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Causes and effects of the arab spring
Causes and effects of the arab spring
The causes and effects of the Arab spring
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By Fire: Writings on the Arab Spring by Tahar Ben Jelloun is a book about the injustices that took place in the Middle East and North African (MENA) region before and during the Arab Spring revolt. Ben Jelloun entirety of his work is written in French, although his first language is Arabic. Today he lives in Paris and continues to write. He has been short-listed for the Nobel Prize in Literature. Translated by Rita Nezami from French to English and published in 2016 by Northwestern University Press, the book is composed of three parts: the translator’s introduction, a nonfiction piece, “The Spark,” and a novella, “By Fire”. By Fire, the first fictional account published on the Arab Spring, reimagines the true-life self-immolation of Mohamed …show more content…
Throughout the story, Mohamed faces situations that reflect back to the corrupt environment he is surrounded while still upholding an honest living. The only fruit supplier Mohamed knew was Bouchaïb who is a crass and dishonest man. Bouchaïb tries to bribe Mohamed to give his sister, who is only seventeen, to him as a wife. However the thought of handing his sister away to such a dishonest man disgusted Mohamed. His thought was, “At dinner that night, he looked at his younger sister and imagined her in Bouchaïb’s arms. He felt ashamed. A young and innocent girl in the hands of such a brute. Never.”(#). Ben Joulloun uses pathos to invoke sympathy from the audience toward Mohamed and his sister. Regardless of the type of person Bouchaïb is, Mohamed needs to work with him in order to provide for his family. Mohammed tolerates the lies and leaves without saying a word. If he chooses to speak out at such a request, there will be a chance he will destroy his only means to provide for his family and so his silently tolerates this deceitful man. Finally, Mohammed ends up selling up his own possessions to come up with money so he could afford fruit to
The Middle East has since time immemorial been on the global scope because of its explosive disposition. The Arab Israeli conflict has not been an exception as it has stood out to be one of the major endless conflicts not only in the region but also in the world. Its impact continues to be felt all over the world while a satisfying solution still remains intangible. A lot has also been said and written on the conflict, both factual and fallacious with some allegations being obviously evocative. All these allegations offer an array of disparate views on the conflict. This essay presents an overview of some of the major literature on the controversial conflict by offering precise and clear insights into the cause, nature, evolution and future of the Israel Arab conflict.
In 2010 the Middle East experienced a disturbing series of protests and riots against the government. The term Arab Spring was coined as an allusion for the 1848 revolutions that rocked the Arab world. This devastating revolution saw its inception in a chain of small scale protests for the democratization of the Arabian governments. With its start in Egypt and Tunisia it has not failed in affecting every Arab country from Libya, Sudan and Morocco in the West to Yemen and Saudi Arabia in the East. A branch of the same revolution has successfully managed to become the cause for a civil war outbreak in Syria and even stretched its influence outside the Arab world to affect Iran and Mali.
During the Israeli War of Independence in 1948 an Arab refugee crisis began, and there is still not a clear answer of what caused it. As inhabitants of Israel Arabs were greatly affected by the establishment of a Jewish State, because their home was governed by others. Nonetheless, the Palestinian Arabs contributed in the making of the refugee crisis. The Arabs were given the choice of becoming equal citizens of Israel and refused. The United Nations came up with Partition Plan for Palestine, but it was rejected. Therefore, instead of having their own country the Arabs fled to neighboring Arab countries to avoid the crossfire of impending war. Arabs were thrown out of their homes by the Haganah (pre-state army), and placed
The authoritarian regimes of the Middles cycled through a pattern of anti-western policy until the globalization effects of economics and information demanded reform. As conservative Arab states try to maintain the autocracy they relied on after gaining independence, their citizens, affected by information and education expansion, challenge their resistant governments as typified by Syria’s unwillingness to capitulate. The proliferation of information and education underscored the protest movements of the Arab Spring because citizens’ contempt for their obstinate governments grew to large under economic pressures, as the current situation in Syria demonstrates.
