Baron de Montesquieu was a French Philosopher. He was born in Bordeaux France. To his father Jacques and mother Marie she died when he was only seven. Baron de Montesquieu went to the College of Juilly". This was a famous school for French nobles. He studied science, literature, and law. He also went to Bordeaux University. He was later married to Jeanne de Lartigue and had 3 children. Along with being a philosopher he was additionally part of the French Parliament an a author. Montesquieu was highly influenced by another Philosopher, John Locke. John Locke's ideas on humans natural rights life, liberty, and happiness really sparked the idea of Baron de Montesquieu to write " The Spirit of the Law" The problem he challenged was to much power in the government. By to much power he meant that one person in charge would cause mass chaos in the government and in everybody everyday life. If one person was to take control of the government then France would of been a dictatorship. Montesquieu ideas on government were very liberal he believed that slavery should be abolished. Also he believe that the country should make laws more humanely. His theory was …show more content…
He made three different branches of the government. The first branch was the legislative branch. This control laws and rules. Next was the executive branch this branch's main role was to put laws in action and in force the rules and laws. The third branch is the judicial, this branch was to interpret the law. This was a major difference in the current French government at the time, the current type of government was a monarchy. Montesquieu was trying to push away the power of a king and trying to enforce a Parliament type government. He wanted a the people in charge of the government to be elected, not chosen from a family heir. This would make the country a better place because the people would like the person they voted
Through the Napoleonic Code, a unitary legal system for all of France, private property was protected and equality was preserved before the law. During his reign, France was a meritocracy in that positions were awarded to people with the most talent and ability, preserving equality. He also allowed the people to vote through the plebiscite, a yes or no vote for the leader of France. Napoleon also preserved the ideal of religious toleration. He did this by agreeing to the Concordat of 1801.
He was a military leader.“He emancipated slaves and negotiated for the French colony of Hispaniola”. (E.Fass)-(Britannica.com) .He led the slave army and later on he had negotiated with napoleon which made napoleon agree to the terms of peace . Both revolutions were inspired by the American Revolution , because both revolutions wanted enlightenment ideas that involved natural rights, such equality and freedom. Both had a terrible class system. Due to having a terrible class system large gaps were created between the rich and the poor . France had three estates which made people selfish to other people at the time it was called the Old Regime. Haiti had three classes also, but they were divided but they were split up by skin color this was called colonization.The majority of populations had belonged to the lower classes because of profit . The French had to have something to motivate them into why they are going through war, so they had a motto and they used three powerful words Liberty, Equality ,and Fraternity. Both French and Haiti had riots overtime. In France, a mob attacked the Paris building of Bastille. Which later be named as the fall of Bastille. Why was it
Well, let me start off by saying that there were only three important people that have contributed to the United States Constitution, those three are Montesquieu, Voltaire and Diderot. Each one of these people have played a huge role in today's Constitution. In my opinion out of all of these people,I think Montesquieu is the one that influence the Constitution the most. It made the Founding Fathers, write the Constitution more easily and efficiently.
that contributed to the rise and fall of the French Monarchy. The ideas of the
For instance, Pierre felt that nationalism was not the right thing to have and was not necessary. This was because it was racist and threatening to individual freedoms. Also, he believed that nations were formed based on common language, religion and or background. Pierre Trudeau felt that nationalism was discriminating, and in a way dividing everyone up, and separating people from one another based on religion. Pierre showed his belief in individual rights by reforming the laws on divorce, and homosexuality. This let people express themselves the way they wanted to be treated without being in trouble. For instance, men were allowed to dress, and look the way that they wanted to look without being reported for disturbance. This charismatic politician felt that judging someone based on their gender preference was ridiculous and immoral. Furthermore, it helped people realize that being unique from others is a good thing, and that they should never live their life in a way, so that they do not feel comfortable. This also made people more accepting of the way others lived. Finally, it gave people the chance to be able to divorce without being judged. Pierre Trudeau also changed the abortion laws. This allowed people abort children without being judged which would help them not have to have a child if they did not want to. This gave others more freedom. This also allowed people to abort children if they felt that having a baby was too painful, and unbearable. Many people felt that having a baby was something they would not want to go through because it would affect the way they could live for the next nine months of their lives, and how they could spend their money for the next 20 years of their lives. This rule also allowed others to live life more peacefully. People would have less stress in their head. Finally, people we are able to
In political theory, he was equally influential. Contradicting Hobbes, Locke maintained that the original state of nature was happy and characterized by reason and tolerance; all human beings were equal and free to pursue "life, health, liberty, and possessions." The state formed by the social contract was guided by the natural law, which guaranteed those inalienable rights. He set down the policy of checks and balances later followed in the U.S. Constitution; formulated the doctrine that revolution in some circumstances is not only a right but an obligation; and argued for broad religious freedom. The Baron de Montesquieu was a multi-faceted Enlightenment writer whose most well known work was done in the realm of political theory.
