Aerodynamics of Planes
explanatory Essay
1627 words
Aerodynamics of Planes
Ever since I was little I was amazed at the ability for a machine to fly. I have always wanted to explore ideas of flight and be able to actually fly. I think I may have found my childhood fantasy in the world of aeronautical engineering. The object of my paper is to give me more insight on my future career as an aeronautical engineer. This paper was also to give me ideas of the physics of flight and be to apply those physics of flight to compete in a high school competition.
History of Flight
The history of flying dates back as early as the fifteenth century. A Renaissance man named Leonardo da Vinci introduced a flying machine known as the ornithopter. Da Vinci proposed the idea of a machine that had bird like flying capabilities. Today no ornithopters exist due to the restrictions of humans, and that the ornithopters just aren’t practical. During the eighteenth century a philosopher named Sir George Cayley had practical ideas of modern aircraft. Cayley never really designed any workable aircraft, but had many incredible ideas such as lift, thrust, and rigid wings to provide for lift. In the late nineteenth century the progress of aircraft picks up. Several designers such as Henson and Langley, both paved the way for the early 1900’s aircraft design. Two of the most important people in history of flight were the Wright Brothers. The Wright Brothers were given the nickname the “fathers of the heavier than air flying machine” for their numerous flights at their estate in Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. Orville and Wilbur Wright created a motor-powered biplane in which they established incredible feats of the time. The Wright Brothers perfected their design of the heavier than air flying ma...
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...Another way to decrease the disturbance over the wings are to move the wings lower than the horizontal stabilizer or visa versa to allow the shock waves moving over each wing to miss each other. Most aircraft today do not have enough fuel to maintain the speed of sound for great distances. Engineers have designed a brand new aircraft known as the F-22, which has the ability to fly an entire mission at supersonic speeds. The speed of light is unattainable by aircraft due to drag. We have no materials that could with stand the heat caused by the friction of the air moving over its body, nor materials strong enough to be able to take the enormous drag. Today there is no thrust capability that would allow for the speed of light. Although aircraft has proved such things as time dilation it is still impossible for an aircraft to travel at 900,000 miles per second.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that they have always wanted to explore ideas of flight and be able to actually fly. their paper is to give them more insight on their future career as an aeronautical engineer.
- Explains that the history of flying dates back to the 15th century, when leonardo da vinci introduced the ornithopter.
- Explains that aircraft improvements are found in the military and intelligence field, such as the sr-71 blackbird, and the u-2 spy plane.
- Explains that they have always wanted to explore ideas of flight and be able to actually fly. their paper is to give them more insight on their future career as an aeronautical engineer.
- Explains that the history of flying dates back to the 15th century, when leonardo da vinci introduced the ornithopter.
- Explains that aircraft improvements are found in the military and intelligence field, such as the sr-71 blackbird, and the u-2 spy plane.
- Explains that the wing allows a heavier than air machine to fly. daniel bernoulli came up with idea using water tests that low pressure over high pressure would cause something to rise.
- Explains that drag is the opposite of forward motion and can be seen in almost everyday life.
- Explains the physics of thrust in aircraft, which is semi-complicated due to its effectiveness and cheapness.
- Explains that stability of an aircraft during flight is crucial. they explain how new designs in stabilizer technology have allowed for lightweight aircraft to be produced.
- Explains that the speed of sound is varied at different altitudes due to the density of air, and how much air sound has to displace.
- Explains that the f-22 has the ability to fly an entire mission at supersonic speeds.
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- Wright Brothersexplanatory essaySince the time of the World Wars and the Wright brothers, aviation has become a huge part of global society. The Orville and Wilbur Wright’s names will forever be remembered into United States history as the first men who were the first to fully realized human flight. Their successful invention of a working, powered airplane brought about whole new ways of wars, including new strategies for both offense and defense. Many technological advances might not have occurred without the need for new weapons and systems for airplanes. Travel and commerce would be much slower without the usage of airplanes. Orville and Wilbur have made a lasting impact on the world with their invention of a working, human-controlled, powered airplane; who knows what the world would be without it.
