Architecture And Architecture: The History Of Architecture
argumentative Essay
1593 words
The history of architecture is quite long, and there is so much to learn about! Not only is there a lot to learn, I have so many questions I wish I could ask famous architects, such as why they built that, is there a particular color or pattern scheme that they chose for that building, is there a reason they built that building, or if they were going through something that influenced their reasoning as to why they built it the way they did. The branches of architecture are civil, sacred, naval, military, and landscape architecture. The history of architecture traces the changes in architecture through various traditions, regions, overarching stylistic trends, and dates. Architecture is a form of art as well as a science. It is an art because it is a way to express your creativity. With architecture being a form of art it is an outlet for creativity and a way to express your views on society. There is one architect per 2,000 head of population. However, only 20% of buildings are actually built by architects. This means we are in need of more architects!
The architecture and urbanism of the Greeks and Romans was very different from the Egyptians and Persians. Civic life gained importance for all members of the community. Greek civic life was sustained by new, open spaces called the agora which were surrounded by public
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In this essay, the author
- Opines that the history of architecture is quite long, and there is so much to learn about. they wish they could ask famous architects, such as why they built that building, or if they were going through something that influenced their reasoning.
- Explains that the history of architecture traces the changes in architecture through various traditions, regions, overarching stylistic trends, and dates.
- Compares the architecture and urbanism of the greeks and romans with egyptian and persian architecture. the agora embodied the newborn respect for social justice received through open debate rather than imperial mandate.
- Explains that the romans conquered the greek cities in italy around three hundred years bce and much of the western world after that. inventions like the arch and concrete gave a whole new form to roman architecture.
- Explains that the renaissance era refers to the italian renaissance that began in the 14th century. the term early modern has gained popularity in describing this cultural movement.
- Explains that inigo jones, the first great advocate of renaissance architecture, returned to england for the new movement and immediately began to design such buildings as the queen's house at greenwich in 1616.
- Explains that every famous architect has a story behind their creations. frank lloyd wright, zaha hadid, frank gehry, louis sullivan, and many others have stories behind them.
- Argues that architecture is not a "one-and-done" thing. it continues to thrive in the community by being added on to or more buildings being built around it.
- Explains the art deco style in architecture emerged in paris just before world war i. its revolutionary use of reinforced concrete, geometric forms, straight lines, and decorative sculpture applied to the outside of buildings were a departure from art nouveau.
- Explains that the 19th century was dominated by a wide variety of stylistic revivals, variations, and interpretations. by 1939, the art deco style was out of fashion and was replaced by international style.
- Explains that modern architecture began at the turn of the 20th century with efforts to merge the principles underlying architectural design with rapid technological advancement and the modernization of society.
- Describes how companies around the world have 3d-printed numerous buildings, many only taking a few hours to be completed. the technology is being expanded to other frameworks.
- Explains that sustainable architecture is an important topic in contemporary architecture, including the trends of new urbanism, new classical architecture and eco-cities.
The term "Early Modern" has gained popularity in describing this cultural movement. This period of cultural rebirth is often credited with the restoration of scholarship in the Classical Antiquities. When Charles VIII returned in 1496 with several Italian artists from his conquest of Naples, the Renaissance spread to France in the late 15th century. Architects such as Philibert Delorme, Androuet du Cerceau, Giacomo Vignola, and Pierre Lescot, were inspired by the new ideas and Architecture continued to thrive in the control of Henry II and Henry
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- The Architecture Of The Greek And Roman And Greek Architectureexplanatory essayHovering above are pillars of concrete and stone. Its rise and collapse determined by history. A combination of art and science designed to create notorious architecture. The necessity for architecture is distant from extinction and continuously transforming itself with the duration of time creating innovative methods of portraying scenic and functional works of art. The Romans and Greeks established a foundation for architecture that maintains its reputation as remarkable acts of beauty.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that the necessity for architecture is distant from extinction and continuously transforming itself with the duration of time creating innovative methods of portraying scenic and functional works of art.
- Explains that de architectura, dedicated to emperor caesar augustus, is the most primitive written work concerning architecture and was later published as the ten books of architecture.
- Explains that the greeks created three distinct designs: the doric, ionic and corinthian order.
