to explain the difference between these four substances and hopefully it will clear up some of the confusion. Sulfa Drugs (Sulfonamides) Sulfa drug is any member of a group of synthetic antibiotics containing the sulfanilamide
The controversy regarding the sub-therapeutic use of antibiotics in animal feeds is that “super-bugs” are able to evolve. This is a threat to both the health of the animals and humans. What a “super-bug” refers to is a strain of bacteria that has evolved to be resistant to bacteria and lethal to the host organism. These super-bugs account for the death of roughly 48,000 Americans each year (Adams, 2013). These superbugs proliferate in the digestive tracts of hosts. Each dose of antibiotics in
made in the early 19th century in Switzerland by Vieusseux (1805), in Massachusetts by Danielson and Mann (1806), and in the early 20th century in Africa. In the nineteenth century, meningococcal infections were treated using serum therapy and sulfonamides introduced by Flex... ... middle of paper ... ...db=cmedm&AN=23240160 Oppenheim, B. (1997). Antibiotic resistance in Neisseria meningitidis. Clinical Infectious Diseases: An Official Publication Of The Infectious Diseases Society Of America
successful identification of an unknown substance. This is based on the principle that many compounds with identical retention characteristics have different mass spectra and in this way can be differentiated. The... ... middle of paper ... ...of sulfonamides. RSC publishing. 30:471-478 GATES, P. 2005. High performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS). Organic Chemistry Unit-Bristol Research Centre LAST, R.L., JONES, A.D. & SHACHAR-HILL, Y. 2007. Towards the plant metabolome
The Holocaust, meaning destruction or slaughter on a large scale led by Adolf Hitler, was the mass killing of Jews, communists, political prisoners, gypsies, homosexuals, and anyone else that Hitler thought worthy of slaughtering. The target for this mass killing was all of the Jews of the world. The result of this action taken by Hitler and the other Nazis was over six million victimized before Hitler was defeated in 1945 at the age of 56 years old. The majority of the killings took place in large
Chlamydia (STD) ľ Chlamydia trachoma is a sexually transmitted disease that is transmitted by direct contact through oral, vaginal and anal intercourse and is also transmitted to newborns through vaginal birth by an infected mother. This disease is not passed on by indirect contact, such as a toilet seat. ľ Chlamydia trachoma is biologically active in vaginal and penile secretions and fluids. ľ The usual reservoir for C. trachoma is the mucous membranes of the body found in the genital region
Chlamydia Trachomatis Introduction: Chlamydia Trachomatis is the organism responsible for diseases such as trachoma and the STD Chlamydia. Chlamydia is the most common STD in the United States, with about 4 million new cases diagnosed every year. The Organism & it’s Life Cycle: Chlamydia are obligate intracellular parasites, and are among the smallest living organisms. There are two stages in the life of Chlamydia: elementary bodies and reticulate bodies. Another feature of Chlamydia is that
Interactions of Alcohol with Drug Therapy Ethanol, ethylic alcohol or simply alcohol is an organic substance with one or more hydroxil groups (-OH) [1]. For instance, it is used as a pharmaceutical compounds, in alcoholic beverages, as a dehydrating agent in labs and industries or as an antiseptic agent. Generally, ethanol is a CNS (central nervous system) depressant with anesthetic properties causing cognitive and motor damage at relatively low doses. Nevertheless ethanol in high doses can induce
1.1. INFECTIOUS DISEASES: Emerging Infectious Diseases (EIDS) are a disease of infectious origin whose incidence in humans has increased within the recent past threatens to increase in the near future. Over 30 new infectious agents have been detected worldwide in the last three decades; 60% of these are of zoonotic origin, and more than 2-3rds of these have originated in the wildlife (Dikid et al., 2013). The inevitable, but unpredictable, appearance of new infectious diseases has been recognized
Toxoplasmosis is an infection caused by the obligate intracellular parasite known as Toxoplasma gondii.1 It is estimated to be the leading cause of food-related deaths in the United States and it infects up to a third of the worldwide population. Incidence is highest in areas that are hot, humid and at a low elevation, all of which are characteristic of the southwestern US where the case patient, S.C., is from. 2,3 Cats are the common culprit as they become definitive hosts of the parasite after