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- Explains that neither of the brothers attended college, but instead, ventured forward in becoming entrepreneurs. their success in the bicycle business led to their nickname, "the wright brothers," and produced a reputation for their mechanical designs.
- Explains how the invention of the man-controlled, powered aircraft affected the united states' entry into world war ii.
- Explains how the invention of powered aircraft pave the way for research in areas such as reconnaissance, bombing, helicopters, and even astronautics.
- Explains that neither of the brothers attended college, but instead, ventured forward in becoming entrepreneurs. their success in the bicycle business led to their nickname, "the wright brothers," and produced a reputation for their mechanical designs.
- Explains how the invention of the man-controlled, powered aircraft affected the united states' entry into world war ii.
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- Explains that without the invention of the airplane, the united states would be radically different. aviation changed the manner in which trade goods and people are transported, making the world a smaller place.
- Opines that orville and wilbur wright's invention of a working, powered airplane brought about new ways of wars, including new strategies for offense and defense.
- Explains that wilbur and orville wright were the first to experience controlled, continuous flight of a powered airplane in history.
- Describes how the wright brothers discovered the key missing component to human flight—a practical, working, control system.
2029 wordsRead More - The Wright Brothersexplanatory essayThe world was changed on December 17, 1903 when Orville Wright flew the first airplane for a period of 12 seconds. Orville, born in 1871 and his brother Wilbur, born in 1867 grew up in Dayton Ohio with two other brothers, Reuchlin and Lorin and one sister Katherine. They grew up in a loving family, which helped the brothers with the success in their future. Many people are not aware that much of their knowledge that went into the makings of the airplane came from their mother Susan and the bicycle repair shop they owned. Interestingly, Wilbur and Orville were not the men who first thought of flying. In the 16th century, Leonardo de Vinci had thoughts of a “flying machine” that was ahead its time, though aeronautical science was still in its infancy. They proceeded to develop new scientific information and practical applications. Wilbur’s confidence in the advancements of aviation is reflected in the following statement said in 1899 “ I am convinced that flight is both possible and practical.” Wilbur and Orville Wright made history with the invention of the first effective airplane and changed the world of aviation.
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- Describes how orville and wilbur wright made history with the invention of the first effective airplane and changed the world of aviation.
- Explains that milton and susan katherine wright raised their five children in ohio and iowa. milton's ecclesiastical career caused the family to move around frequently.
- Explains that george cayley, otto lilienthal, and samuel pierpont langley had little impact on the process of building the airplane.
- Describes how orville and wilbur wright made history with the invention of the first effective airplane and changed the world of aviation.
- Explains that milton and susan katherine wright raised their five children in ohio and iowa. milton's ecclesiastical career caused the family to move around frequently.
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- Describes how wilbur realized the necessary elements to make his own glider, including wings for lift, power source for propulsion, and a main system controlling it.
- Describes how orville wright was the first man to fly in an airplane. they were issued a patent for their invention in 1905 and began manufacturing airplanes and engines.
- Explains that airplanes have come a long way since the makings of the wright brothers. in 1927, lindbergh flew across the atlantic ocean to paris in 39.5 hours.
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- Explains that the humble aeroplane has become a staple of everyday life for the majority of us. they are used for transportation of goods, recreation, military, and research.
- Explains that the history of the aeroplane dates back to around 400 b.c. in greece with the greek legend of icarus where the first flying device was created.
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- Explains that the humble aeroplane has become a staple of everyday life for the majority of us. they are used for transportation of goods, recreation, military, and research.
- Explains that the history of the aeroplane dates back to around 400 b.c. in greece with the greek legend of icarus where the first flying device was created.
- Explains how george cayley's replica glider research on the way birds fly and their wing design led to the development of aeronautics.
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- Explains that the need for air-transport made it desirable due to world war i as many retired bombers were turned into commercial airliners. british aviation company de havilland built a ten passenger plane that seated it occupants in comfort.