John F. Kennedy once said, “Those who make peaceful revolution impossible will make violent revolution inevitable (Good Reads, 2014).” This wise quote sums up the Libyan conflict perfectly. The people of Libya peacefully protested against the Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi who violently retaliated and this led to what the world now refers to as the Libyan conflict. This conflict was one of the many that were apart of the chain of uprisings that spread across the Middle East by civilians trying to gain freedom from their governments. These uprisings were known as the Arab Spring. The Arab Spring started in Tunisia when a man set himself on fire in front of a government building in protest to the actions of a policewoman toward him . Egypt, Syria, Yemen, and other nations such as Algeria, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Morocco and Oman all had uprisings and protests related to the Arab Spring. The Libyan conflict started in February of 2011 as a result of the brutal rule of Gaddafi toward his people. The violence that the Gaddafi government was committing toward the Libyan people made the world turn against the government. Due to the fact that the rebels were out-gunned and unorganized, the support of the UN Security Council greatly helped them. After eight months of fighting and approximately 25,000 lives lost, Gaddafi was captured and killed and Libya was officially liberated from the absolute dictatorship of Muammar Gaddafi.
“Araby” tells the story of a young boy who romanticizes over his friend’s older sister. He spends a lot of time admiring the girl from a distance. When the girl finally talks to him, she reveals she cannot go to the bazaar taking place that weekend, he sees it as a chance to impress her. He tells her that he is going and will buy her something. The boy becomes overwhelmed by the opportunity to perform this chivalrous act for her, surely allowing him to win the affections of the girl. The night of the bazaar, he is forced to wait for his drunken uncle to return home to give him money to go. Unfortunately, this causes the boy to arrive at the bazaar as it is closing. Of the stalls that remained open, he visited one where the owner, and English woman, “seemed to have spoken to me out of a sense of duty” (Joyce 89) and he knows he will not be able to buy anything for her. He decides to just go home, realizing he is “a creature driven and derided with vanity” (Joyce 90). He is angry with himself and embarrassed as he...
Critics have already begun a heated debate over the success of the book that has addressed both its strengths and weaknesses. The debate may rage for a few years but it will eventually fizzle out as the success of the novel sustains. The characters, plot, emotional appeal, and easily relatable situations are too strong for this book to crumble. The internal characteristics have provided a strong base to withstand the petty attacks on underdeveloped metaphors and transparent descriptions. The novel does not need confrontations with the Middle East to remain a staple in modern reading, it can hold its own based on its life lessons that anyone can use.
Joyce, James . “Araby.” Literature: An Introduction to Writing. Roberts, Edgar V. and Jacobs,. Henry E. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 2001.
The narrator alienated himself from friends and family which caused loneliness and despair, being one of the first themes of the story. He developed a crush on Mangan's sister, who is somewhat older than the boys, however he never had the confidence to confess his inner-most feelings to her. Mentally, he began to drift away from his childlike games, and started having fantasies about Mangan's sister in his own isolation. He desperately wanted to share his feelings, however, he didn't know how to explain his "confused adoration." (Joyce 390). Later in the story, she asked him if he was going to Araby, the bazaar held in Dublin, and he replied, "If I go I will bring you something.' (Joyce 390). She was consumed in his thoughts, and all he could think about was the upcoming bazaar, and his latest desire. The boy's aunt and uncle forgot about the bazaar and didn't understand his need to go, which deepened the isolation he felt (Borey).
The Middle East has always been a region which has frequently appeared in global news and media for various reasons. Despite all the attention directed towards the region, there has always been a sector of the population which has been left unaddressed most of the time. This sector which I talk about is the Arab youth. For a long time, the Arab region and its politics have been closely related to its traditions and its past, with many leaders maintaining their power for several decades. Due to this social structure, the youth of these countries have been given little amount of attention and say in the way their countries are run. However, in light of the recent events that have occurred across the region, it is evident that the youth have had enough of this oppression and that now it is their turn to take control. The question that has popped up in the minds of millions across the world is “what might have caused these sudden uprisings?” A part of the answer to that question can be attributed to technology. Specifically, it is the social media structure of the internet and television which has acted as a catalyst and empowered the Arab youth, not only to revolt against their oppressors, but to rediscover their identity in times of strife and hardships.
