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For and against non violent protests
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Nonviolent protests
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Comparative Film Assignment: Brother Outsider In Brother Outsider, the audience is shown the AACRM movement way before Martin Luther King Junior’s “I Have A Dream Speech”. The man who got the movement to that point is Bayard Rustin. He was an advocate for nonviolent approach of protest, pronounced pacifist, and a member of the Communist Party. Also, he was an openly gay in a time that was extremely homophobic. His racial justice journey started in the 1940s, with the freedom ride through the south. Then, it continued into 1956 with the Montgomery bus boycott. Rustin was then seen at the 1960 Democratic Party Convention where he pushed for civil rights. After, in 1963, he organized the March on Washington, which is where the “I Have A Dream …show more content…
It showed not only all of the victories the movement made but it bring to light all of the struggles the group and Bayard Rustin had as well. A tactic that is used in both Brother Outsider and AACRM is economic boycott. A specific example of an economic boycott in Brother Outsider was the Montgomery Bus Boycott. This boycott first began after Bayard’s controversial arrest and he did not want to jeopardize the progress the movement has made. He then sacrificed himself of being the face of the movement by handing it off to Martin Luther King Jr. However, MLKJ had very little knowledge of nonviolent protest. In response to that, Bayard played a huge influential role by offering MLKJ “political agitation and organization” (Kates, "Brother Outsider: The Life of Bayard Rustin"). Since Rosa Parks was arrested, 42,000 African Americans boycotted the buses in Montgomery. This boycott induced the economic crippling of the city bus system. Police brutality emerged from the by harassing, intimidating, and arresting the leadership of the movement (Kates, "Brother Outsider: The Life of Bayard …show more content…
It was a scare tactic that leads to people losing jobs and their creditability. It showed to others to believe in their cause or awful things would happen to you. The frame in both Brother Outsider and Luders was economic deprivation. Economic deprivation is defined as not having the same amount of resources as those living around him or her. The group’s focus in Brother Outsider was to gain equal, basic economic opportunities as the white population from the frame of economic deprivation. By boycotting the bus, it gave the city a lot of economic distress since those fares helped pay for other city functions. Instead of African Americans riding buses, they either walked or joined into the system of carpools that was formed. The people of the movement all tried to play a part and help the boycotters in any way they could. There was also a group of African American taxi drivers that paid an equivalent fare to the one of a bus ride. African American churches across the nation also helped out by donating either new or used shoes. This helped out the boycotter who would rather walk or bike instead of abide by Jim Crow’s laws. The support of many people inside the city of Montgomery and out helped achieved the one of the first victories of the
Sparked by the arrest of Rosa Parks in 1955, the Montgomery Bus Boycott was a political and social protest campaign that aimed for the desegregation of the bus systems in Montgomery, Alabama.[i] The organization revolved around the emerging civil rights leader and pastor Martin Luther King Jr. Three years later, King’s method of non-violent protests would inspire four students to begin the Greensboro sit-ins in North Carolina, which is regarded as one of the most significant demonstrations at the time.[ii] Many of the discriminatory practices during this time period stems from whiteness, which is a belief about entitlement and ownership for whites based solely on their skin color. The media utilizes rhetorical devices, such as analogy, polarizing
Bayard Rustin was a highly important member of the civil rights movement. Though Rustin’s role was played more behind the senses it was more effective in that way. From his dealings with large scale organization and curtail advisement and counseling, his views on philosophy religion and life were able to influence his impact on the civil rights movement. Born March 7th 1912 in Westchester, Pennsylvania Rustin was raised by his mother, grandmother and grandfather along with 7 other sisters and brothers. Raised as Quakers this religious lIfe choice is something that helped set him apart from other civil right activist, taking the teachings and pacifism of the Quaker Rustin mixed them with the teachings of Gandhi non-violent protest and
Martin Luther King led the boycott. turned out to be an immediate success, despite the threats and violence against white people. A federal court ordered Montgomery buses. desegregated in November 1956, and the boycott ended in triumph. King led several sit-ins, this kind of movement was a success.
that was effecting there very lives. It rallied the people to make the government find a
On the date May 26, 1956, two female students from Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, Wilhelmina Jakes and Carrie Patterson, had taken a seat down in the whites only section of a segregated bus in the city of Tallahassee, Florida. When these women refused to move to the colored section at the very back of the bus, the driver had decided to pull over into a service station and call the police on them. Tallahassee police arrested them and charged them with the accusation of them placing themselves in a position to incite a riot. In the days after that immediately followed these arrests, students at the Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University organized a huge campus-wide boycott of all of the city buses. Their inspiring stand against segregation set an example and an intriguing idea that had spread to tons of Tallahassee citizens who were thinking the same things and brought a change of these segregating ways into action. Soon, news of the this boycott spread throughout the whole entire community rapidly. Reverend C.K. Steele composed the formation of an organization known as the Inter-Civic Council (ICC) to manage the logic and other events happening behind the boycott. C.K. Steele and the other leaders created the ICC because of the unfounded negative publicity surrounding the National Associat...