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1127 wordsRead More - Essay On Airplane Flightanalytical essayCruising on a seven-forty-seven, a frequent occurrence in current American society, but a pretty young industry in the broad scope of the United States’ history. It was only a little over one hundred years ago that the first airplane glided for twelve seconds. The impact of air travel can clearly be examined by looking at how humanity operated and communicated without it, how flight was innovated, and how the aviation industry changed different aspects of american life on a national scale.
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- Explains that before 1903, americans relied solely on boats, trains, and cars to get to their desired destination. with the addition of a mechanical advantage, man came up with boating.
- Explains that the idea of flight can be traced back thousands of years ago. revelation describes the sighting of an angel in midair.
- Examines the impact of air travel by looking at how humanity operated and communicated without it, how flight was innovated, and how the aviation industry changed different aspects of american life.
- Explains that before 1903, americans relied solely on boats, trains, and cars to get to their desired destination. with the addition of a mechanical advantage, man came up with boating.
- Explains that the idea of flight can be traced back thousands of years ago. revelation describes the sighting of an angel in midair.
- Describes how the wright brothers, orville and wilbur, succeeded in creating a flying machine. they were two bicycle manufacturers with the urge to invent.
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- Describes how wilbur and orville worked hard to design wings for flight. they found that birds tilted their wings to simulate balance and control, and developed a concept called "wing warping."
- Describes the wright brothers as engineers and pioneers of aviation. wilbur wright was born april 16, 1867, near millville, indiana.
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- Describes how wilbur and orville worked hard to design wings for flight. they found that birds tilted their wings to simulate balance and control, and developed a concept called "wing warping."
- Describes how wilbur and orville became celebrities in europe, hosted by royals and heads of state, and featured in the press. the wright brothers became wealthy businessmen, filling contracts for airplanes.
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- Explains that milton wright was a bishop born on 1828, on his father's farm in rush county, indiana. he was the father of orville and willbur wright, husband of susan catherine koerner.
- Describes how milton wright married susan koerner, his "future wife," after he fell ill and had to return to his farm. he was ordained as a "circuit preacher" in 1856.
688 wordsRead More - Wilbur And Orville Wright: The Fathers Of Modern Aviationexplanatory essayWilbur and Orville Wright are known as “the Fathers of Modern Aviation.” Wilbur and Orville Wright came from a family with five children. Their father, Milton Wright, was a bishop and often traveled around as a result. Their mother was Susan Catherine Koerner and their father brought toys for their children when he comes back from his trips. Wilbur was born on April 16, 1867 and Orville was born in 1871. In 1878, when Wilbur was about 11 years old and Orville was about 7 years old, their father brought back a small model helicopter. It peaked their interest so much that this gift from their father helped develop their love of aeronautics. The model helicopter was made of materials such
In this essay, the author
- Explains that wilbur and orville wright are known as "the fathers of modern aviation." their father, milton wright, was a bishop, and their mother was susan catherine koerner.
- Describes how wilbur and orville were inspired by otto lilienthal, a german aviator, to design their own glider. they flew the first mechanized airplane on december 17, 1903.
- Explains that wilbur wright died of typhoid fever on may 30, 1912, and orville died at 76. the wright brothers never let fame get in between of their relationship. they only flew once together because their father was afraid of losing both of them.
- Explains that wilbur and orville wright are known as "the fathers of modern aviation." their father, milton wright, was a bishop, and their mother was susan catherine koerner.
- Describes how wilbur and orville were inspired by otto lilienthal, a german aviator, to design their own glider. they flew the first mechanized airplane on december 17, 1903.
- Explains that wilbur wright died of typhoid fever on may 30, 1912, and orville died at 76. the wright brothers never let fame get in between of their relationship. they only flew once together because their father was afraid of losing both of them.