"Araby" tells the story of an adolescent boy's initiation into adulthood. The story is narrated by a mature man reflecting upon his adolescence and the events that forced him to face the disillusioning realities of adulthood. The minor characters play a pivotal role in this initiation process. The boy observes the hypocrisy of adults in the priest and Mrs. Mercer; and his vain, self-centered uncle introduces him to another disillusioning aspect of adulthood. The boy's infatuation with the girl ultimately ends in disillusionment, and Joyce uses the specific example of the boy's disillusionment with love as a metaphor for disillusionment with life itself. From the beginning, the boy deludes himself about his relationship with Mangan's sister. At Araby, he realizes the parallel between his own self-delusion and the hypocrisy and vanity of the adult world.
... Araby. This young boy goes through the experience and realization that he will not live in a life where he gets what he wants, nor will he live an easy life. His life, from this bazaar experience, with be one of hardship and trial. The two epiphanies that the child first experiences help him with an important life quality. The first two of living a poor life and living a future life filled with hardships helps to control his emotions and better himself for being an adult. These experiences that the boy experiences at the bazaar are important qualities to posses and it is important that through our lives that we experience these moments and learn from disappointments in our lives. All of our lives will be filled with highs and lows, disappointments and accomplishments, in the story of “Araby” by James Joyce describes one boy’s experiences of having a disappointment.
Freedom: something taken for granted by citizens all over the first world countries. The struggle for freedom all around the world is a very real one. Recently, the fight for freedom has taken the oppressed by storm. All over the globe, there have been many examples of people fed up with corruption and ready to take control of their lives and the lives of their children. This is evident through the struggles for freedom seen in Syria, Egypt, Tunisia, and most recently Ukraine. It’s 2014 and governments controlled by a central authority or dictator are still prevalent. Countries all over the world have been isolated and stripped of their individual voices. The struggle for freedom coexists with the struggle of finding a voice. A voice is what the Libyan people found in February of 2011 when they started protests against a regime that ruled for forty-two years in isolated dictatorship. Three years later, the very same voice that liberated them is one of the gigantic obstacles they’re facing in establishing a functioning government in the country. This emphatic voice that has been silenced for 42 years by an iron-fisted rule is now louder than ever. The consensus is that they want an operational democracy in place as soon as possible. But three years have passed, and the country is more restless than ever. The country is completely dysfunctional and there is no telling what the people will do next if a stable democratic constitution isn’t in place soon. They’ve just ousted their fourth prime minister in less than three years and casualties are increasing by the day. The current Libyan situation is widely attributed to the 2011 revolution. That being said, understanding how the 2011 revolution happened and why it unfolded the way it...
“The only thing standing in between me and my bias is reality”. In our life, people always like to live in the shadows and dreams. We live in an imaginary world, which the reality is quite different from it. In the story “Araby” by James Joyce, a pre-teen boy who lived with his aunt and uncle, had a crush on his friend Mangan’s elder sister. The boy is timid and cannot express his feelings of love to the girl. He always followed and looked at the girl secretly. One day, he finally met the girl face to face, and the girl mentioned that she wishes that she could go to Araby but she couldn’t because there would be a retreat that week in her at she’s catholic school. Therefore, the little boy promised the girl that
The league of Arab States, or commonly called the Arab League is a local organization of Arab nations from North Africa to South Asia. Formed and established on March 22, 1945 with only six country members: Iraq, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, and Saudi Arabia, the Arab League currently has 22 members, with the ultimate goal to, “draw closer relations between member States and co-ordinate collaboration between them, to safeguard their independence and sovereignty, and to consider in a general way the affairs and interests of the Arab countries.”