In this work, he explains human laws and social institutions. He stated that unlike physical laws that are instituted by God, positive laws are created by humans and therefore are prone to ignorance and error. He believed that laws should adapt to fit the type of people for whom are to be governed by these laws.Montesquieu favored the separation of powers because that way neither of the branches of government can threaten the freedom of the people . Montesquieu’s idea of maintaining the proper balance of power between the branches was expressed in The Spirit of the Laws, which would later give influence to the Unites States Constitution and Alexis de Tocqueville 's Democracy in
These objections consisted of limiting taxes, equally taxing every Estate, and treating the majority of the population more abundantly (Document 7). When the peasants saw that nothing was done even with these statements brought to King Louis attention, they were outraged. That’s when they took what the United States as an example of what France can be (Document 5). The people wanted independence from the idea of monarchy ruling in their country any longer and took a stand (Document 5). They began to realize that they wanted “liberty, property, security, and resistance of oppression” that cannot be taken away from them (Document 8). The thought of the divine right theory was no longer present in their minds and didn’t bother to care that the King believed that he was appointed by God (Document 1).
“almost certainly it was Rousseau who taught Tocqueville to see the root of love of equality in human nature and to see its centrality for political life. My whole interpretation, then, might be summed up by saying that Tocqueville attempts to rewrite Montesquieu’s political science by way of an extension of Rousseau’s reinterpretation of human nature.”
He was made Prime Minister under Louix XIII in 1624. He was dedicated to the supreme authority of the crown. At the time, there was political corruption galore, an independent nobility and problems with the Protestant Huguenots. Richelieu saw all of these things as impediments to his goals and through coercion, manipulation and oppression, set about changing things. In 1628, he defeated a Huguenot rebellion and although they were banned from military service, he allowed them to practice their religion.
contributed to the execution of King Louis XVI so that French citizens might find a better existence under honest rule. To keep citizens focused on the revolution, he established a
Philippe Petit changed numerous peoples’ thoughts about the Twin Towers when he performed his high wire walk between them in 1974. Before Philippe Petit walked the high wire between the Twin Towers in 1974, people weren’t certain how they felt about the construction of the World Trade Center. After Philippe performed, people began to warm up to the idea of the towers. Philippe Petit walked the high wire between the Twin Towers on August 7, 1974. This event prompted Andrew McMahon to write the song “Platform Fire” about this event for his band, Jack’s Mannequin. This song was not a hit for the band; however, fans of Jack’s Mannequin seem to have a special place in their heart for it.
Montesquieu argued that to protect the rights of the nation and the security of destruction from the law; self governing bodies must possess individual powers to slow down the natural tendencies of an absolute monarchy. Basically Montesquieu thought that in order to get out of an absolute monarchy and to govern yourself; you must protect the rights of your country and stop the destruction of your country from the law. He thought that human beings could solve society's problems by using their ability to reason. Montesquieu thought that people should take a direct part in their government and not follow what a king or dictator says. That the people living in the country should decide what laws they live by and what there freedoms are. He also thought that peoples ability to reason meant th...
Society has come a long way since the sixteenth century. Between the Scientific Revolution that starting in Europe around 1543, to the enlightenment that started around the sixteen or seventeen hundreds. Many ideas were developed and many views were shared between philosophers and intellectuals. Three of these Intellectuals were Charles Montesquieu, Voltaire, and lastly Jean Jacques Rousseau. Montesquieu is highly known for the idea and creation of the three separate government branches, but he also published The Spirit of the Laws in 1748, which was considered a treatise that presented a debate on government.
The first and less important cause of the three was the enlightenment ideas of the time. Christianity was the dominant religion at the time and the clergy had a lot of power and were a heavy political influence as well as very wealthy. However, the church and most of the higher clergy were ignoring the problems of the poorer people of France, who they were supposed to be serving, and were criticized by Enlightenment writers like Voltaire. Enlightenment writers challenged the ways things had worked for years. The ancien regime was the political and social system of France before the French Revolution. Under the system, everyone was a subject to the king and people were sorted into three estates. Enlightenment writers and philosophers would question the old order and write about new political systems and a society where everyone would have equal amounts of power. Because of this, ...