697 wordsRead More - Airplanes; The Invention of and How They Flyexplanatory essayMost everyone assumes the Wright brothers were the first people to create a flying craft. After all, the slogan on all North Carolina vehicle license plates reads “First in Flight,” which is true in the aspect of human flight. However, the first artificial wing was created by an English gentleman by the name of Geoprge Cayley in 1799 (Highfield). In the 18th and 19th centuries scientist as well as the public laughed at the possibility of flying using an artificial wing. Cayley paid no attention to all of the negative rhetoric and continued his experiments, building more sophisticated flying machines until 1853 when he made a full scale glider flown by his grandson (Highfield). He tried including combustion engines into his flying machines with no success. It was 50 years later the Wright brothers would include t...
In this essay, the author
- Explains that a pilot doesn't have to be an aeronautical engineer to learn to fly an airplane, but it's good to have good knowledge of aerodynamics and flight theory.
- Explains that the wright brothers were the first people to create a flying craft. the first artificial wing was created by geoprge cayley in 1799 (highfield).
- Explains that lift is the force that directly opposes the weight of an airplane and holds it in the air. wings help to develop most of the lift due to their design.
- Explains that a pilot doesn't have to be an aeronautical engineer to learn to fly an airplane, but it's good to have good knowledge of aerodynamics and flight theory.
- Explains that the wright brothers were the first people to create a flying craft. the first artificial wing was created by geoprge cayley in 1799 (highfield).
- Explains that lift is the force that directly opposes the weight of an airplane and holds it in the air. wings help to develop most of the lift due to their design.
- Explains that drag comes in two forms, parasite and induced. parasite drag is caused by things that are attached to the airplane and is beyond the control of the pilot.
- Explains that induced drag is the inevitable result of lift development. it changes depending on the angle at which the airplane is flying through the air.
- Explains that the propeller turns because it is connected to an engine. as the pilot increases power in the engine, more thrust is created.
- Explains that an airplane is designed to help the natural occurrence of lift, drag, and thrust, but a pilot must know about the makeup of the airplane itself and how they can be used to control the aircraft.
- Illustrates how a properly trimmed aircraft makes it easier for pilots to fly with.
- Explains that the airplane's wings have deflectors on them called ailerons, which raise or lower depending on which way the pilot turns the control wheel or the stick.
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- Describes the works of eberhardt, david anderson, and scott. how airplanes fly.
1611 wordsRead More - Wright Brothers: The First Motorized Aircraftcomparative essayThe Wright brothers made the first motorized aircraft, that flew a distance of 852 feet in 59 seconds.To make this happen the Wright brothers had to put a lot of thought into it, some of the important details that were key to making the airplane fly where, the wings, propulsion system and engine.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that the wright brothers made the first motorized aircraft, that flew a distance of 852 feet in 59 seconds.
- Explains the dimensions of the wing span is 40 feet, and the wright brothers had to make the wings longer to compensate for the engine weight on the opposite side.
- Explains that the wright brothers used hatchets and draw knives to carve the propellers, and the ends of the blades were wrapped with fabric to stop the wood from splitting.
- Explains that the wright brothers made the first motorized aircraft, that flew a distance of 852 feet in 59 seconds.
- Explains the dimensions of the wing span is 40 feet, and the wright brothers had to make the wings longer to compensate for the engine weight on the opposite side.
- Explains that the wright brothers used hatchets and draw knives to carve the propellers, and the ends of the blades were wrapped with fabric to stop the wood from splitting.
- Explains that the airplane had a 4 cylinder engine with an aluminum crankcase. the engine was cooled with water and the gas was gravity fed.
- Concludes that the wright brothers put a lot of thought into the wings, propulsion system, and the engine of the first motorized airplane.
336 wordsRead More - The History and Development of Aircraftanalytical essayThe history of the plane started with a dream by Wilbur and Orville Wright. They had a dream to travel in the air, so they sold their bicycle shop and started to invent the airplane. The wright brothers, Orville and Wilbur were the first to set up the design and fly the heavier than air aircraft. They accomplished their dream in 1903, where they are the first recorded flight in the air with control and power. The flight at the time of trial only lasted a little longer than 10 seconds; however, history was made. They accomplished something that few at that time could have ever imagined being possible.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that the invention of the aircraft has changed in shape and size since the wright brothers' design. it allows people to travel farther and move faster.