- Explains that the romans adopted numerous architectural techniques after conquering the greeks. they believed that architecture was meant to serve two purposes, be functional and uniquely beautiful.
- Explains how the romans formulated the superposed order, utilizing different orders for each level. the roman colosseum, consisting of four stories, encouraged the colossal order of the renaissance.
- Explains that romans enhanced the adaptations of the greek columns as well as enriched the grandeur of arch and dome. the triumphal arch was adopted from the etruscans and remains within architecture today.
- Explains how brunellesschi, an artist, became inspired by the domes of the past. the renaissance revitalized the dome and reached its peak within the 18th century baroque
- Explains that vaults were common in interiors such as cathedrals, halls or temples. they created an arched form on the ceiling that required counter resistance.
- Explains that ancient romans mastered urban housing developments, private baths, and highly sophisticated drainage systems. the elite resided in single-family homes but not dispersed into distinctive neighborhoods.
- Explains that roman cities contained numerous social amenities such as public baths and gyms. thermae designs were discussed in "de architectura" by vitruvius. amphitheatres existed as community amenities.
- Explains how the greeks and romans created innovative ways to produce beauty, which impacted the future. without the beauty of the past, today's beauty would be meaningless.
1316 wordsRead More - The History of Architecturecomparative essayThe history of architecture is very influential in mankind’s culture. It has evolved and become more prominent with the growth of civilizations. The Egyptians contributed square stones, pyramids, and ramps (St. Petersburg Times). The Greeks gave pillars and theaters (Gascoigne). The most prominent, the Romans, gave domes, aqueducts, and roads (Alchin). Everything else was given by lesser known countries. Without these countries who mastered the art of architecture, the world would look a lot different.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that the history of architecture is very influential in mankind's culture. the egyptians contributed square stones, pyramids, and ramps; the greeks gave pillars and theaters.
- Explains that ancient egyptians used granite, limestone, and sandstone for their monuments. they did not have mortar at the time, so they had to figure out different means of getting the structures to fit together.
- Explains that the greeks are known for their columns and shapely roofs. the parthenon is one of the most vastly known examples of greek architecture
- Explains that the romans are unrivaled in their skill and mastery of architecture. the first era copied the traditions and customs of the countries before them.
- Explains that the first humans did not build permanent homes because they were always on the move.
- Concludes that the history of architecture has had a major influence in the modern day building and designing of structures.
1225 wordsRead More - Gothic Architectureanalytical essayArchitecture has always been an integral part of the society and its culture. It not only defines the space of the community that it participates in but it also shapes the community’s place in history. Moreover, historians all over the world have found architecture playing a key role while they study the communities in time periods. Architecture helps the historian decipher the civilization's daily life and the values they hold. The historians are able to decipher as such by looking at the recurring structural feature and ornamental feature of certain buildings of certain time period. Some of the significant feature of the building usually defines the political regime or the religious values of the civilization.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that architecture has always been an integral part of society and its culture. it defines the space of the community that it participates in and shapes its place in history.
- Explains that gothic architecture can be understood thoroughly through the study in the form of cathedrals of that time.
- Analyzes how the cathedrals communicated scholasticism, politics, and religion under the influential umbrella of the christian ideology.
- Explains the origins of gothic cathedrals dating back to the 1137 a.d. and it glorifying years rely upon the late 13th century.
- Explains how abbot suger's approach on gothic architecture developed due to the small size of the basilica church of st. denis from his hometown.
- Explains that the gothic architecture was short and stocky due to the architect's inability to distribute the weight of the heavy stonewalls. the flying buttress was decorative and elaborately designed.
- Analyzes how the flying buttress played a huge role on how stained glass came to find its place in cathedrals.
- Explains that gothic architecture was innovative in many ways, but it was constrained by tradition. tradition dictated the floor plan and reflected a symbolic significance.
- Explains the use of pointed arches in gothic architecture, which allowed the cathedrals to reach new heights.
- Explains the use of gargoyles in the exterior of gothic cathedrals. they are little monsters sticking out of the building, perched along the roofs and battlements.
- Explains that gothic architecture revolutionized the architecture of medieval times. the aesthetic style owes a great deal to the architectural movement of the time.
- Opines that glassman, g., and tiffany, s. (directors), building the great cathedrals, pbs.
