A fundamental truth in construction is that every project is unique. As a result, every project presents new challenges as well as new opportunities for owners, designers and constructors. In recent history, the predominant delivery system for construction projects has separated the design and construction portions of the project, but several others are used as well. A number of studies have been performed which have attempted to quantify the relative benefits of each approach. Some useful results have been obtained, but overall the results have been inconclusive. The selection of a delivery system depends upon a number of factors including the general project requirements, the experience level of the owner, budget, time constraints and many others. Careful selection of a delivery system that best suits the project is perhaps the most important decision an owner will make on a project. The extra attention and effort put into the initial phases of the project can yield a smoother, faster, safer and ultimately more profitable result.
Historically, a number of different delivery systems have been used on construction projects. The four main systems used today are known as: Design-bid-build, CM (construction management) agency, CM at risk and Design Build.
The design-bid-build method is performed in the three distinct phases of design, construction and commissioning, with little overlap between the first two in particular. This process begins when an owner retains an architect to develop a design which meets their performance and budget specifications. An important note is that there is typically no constructor involvement during the design process and that the cost estimates provided by the architect are often very rough. The inherent lack of constructor input during the design process is a key weakness of the design-bid-build delivery method. In fact, constructor involvement begins following the completion of the design documents in a process of competitive bidding. The complete construction documents are made available to a number of competing contractors and the one who returns the lowest cost for responsible completion is awarded the project. The main benefit of this delivery system is that it removes any appearance of impropriety in the awarding of contracts. It has also been traditionally believed that the design-bid-build method yields the lowest possible cost. Recent successes of alternative delivery methods however, have challenged this assumption. The design-bid-build approach provides a transparent and simple to understand delivery system best suited for inexperienced owners or agencies legally bound to its use.
As the United States economy struggles through a sluggish time with the stock market dropping and unemployment rising, being competitive in the job market has become extremely important among professionals. Engineers are no exception. For most engineering firms, being competitive and successful requires obtaining design projects offered by companies in other fields. These projects can range from designing heating and ventilation systems for office buildings to water systems for cities to computer networks for businesses—the list of possibilities and disciplines is extensive. To get these jobs, engineers must make a bid proposal for the project. Bidding involves estimating the entire cost of the project, including the designing and building processes, as well as the materials and labor. Usually, the company with the lowest bid and the best plan gets the job. The ethical issue in this process is determining the cheapest building materials and construction procedures possible without compromising public safety.
Moving away from the functional silo structures to the pure project structure works well in some industries such as the construction industry. It entails a fixed ...
"For the first time since the plantation days artists began to touch new material, to understand new tools and to accept eagerly the challenge of Black poetry, Black song and Black scholarship."1
This project took me through the history, training, and a day on the job. It could not have been a better experience, and this project proved that a career in construction management is a real possibility in the future. The history of construction management was not a shock, but it was a little bit of a reality check. It is common knowledge that the human race has been building things since the beginning of time, but what is extraordinary is to think about how far the world has come over the thousands of years. Men and women started living in small huts.
By eliminating uncertainty and ambiguity between the contractor and the contracting officers, the government could get rid of the divergent interpretations that inflate the cost. Realizing it is to the contractor’s advantage to pass on all expenses it can to the buyer in order to maximize profits every opportunity to clarify criteria for cost, reduce disagreement, and set clear limits are necessary. The difficulty in writing a contract to get rid of all unexpected cost is evident but doing it will cut down on the confusion over the life of the agreement. Defining costs allowed and which are not along with potential penalties for delayed service delivery will yield a better
The builder supervises, coordinates, and works on the construction or maintenance of houses and other buildings. In addition to doing some work, some Builders also manage the entire project. This may include arrangements for subcontractors to perform specific tasks and to ensure that the project complies with industry and government regulations and customer requirements. Builder contains two kinds of domestic builder and commercial builder. This report will show the legal requirements and obligations of a builder and a builder should have the right.
