (1993) depicted the following:
For questions one and two, our experience of feeling welcome at Shopko and Target were not meet, unlike at Wal-Mart. When we walked into Wal-Mart, they have an associate greet very body with a smile, whereas Shopko and Target did not have a greeter. While this greeter was exceptional, the rest of the associate did not acknowledge our presence, this was similar at Shopko and Target. Therefore, while Wal-Mart received a five for first impression with a greeter compared to Shopko and Target, they received the same poor ranking in question two dealing with additional sale associates interaction with the
Anthropologists study customers’ shopping behavior to put together a pattern of how people shop, and from that, they arrange the items to fit the customer’s interest. The surveillance cameras, tracking devices show every move the customers make and show the retailers where, how they should put their product. It is really easy for the retailer to build the relationship with their customers by knowing what their customers’ need and desire. Importantly, it is all about making people feel comfortable in liking the place, and they will likely come back. According to the book “Why We Buy the Science of Shopping”, written by Paco Underhill, people don’t like to be brushed or touched from behind.
There are a variety of factors to be considered in reference to this topic, including understanding the basic definitions of the customer experience, defining the difference in low-service and high-service stores, and determining the effects of these experience aspects on consumer choice. Ultimately, it is critical to determine whether this aspect of retail operations, the customer experience, has an overall effect on profitability or is just an operational decision that provides a competitive advantage over those who sell greater amounts of lower priced products, with little to no effect on
Impressions, especially first impressions, can make all the difference to how our customers and clients interact with us. This is why some organisations hire secret shoppers, to gain feedback on their customers experience of dealing with them. Their findings help them to keep their fingers on the pulse, keep a focus on what's really important, provide guidance as
In present day to day life, kids play a vital role in the purchase behaviour of the family. This paper focuses on the effects of retail communication on the purchase decision of children. The various factors which influence child’s behaviour have been studied. The methodology adopted includes thorough observation of a kid from entry to exit in the store followed by a personal interview of the accompanying person. Further, the kid’s interaction with the accompanying person has been studied and his/her evaluation of the request is noted. After analysing the complete behaviour, a framework has been proposed which depicts the complete process and the various factors which influences child’s behaviour in the store.
In the low-involvement purchases, consumer’s behaviors switch constantly variety alternatives; so free samples, special coupons, deals, sales/price promotions or brand familiarity and promotion with convenience are solutions for this type of purchases. In the contrast, the high-involvement purchases requires consumers considering complex decision making and evaluation both pre-purchase and
3. The conclusion starts with a summary of the specific points of your essay, followed by a restatement of your
I have learned many things throughout the course of the term, including such things as: how to write an essay and how to improve on essays that I have already written, how to locate and composite better research through the use of numerous resources found at the campus library, the internet, and the “Common Sense” textbook, how to cite research, examples, and quotations properly within the contents of my research paper as well as document it accurately according to MLA standards. Through the exploration of the “Subjects and Strategies” textbook, I have learned nine different methods used when writing an effective essay and how the different writing styles affect the overall theme and tone of the essay when used properly. This past semester, I have encountered many difficulties when trying to write these essays, but through the use of the textbooks, the aide of the instructor, and once I was able to classify the different types of essays and styles, I found them possible to overcome.
When most people make the decision to purchase a product, they take certain factors into consideration. The importance of and number of these factors impact how much thought is put into buying a particular product. This “thought” is called involvement. Involvement is the relevance or importance that a product, service, or occasion has to a person. Every time a person buys something at the store, there is a degree of involvement that he or she will use to contemplate. This degree can range from low involvement to high involvement. For myself, an example of a low involvement purchase would be body wash that I bought from Asda and a high involvement purchase would be my cell phone.
2012). It is clear that many retailers believe that the odor and smell can have a positive impact on customer behavior (Bone and Ellen, 1999). Smell is the most important sense for making purchase decision and brand loyalty of consumers (Harrop 2007). When consumers enter a shop, they are automatically drawn to the area of the store where there is a pleasant scent coming from. For eg; Major retailers ‘Lush’, individuals of the market even though they may not usually purchase from the store, feel more persuaded to go into the store and browse, which may lead to purchasing, more so than they would with aroma free stores. Marketers use this tactic of stimulating the smell sense of consumers in order to persuade them to purchase their products. The smell of a product may influence consumers decision on whether or not to purchase a product. For example a beauty product which looks appealing but may not smell appealing to the customer will effect their decision on buying
Aesthetic pleasure may be a highlight of the first impression on a commodity, and can attract them to acquire the good in impulse. Appearance is the first information about a commodity possessed by users, so a customer would prefer a good-looking merchandise more. Studies have found that visual properties affect the consumer’s choice in the ways of attention drawing, symbolization, categorization, etc. which determine shoppers’ first impression (Creusen & Schoormans, 2005). For quantitative data, some studies found that about a quarter of perceived product’s functional values are derived from a product’s appearance