- Explains salvadori, why buildings stand up, mcgraw-hill, 1980.
- Cites verde, t. (2012, may). saudiaramcoworld. retrieved from the point of the arch
2244 wordsRead More - A Study of Ancient and Modern Architectureopinionated essayBehind every architectural work there is an architect, whether the architect is one man or woman, a small group, or an entire people. The structure created by any of these architects conveys a message about the architect: their culture, their identity, their struggles. Because of the human element architects offer to their work not just a building is made, but a work of art, a symbol of a people, a representation, is also created.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that every architectural work has an architect, whether it's one man or woman, a small group, or an entire people. because of the human element architects offer to their work
- Argues that ancient and classic forms of architecture are in essence more "profound...lasting... [and] inexhaustible" than those of their modern counterparts.
- Explains that ancient architecture began with the very first construction of man to the early twentieth century when modernism emerged and certain principles of architecture were lost.
- Quotes nuttgens to explain how the invention of the arch, the groin vault, and the dome inspired gothic and islamic styles.
- Explains that modern architecture doesn't originate from one sole architect or group of architects with the audacity and gall to create their own modern form of what used to be.
- Opines that modern architecture suffers some downfalls as opposed to ancient architecture, but this should not be misunderstood.
- Opines that architecture is a world-wide phenomenon that connects all of humankind, despite its diversity. modern architects must look to the present and not the past to create new and lasting icons.
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In this essay, the author
- Explains that ancient greeks discovered mycenaean ruins and wrote stories about them, but today, inspiration is still drawn from classical architecture. the study of ancient architecture can show insights into past civilizations.
- Explains that the greek temple was a fairly standardized building across all of greece. it was comprised of an inner walled structure called the cella.
- Explains how roman architecture played with the idea of columns and structures as a whole. temples were not the only buildings made out of stone anymore.
- Explains that the classical style was limited to temples in ancient greece, while columns were not as ornate as columns on the parthenon. the use of columns as decorations also began in roman times.
- Explains that classical architecture is reserved mainly for public buildings which serve important civic functions. the supreme court is the highest court in the united states.
- Explains that studying ancient architecture can help understand ancient civilizations, since they existed so long ago, and not much remains in terms of textual records.
1107 wordsRead More - Jacob Holstead Ms. Cwiak H American Literature 23 May 2017 Frank Lloyd Wright and American Architecture Do you have a living room, open floor plan, or carpet flooring? Most homes in America today have these basic essentials, and Frank Lloyd Wright can be credited for this. Frank Lloyd Wright is one of the most influential Architects in American history. These innovations in modern architecture may not have occurred without him.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that frank lloyd wright's innovations in architecture positively influenced the way american homes were built, thus affecting their lives.
- Explains that frank lloyd wright was born on june 8th, 1867, in richland center, wisconsin, to william and anna wright, who settled down in madison, where he attended college. his passion for farming influenced his "prairie" style of architecture.
- Explains that frank lloyd wright attended the university of wisconsin, madison and took civil engineering and drafting classes, but dropped out to work on something bigger. he found employment in chicago as a tracer with joseph lyman silsbee.
- Explains that wright created a style of architecture to reflect america's character. his style was heavily influenced by the midwest, where he grew up.
- Analyzes how "in the cause of architecture" is an essay written by frank lloyd wright in 1908. it goes into great detail about the philosophy behind his architecture, as well as important milestones in his life.
- Analyzes how frank lloyd wright was the perfect person to fill this need. he believed that all houses should be unique, just like people, and reflect nature.
- Explains that frank lloyd wright transformed architecture in america with his innovations. his open floor plan, living room, and hearth have brought american families closer through the years.
- Cites the encyclopedia of world biography and the frank lloyd wright foundation.
864 wordsRead More - Architecture of the New Capitalist Societyanalytical essayArchitecture has been known as the product of aesthetics, structure, and function that serves to address social needs, resolve environmental and humanitarian problems through built form. Architecture not only shelters, but also has the ability to consolidate boundaries within our society. It realizes the role by physically defining space and by imposing its symbolic, representative meaning onto our living environment. As Ludwig Wittgenstein once said, “Architecture immortalizes and glorifies something”. Indeed, architecture must be documentary and didac...