Building Construction procedures involve the erection of various types of structures. The major trend in present-day construction continues away from handcrafting at the building site and toward on-site assembly of even larger, more integrated subassemblies manufactured away from the site. Construction in the United States is the product of a diverse group of subindistries, with many individuals and organizations involved in the construction of a single structure, from the manufacture of necessary components to final assembly. The major elements of a building are as follows: (1) the foundation, which supports the building and provides stability; (2) the structure, which supports all the imposed loads and transmits them to the foundation; (3) the exterior walls, which may or may not be part of the primary supporting structure; (4) the interior partitions, which also may or may not be part of the primary structure; (5) the environmental- control systems, including the heating, ventilating, air-conditioning, lighting, and acoustical systems; (6) the vertical transportation systems, including elevators, escalators, and stairways; (7) communications, which may include such subsystems as intercommunications, public address , and closed-circuit television, as well as the more usual telephone wiring systems; and (8) the power, water supply, and waste disposal systems.
The projects in today’s world are given a lot of importance and it will continue to grow in the coming years. There are a lot of companies which do not have production, but all of them do have projects. There are a lot of books which have been published on which related to planning and managing the projects. The one of the most important one was published by the author Eli Goldratt in his book ‘Critical chain’. This book basically talks and shows how the application of theory of constraints in the field of project management. The novel is basically based on one of the MBA classes in America where a number of ideas are developed in discussions among the students and the lecturers. The lecturer is basically fighting for a tenure with the president of the university who expects a downturn in the executive MBA. The lecturer who teaches project management has a word with one the senior colleagues and project management was the right topic to teach. There were three students who were placed in the project management team of their company which manufactures electronic products. The students are enrolled in this MBA class along with other students, here they discover a new approach to project management which is known as the
Vrijhoef, R. and Koskela, L. (2004) ‘The four roles of supply chain management in construction’, European Journal of Purchasing & Supply Management, 6(3-4), pp. 169-178 ScienceDirect [Online]. Available at: http://www.sciencedirect.com/ (Accessed: 6 February 2010).
- Rockart, J.F., 1979, "Chief executives define their own data needs", Harvard Business Review, 57, 2, 81-93.
The topic of my group (group 4) was “How to totally float through your project for free” and the presentation was held by Roger Goodman who works for PMI NZ and Ernst & Young supply chain management with many years of working experience in many different countries such as Saudi Arabia and China.
When trying to design for automated construction systems, all parameters of a construction process must be integrated accurately and constantly to satisfy relevant parties, and finally, the quality of construction materials and products in terms of geometry, physical and design aspects will be changed. In order to reach automated construction goals, all the following aspects have to be fulfilled:
(hazreeni,azam, 2010). In the process, by using the conventional method of construction the project is a first choice from many small contractors are reluctant to adopt IBS system. It may the small contrctor was using conventional method compared the new method. (Kamar, Alshnawi, and hamid, 1779). It may financial issues become the main obstacle for small contractors to move forward with the IBS system (Kamar, Alshnawi, and hamid, 1779). This because of the structure of IBS is highest cost.
The physical- financial entity is a balance of two different components working towards the same common goal. Each one has their areas of focus and attributes to contribute to the project. If one has more influence than the other, an imbalance could occur and result in problems with the development and its success. The physical side must work with the architects, engineers, and construction team to create the schematic design and budget possibilities for the project in the predevelopment stage. This will include alternatives and rough preliminary designs. When the development moves over to the document development stage, they become responsible for the construction documents, budgeting, and schedules for the actual construction of the project. The financial side of the development involves the business side of the project. This is where the market and marketability studies will be conducted and various feasibility and investment analysis reports will be submitted. The financial entity of the development will continue to work through the predevelopment and document development stages to put forth the best suited analysis for the market, feasibility, and marketability studies.
There are several advantages of this traditional route in the construction industry. First, the designs are completed before tender and tender can provide good time and cost control. Also, the tenderer can receive complete information and design and they can be bidding on the same basis, so the competitive is fair. Moreover, this is design-led and the client can change the design ability, so the level of functionality and quality will be increased in the overall design. And then, it is relatively easy of variations to arrange and manage if the design will be changed because client’s needs and technology. Also, traditional paths are a tried and tested route, so it is well established and the market is very familiar with. Furthermore, it is good price certainty at the award of the contract because of full set information.