- Describes how the wright brothers, orville and wilbur, were the first to set up the design and fly the heavier than air aircraft. they accomplished their dream in 1903.
- Explains that the first commercial flight took place in 1914, the st-petersburg-tampa boat airline. without intrastate roads, trips would take a day or longer.
- Explains that the invention of the aircraft has changed in shape and size since the wright brothers' design. it allows people to travel farther and move faster.
- Describes how the wright brothers, orville and wilbur, were the first to set up the design and fly the heavier than air aircraft. they accomplished their dream in 1903.
- Explains that the first commercial flight took place in 1914, the st-petersburg-tampa boat airline. without intrastate roads, trips would take a day or longer.
- Analyzes how amelia earhart broke the gender barrier by expressing her love for traveling by air.
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- Explains that commercial flight was not really used until post-world war 2 because better technology was coming out after the war, making the planes better, faster, and more comfortable to be on.
- Explains that without the faa, air travel would be difficult to track and maintain and cause more accidents. air travel is the safest form of travel in the world, even safer than traveling in a household car.
- Opines that traveling would be different today without the invention by the wright brothers. the evolution of the airplane has changed the way that people look at travelling in the early 20th century.
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- Explains that the royal air force was formed on april 1st, 1918. it would forever change the history of the world.
- Explains how general jan christian smuts, of the royal flying corps, explained the importance of airplanes and how they would create a new form of warfare in the skies.
- Opines that aerial operations with their devastation of enemy lands and destruction of industries and populous centres on a vast scale may become one of the principal operations of war.
- Explains that the royal air force was formed on april 1st, 1918. it would forever change the history of the world.
- Explains that the history of aerial flight is often looked at from the perspective of the great moments, but many less than stellar moments have perhaps shaped the formation of aviation in ways that may have been overlooked.
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- Explains that major general trenchard saw the airplane as an offensive weapon that could win the war. german bombers, gothas and giants, exposed the weakness of the rfc and rnas.
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- Analyzes how the battle of britain was an escalation of exchanges between the german and british pilots, with losses on each side totaling up each and every day.
- Analyzes how the raf counterattacked berlin with scattered bombing runs, which caused little stir in the nazi leaders, as many thought of them as a crippling and scattered force.
- Explains that the allies looked towards germany to cripple or destroy its military capacity to produce oil, munitions, and aircraft. the crippling of the luftwaffe was a crucial component to the war.
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1917 wordsRead More - The Discovery of High-Speed Manned Flight and Machanalytical essayThis report analyses and discusses the discovery of high-speed manned flight and ‘Mach’ - in particular research and aviation breakthroughs relating to the specified topics.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that bell aircraft was introduced to sponsor and aid design and construction of the aircraft, but the army's interests had differing objectives.
- Explains that it was to attempt supersonic flight early in testing to prove the sound barrier was breakable.
- Describes how the bell xs-1 and pilot chuck yeager became the first aircraft in the world to break the speed of sound.
- Explains that bell aircraft was introduced to sponsor and aid design and construction of the aircraft, but the army's interests had differing objectives.
- Explains that it was to attempt supersonic flight early in testing to prove the sound barrier was breakable.
- Describes how the bell xs-1 and pilot chuck yeager became the first aircraft in the world to break the speed of sound.
- Cites swatton, peter j. 2010, principles of flight for pilots, accessed 21 may 2014, page 207.
- Analyzes and discusses the discovery of high-speed manned flight and ‘mach’ - in particular research and aviation breakthroughs relating to the specified topics.
- Describes the purpose of the project, which is to have a maximum speed of mach 1, but primarily to fly safely at high speed.
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In this essay, the author
- Explains how aerodynamics is summed up in terms of "lift against weight" and "thrust against drag". airplanes have 4 engines, which can exert up to 200 psi of air, composed of liquid fuel cylinders, and internal combustion.