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes how libeskind's winning design for the new world trade center takes a sentimental and metaphorical approach. the revised plan altered his original humanistic vision of creating buildings that respond to the neighborhood.
- Analyzes how the new world trade center project has stirred debates among authorities and the public since daniel liberskind first revealed his original mater plan in february 2003.
- Explains that architecture is the product of aesthetics, structure, and function that serves to address social needs, resolve environmental and humanitarian problems through built form.
- Explains that the most dramatic change in the revised plan of the world trade center is the more slender office towers. it was done to reduce density and provide more open space and fewer physical obstacles.
- Explains that architecture is an indispensable engine of the capitalist society to represent a singular vision of "ownership class".
- Analyzes how the design process of the new world trade center demonstrates how capitalist society influences the architecture profession.
- Opines that economic interest is not the single factor that has altered the architecture profession, but it is definitely one of the most significant factors.
- Explains that capitalism's profit motive is illustrated in almost all types of architecture in our society. architecture creates pleasurable experiences for its users and serves as an instrument to secure economic interests.
- Analyzes how architecture is commercialized to maximize profits for its tenants in the consumerist culture. architecture defines the physical environment, as well as the social structure.
- Explains that the role of architects has changed as the architecture profession has marginalized into service sector.
- Analyzes how the wtc project has cast on us a new perception of the american society, which determines that profit and self-interest are valued above public interest.
- Opines that modesty can show the rest of the world that new york has learned from its past and the american values.
- Analyzes bussel's "as the world trade center turns" and mead’s “close inspection of a capitalist world”.
- Cites christopher hawthorne, joseph a. demkin, karrie jacobs, peter j. larkham, and joseph j
1727 wordsRead More - Athens: The Acropolis and the Agoraexplanatory essayPublicly, the Agora served as a meeting place, market place, and a center for public activity.? The Agora once contained lush trees and fabulous fountains for public enjoyment (?Agora?).? These aesthetic elements combined to create an area that functioned as a public park and meeting space (ibid).? Athenians could engage in discussion, meet friends, or take their children to play in this free public area (?Athens?).? At the same time, the Agora created a public market for the sale of goods (?Agora?).? Two long stoas, or colonnade halls, once provided an area f...
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes how the agora functioned as a meeting place, market, and center for public activity.
- Explains that the agora was a public area for the athenians, so it was important to have public offices for government located in this area.
- Explains that the agora was a sacred area that was home to important structures, temples, altars and statues. the panathenaic way was the most important religious function.
- Explains that the parthenon, completed in 432 bc, is a masterpiece of doric architecture.
- Explains that the erechtheon represents an ionic order of architecture. it houses the tomb of the first king of athens, and commemorates a significant religious myth.
- Explains that the acropolis and agora are two major features of ancient greece that have a home in modern day athens.
- Explains that the agora was an important public arena in ancient athens, and the acropolis became an influential architectural feature.
- Explains that the propylaea was designed to be the entrance way into the acropolis. it incorporates both ionic and doric orders.
1942 wordsRead More - Ancient Romeexplanatory essayThe ancients Romans were very different from the ancient Greek. “The ancient Romans were down-to-earth realists, not idealists.”(Donn2) You can see this in their statues. The Greeks made statues of perfect people. The Romans created real life statues. A good example of this is a Roman emperor statue because his nose will be huge and the ancient Greek would have never done that. The Romans were fierce soldiers and wonderful builders. They built roads all over the empire and all led to Rome. The ancient Greeks had roads, but they were not built nearly as well and the Greek’s roads did not connect in any particular order. Each Greek city-state was its own unit, not like Rome because in ancient Rome, Rome was the heart of the empire.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that ancient rome was different from ancient greece, their daily life activities and lifestyles, and also about their religion.
- Explains that the ancient romans were down-to-earth realists, not idealistic. they built roads all over the empire and all led to rome.
- Explains that rome was a busy, noisy, smoky, and dusty city, with beautiful temples and public buildings.
- Explains that lower class romans or plebeians lived in apartment houses or flats, above or behind their shops. they had to get their water from public facilities.
- Explains that upper class romans or patricians lived in singles family homes, which in ancient rome meant the great grandparents, parents, and kids of one family lived together.