This boycott ended up costing the bus company more than $250,000 in revenue. The bus boycott in Montgomery made King a symbol of racial justice overnight. This boycott helped organize others in Birmingham, Mobile, and Tallahassee. During the 1940s and 1950s the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) won a series of cases that helped put it ahead in the civil rights movement. One of these advancements was achieved in 1944, when the United States Supreme Court banned all-white primaries.
On December 5, 1955, thousands of African Americans in Montgomery, Alabama walked, carpooled, or hitchhiked to work in an act of rebellion against segregation on buses. This bus boycott was not the first of its kind – black citizens of Baton-Rouge, Louisiana had implemented the same two years prior – but the bus boycott in Montgomery was a critical battle of the Civil Rights Movement. Though the original intent of the boycott was to economically cripple the bus system until local politicians agreed to integrate the city’s buses, the Montgomery Bus Boycott impacted the fabric of society in a much deeper way. Instead of only changing the symptoms of a much larger problem, this yearlong protest was the first step in transforming the way all Americans
The bus boycott succeed because the black people stood up for what they thought was right, they did not use violence, they did not fight back, they fought smart, and they fought right. See many of the white people abuse the power that they had by making the blacks give up their seats after long days of work, and making them go to the back of the store to purchase food and other items. They treated them different because they didn’t have the same skin tone, but little did they know that on December 1st 1955 everything was about to change; one day on the bus ride home when Rosa Parks decided that she was not going to stand and let a young white man have her seat after a long day at work, she was arrested.
fought to make it an issue of individual rights versus government rights. As the movement
King's leadership and motivation inspired the black community to unite and work as one to overcome the bus segregation laws in an active but non-violent resistance to evil. The boycott saw the rise of King as a civil rights leader and as a representative of the modern civil rights movement. In addition, there were other very important outcomes of the boycott such as, the Browder V. Gayle Supreme Court ruling that proved that the bus segregation ordinance was unconstitutional. Other significant results of the boycott were that it challenged and invalidated many of the Jim Crow laws and that it inspired many other successful boycotts in Southern States. As a result, I believe there were many significant results of the boycott. However, I feel I must agree that Martin Luther King was the most significant and by David Walker, coming up with his four articles my attention towards the Montgomery bus boycott has been drawn in more learning new things and how they connect in ways I never would have
Over the course of his life, Dr. King would lead and participate in multiple non-violent protests against segregation. On the first of December, 1955, the arrest of Rosa Parks in Montgomery, Alabama would trigger the first of many protests led by King. The Montgomery bus boycott would last for 385 days and was so tense that King’s house was bombed. He was later arrested and released after the United States District Courts ruled that segregation on all Montgomery public buses was illegal. This paved the way for King to lead many more protests in his life and becoming a major leader in the desegregation movement.
It was considered the first large scale demonstration against segregation. A couple of days before the boycott, Rosa parks did her part. Rosa parks got arrested and this sparked the American civil rights movement. This brought out the leader of the movement: Martin Luther King Jr. Within a year, the goal was achieved and buses were desegregated. Many did not trust him and didn’t want him to speak out. Many people kept quiet due to fear of violence if they spoke anything about the unfairness everyone was facing.
In late 1955, Dr. King was elected to lead his first public peaceful protest. For the rest of the year and throughout all of 1956, African Americans decided to boycott the Montgomery bus system in response to the arrest of Rosa Parks. After 382 days of protest, the city of Montgomery was forced to lift the law mandating segregated public transportation because of the large financial losses they suffered from the protest. King began to receive notice on a national level in 1960. On October ...
Although the boycott was long, gruesome, and almost 400 days Parks made it through but was exhausted by the end. (biography.com) The leader that started the boycott was Rosa Parks, and without her and the NAACP there would have been no boycott at all. It all started on December 1, 1955, when Rosa Parks was on her way home from a long day at work. After she sat down and the bus was ready to depart, the bus driver asked the first row of African Americans to get up because there was a white man who didn't have a seat.
Blacks walked miles to work, organized carpools, and despite efforts from the police to discourage this new spark of independence, the boycotts continued for more than a year until in November 1956 the Supreme Court ruled that the Montgomery bus company must desegregate it's busses. Were it not for the leadership of Rosa Parks and Jo Ann Robinson, and the support the black community through church congregations, these events may have not happened for many years to come.