- Explains that the top is at a specific curved angle cutting down air pressure, which should produce the right amount of air speed to reach the tip of the wing at the same time.
- Explains the basic control moves of a plane: pitch, roll, and yawn. the elevators control pitch and the rudders in the back control the plane.
- Explains how aerodynamics is summed up in terms of "lift against weight" and "thrust against drag". airplanes have 4 engines, which can exert up to 200 psi of air, composed of liquid fuel cylinders, and internal combustion.
- Explains that the top is at a specific curved angle cutting down air pressure, which should produce the right amount of air speed to reach the tip of the wing at the same time.
- Explains the basic control moves of a plane: pitch, roll, and yawn. the elevators control pitch and the rudders in the back control the plane.
623 wordsRead More - Physics in Aircraftscomparative essayMany people are amazed with the flight of an object, especially one the size of an airplane, but they do not realize how much physics plays a role in this amazing incident. There are many different ways in which physics aids the flight of an aircraft. In the following few paragraphs some of the many ways will be described so that you, the reader, will realize physics at work in the world of flight.
In this essay, the author
- Explains how physics plays a role in the flight of an aircraft, and describes the various ways in which it aids it.
- Explains that an airplane flies because air moving over and under its surfaces, particularly its wings, travels at different velocities, producing a difference in air pressure.
- Explains bernoulli's principle, which states that as the speed of a moving fluid increases, the pressure within that fluid decreases. this principle also covers the flow over surfaces, such as airplane wings.
- Explains how physics plays a role in the flight of an aircraft, and describes the various ways in which it aids it.
- Explains that an airplane flies because air moving over and under its surfaces, particularly its wings, travels at different velocities, producing a difference in air pressure.
- Explains bernoulli's principle, which states that as the speed of a moving fluid increases, the pressure within that fluid decreases. this principle also covers the flow over surfaces, such as airplane wings.
- Explains that lift is influenced by a variety of things, such as area, tilt of the wing, and on the speed of an aircraft.
- Explains that drag is the force that tends to retard the motion of the airplane through the air. it is reduced by streamlining the aircraft and placing slots in the wing.
- Concludes that they hope the previous paragraphs have given them the knowledge that everyone dealing with physics or airplanes should possess.
674 wordsRead More - Structure And Structural Analysis Of An Aircraft Structuresexplanatory essayThe important factors to be take into consideration in aircraft structures are strength, weight and reliability which determine the requisites to be met by any material used in construction or repair of the aircraft. Airframes must be light in weight and strong. All materials used in construction of an aircraft must be reliable. Reliability minimizes the possibility of hazardous and unexpected failures. Many forces and structural stresses act on an aircraft when in flight and on ground. When it on ground, the force of gravity engenders weight, which is fortified by the landing gear. The landing gear absorbs the forces imposed on the aircraft by takeoffs and landings. Any maneuver that causes acceleration or deceleration during flight increases the forces and stresses on the wings and fuselage. Stresses that act on the wings, fuselage and landing gears are tension, compression, bending, shear and torsion. The stres...
In this essay, the author
- Explains that aircraft structures are usually built from components like wings, fuselages, tail units, engines, flight controls surfaces, stabilizers and main rotor assembly. a good aircraft structure provides all the strength and rigidity to sanction the aircraft to meet its design requisites.
- Explains the importance of strength, weight, and reliability in aircraft structures. reliability minimizes the possibility of hazardous and unexpected failures.
- Explains the basic stresses acting on an aircraft. tension is the stress that tends to pull things apart.
- Explains that aircraft structures are usually built from components like wings, fuselages, tail units, engines, flight controls surfaces, stabilizers and main rotor assembly. a good aircraft structure provides all the strength and rigidity to sanction the aircraft to meet its design requisites.
- Explains the importance of strength, weight, and reliability in aircraft structures. reliability minimizes the possibility of hazardous and unexpected failures.
- Explains the basic stresses acting on an aircraft. tension is the stress that tends to pull things apart.