What is an animal tested product? Is it a medicine? Or is it a cosmetic?Some people might think animal tested products as complicated stuffs. In fact, animal tested products are easily found around our lives. As animal testing is available in many uses, it has a long history and has been controversial for many years. Those who insist on abolition of experiments for animals argue that alternatives for animal testing exist. In addition, the protesters think that human’s anatomy and that of an animal
frankfurters, and clams. Which point out us by Web MD According to (April and Cynthia, el,2015 drug guide for nurses pp855). certain medicines, such as some used for cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, and seizures, will decrease levels of B12.(8) Sulfonamides will decrease the absorption of folic acid, he also highlighted, which is absorbed from the GI tract and for our patient who is diagnosed with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome and post total
War is the basis for lots of things such as hard feelings, pain, or loss. What most people seem to neglect war with is growth. There is no greater motivation for change than when your life or the lives of the people around you depend on it. I like to imagine that this how doctors felt during World War 2. The pressures of war spurred numerous medical advancements during the time of World War 2. Some of these medical procedures and/or used for certain drugs were not benefactory to our men in uniform
Phar 6724 Introduction to the Immune System and Infectious Disease Emerging Infectious Disease Assignment Spring Semester 2016 Over the last three decades, a significant number of new pathogens have been identified that have been responsible for localized epidemics and outbreaks. Some of these diseases have been widely publicized e.g. West Nile Virus & SARS Coronavirus, Zika virus, Ebola virus etc. One of the functions of the Centers for Disease Control is to conduct research and gather information
PENICILLIN: THE WONDER DRUG There are many different forms of antiseptics in the world today. One of the first effective antiseptic was penicillin. Penicillin was discovered in 1929 by Alexander Fleming. It was a complete accident. Penicillin became a very important drug during World War II. The importance of penicillin was not directly seen as it took years before a usable form would be developed. Penicillin, despite the setbacks, has led to many new discoveries. Manufacturing
Causal Agent: The Plague is caused by a bacterium known as Yersinia Pestis. Which “was discovered by Yersin (a french physician) in 1894” as stated by the Journal La Peste Bubonique. Yersinia Pestis is a gram negative bacterium which is a rod shaped coccobacillus. Clinical Disease: The Plague attacks in three different type of forms. The bubonic plague which is the most common type, leads one to death within 5 days if not treated or naturally cured. The bubonic plague normally results in the
I chose to compare the United Arab Emirates to Panama because both countries are experiencing significant economic growth even though many countries are experiencing problems with the economy. Both countries are located in close proximity to important regional waterways. The United Arab Emirates has the Straits of Hormuz, while Panama has the Panama Canal. The Strait of Hormuz is a waterway between the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf. It is bordered by Iran, United Arab Emirates, and Oman Musandam
What is Crohn’s Disease? I chose to research Crohn’s disease because one of my friend’s that I grew up with was diagnosed with Crohn’s disease and I would like to know more about it. Crohn’s disease is a chronic inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract (GI tract) that belongs to a group of conditions known as Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) (What is Crohn's Disease?, 2014). Crohn’s disease is classified as an autoimmune disorder because the antibodies that the body produces work against
Imagine it is the year 1940 and your father left for war a few months ago. Now your mother is leaving too, to fulfill her duty as an army nurse. You’re scared and do not know what these next few years will have in store for you. Throughout World War II women’s role in society increased tremendously, due to their help in the army and for their country. They went from cooking in their kitchen and doing house work to helping soldiers on the front lines. World War II changed the world in many different
I.ZnO/Eugenol based sealers: This group of sealers encompasses a large number of products, they have relatively the same composition, but with some additives to improve the properties of the sealer. The composition of ZOE sealers: Sealer Powder Liquid Rickert's sealer Zinc oxide (41.2 parts) Precipitated silver (30 parts) White resin (16 parts) Thymol iodide (12.8 parts) Oil of clove (78 parts) Canada balsam (22 parts) Grossman's Sealer Zinc oxide reagent (42 parts) Staybelite resin (27 parts) Bismuth