- Explains that the ancient romans started their day with breakfast, while the lower class plebeians had a breakfast of dry bread or dipped in wine and water.
- Explains that the upper class romans or patricians enjoyed fresh meat, fish, fruits, vegetables, bread, and used honey to sweeten food because sugar was unknown. they had slaves to cook and clean.
- Explains that the romans wore a toga, which looked like white sheet 9 yards long, but it fell out of style early because it was inconvenient, and people felt the cold. they switched to comfortable tunics.
- Explains that roman men wore rings, the only jewelry worn by a roman citizen man, only one ring dictated god manners. hairstyles and beards varied with the time.
- Explains that roman women loved ornate necklaces, pins and earrings. they dyed their hair and used false hairpieces to make it thicker or longer.
- Explains that the roman boys wore a white tunic down to their knees, with crimson border, and once they became men, they put aside their childish clothes. they became citizens at age 16 or 17.
- Explains that the romans girls wore a simple tunic with belt at the waist, while the boys and girls were given special lockets around their neck, called bullas.
- Explains that the bath was a very important part of ancient roman daily life. roman women and men visited the public baths at least once every day.
- Explains that the forum was a square created at the center of the city, which became the seat of roman government.
- Explains the goal of education in ancient rome was to be an effective speaker. the only rest they had was for lunch and the afternoon siesta.
- Explains that early romans worshipped nature spirits, which were supposed to guide and control the roman people. jupiter, mars, apollo, mercury and neptune were the chief gods.
1770 wordsRead More - The Architecture And Architecture Of Frank Lloyd Wrightanalytical essayIntroduction: Frank Lloyd Wright, born June 8, 1867, was an American architect, interior designer, writer and educator, who designed more than 1,000 structures, 532 of which were completed. Wright believed in designing structures that were in harmony with humanity and its environment, a philosophy he called organic architecture. According to Wright's autobiography, his mother declared when she was expecting that her first child would grow up to build beautiful buildings. She decorated his nursery with engravings of English cathedrals torn from a periodical to encourage the infant's ambition. Wright was admitted to the University of Wisconsin–Madison as a special student in 1886.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that the johnson wax headquarters is the world headquarters and administration building of s. c. johnson & son in racine, wisconsin.
- Explains that the johnson wax headquarters is an office building and supports very few activities. the day to day activities performed in it are not too different from any other office space.
- Analyzes how the two "bird cage" elevators convey employees from the basement to the high-powered offices of the executive level. the mezzanine separates the level of work being done, while the grand workroom is mainly filled with low level employees.
- Explains that the entrance into the great workroom creates a breakthrough, threshold effect. uniqueness in design and overall size of the room create wonderment for those who enter.
- Analyzes how the "great workroom" is designed to respond to sunlight by using thin, white dendriform columns, skylights, and glass tubes.
- Explains that the great workroom, as the main floor of the administration building is called, spans a half acre, meant to promote efficiency and direct access between the roughly 200 employees.
- Analyzes how the building's structure leads one to the grand workroom, where there is a clear path that leads you to where you need to go.
- Analyzes how wright's change in lighting upon entering the grand workroom creates a stark contrast from what is experienced before.
- Explains that the primary in-between domain in this building lies within the second floor, which hosts a variety of different activities that one can partake in while in the building.
- Explains that the grand workroom is a primary spot for interaction, but there are other spots for retreat. the quiet library provides calm that may not be found in any of the main workrooms
- Explains that the entire complex is kept within one building, and each floor serves its own specific purpose.
- Analyzes how the mezzanine in the grand workroom establishes a form of connection between two different groups of workers that bring the mindset of what is trying to be achieved, together.
- Explains that the dendriform concrete pillars are multipurpose, supporting the weight of the headquarters, but also serve an aesthetic purpose. they were styled after trees/mushrooms.
- Analyzes how the bridge and hand-washing stones create a connection to the river, which connects each and every place in the villa.
- Analyzes how wright's cherokee red color accents the curvaceous brick walls, which required the creation of nearly 200 special shapes to build according to his specifications.
- Explains that frank lloyd wright was an american architect, interior designer, writer, and educator who designed more than 1,000 structures, 532 of which were completed.
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