- Explains that compression is the stress that tends to push materials together and squeeze it. the landing gear struts are under constant compression stress when the airplane is on ground.
- Explains that shear stress is caused by forces inclining to slip or slide one part of a material in deference to another part.
- Explains that the combined effect of tension and compression is called bending. the lower side of the spar is subjected to tension, while the upper side is
- Explains that torsion is engendered in an engine crankshaft while the engine is running. torsional stresses result from a convoluting force.
- Explains that wings undergo a wide variety of aerodynamic, turbulence, gust, ground and flight loads. wings are storage chambers for fuel and have engines mounted below the wing.
- Explains the different kinds of wing ribs characterized in the way they are manufactured — forged, milled, and truss.
- Explains that wing panels define the external shape of the wing with a specific thickness attached to them.
- Explains that the fuselage is the housing chamber of passengers, crew, weapons, aircraft systems, payload and also links the wing to the tail section.
1251 wordsRead More - Analysis Of Aircraft Dragexplanatory essayIn this paper aircraft drag is considerably reduced by a design and change in deflection of wing even with the increase in speed of aircraft. Aircraft drag depends on the aspect ratio of the wing, thus by reducing the surface area and twisting the wing about its vertical axis (pivoted axis) to a particular angle without compromising the lift force generated, the drag force was considerably reduced. As a result a speed of 0.3 mach was raised to 1.2 mach experimentally non-symmetrical wing of various length nearer to 1m is designed, analyzed and deflected from its pivoted section, drag produced around the wing is drastically reduced. Drag produced at different angle is compared with the drag produced at 00 deflections and by reducing
In this essay, the author
- Explains that aircraft drag is reduced by a design and change in deflection of wing even with the increase in speed of aircraft.
- Explains that an aerofoil is the shape of a wing with low coefficient of drag.
- Explains that selig s4320 is a low reynolds number aerofoil based on maximum lift and minimum drag.
- Explains that aircraft drag is reduced by a design and change in deflection of wing even with the increase in speed of aircraft.
- Explains that an aerofoil is the shape of a wing with low coefficient of drag.
- Explains that selig s4320 is a low reynolds number aerofoil based on maximum lift and minimum drag.
- Explains that the component of the force perpendicular to the direction of motion is called lift, and the components parallel to it are called drag. the drag comes from forces due to pressure distributions over the body surface.
- Explains that for every aerodynamic body there is a relationship between cd and cl, which can be expressed as an equation or plotted. both the equation and graph are called drag polar.
- Explains that drag coefficient is to quantify the drag or resistance of an object in a fluid environment.
- Explains that xflr5 is an analysis tool for airfoils, wings, and planes operating at low reynolds numbers.
- Explains wing design and analysis capabilities based on lifting line theory, vortex lattice method, and 3d panel method.
- Explains that lift is a component of this force that is perpendicular to the oncoming flow direction, and contrasts with the drag force.
- Explains lift-induced drag or vortex drag, or sometimes drags due to lift, occurs whenever a moving object redirects the airflow coming at it.
- Explains that computational fluid dynamics uses numerical methods and algorithms to solve and analyze problems that involve fluid.
- Explains that the wing is designed with airfoil s4320 in catia and its velocity and pressure distirbition are analysed in computational fluid dynamics.
- Explains that the wing is tilted at 300 angle with normal axis, and the pressure distribution is shown higher at leading edge.
- Explains that at zero degree of aoa the velocity contours are same as symmetrical.
- Explains that at 300 degree of aoa the velocity increases with the increase in angle and is increased towards the leading edge and velocity increase compared to wing at zero degree
- Explains an oblique wing, which rotates on center pivot, to reduce drag at high speed without sacrificing low-speed performance. at low mach numbers induced drag dominates drag concerns.
- Analyzes the airfoil characteristics, such as co-efficient of lift and drag, with the angle of attack, for the selected aircraft s4320.
- Explains that the critical angle of tilting the wing with respect to the longitudinal axis lies between 50 and 60 degrees. further implementation of this concept into an aircraft requires the tail contribution.
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