Free Model organism Essays and Papers

Model organisms Model organisms are organisms used in the study of genetic fundamental processes, serving as models for certain species and being studied by a community of scientists. One of their main characteristics is that they own some features that make them easy to be used in genetic experiments and can be breed in laboratories. Using them, there can be obtained information about species that cannot be studied directly (like humans). They have a simple structure and they are used to study

During the course of the past thirty years, the study of model organisms has become more significant in the study of embryological development. A model organism is a species that is easy to cultivate and monitor in a laboratory environment and is used to represent broad groups of organisms. Examples of successful and important model organisms include the Ascidia, Zebrafish, and Medeka species. Through intense researching of these organisms, scientists have been able to gain valuable insight into

human population, but it costs millions if not billions of dollars annually and is a long process that can take up to ten years to finish one medical trial. All drugs and treatments have to pass a model organism trial before being tested on humans in a clinical trial due to ethics in medicine. Model organisms are usually mammals, reptiles, or amphibians. Due to their many pros as lab animals, rats and mice have become very popular in the medical testing industry. In his article “The Mouse Trap: The dangers

A model organism is a non-human species that is extensively studied to understand particular biological phenomena. The observations are expected to provide insight into the workings of other organisms. When we study disease, development and genetics in biology, they need to be studied in vitro to see how these processes (i.e. pathways and signals) work. Studying these in humans could be considered unethical or unsafe, and very expensive. Model organisms provide insight that we can’t gain from lab

The next animal model for research is Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). C. elegans as a model organism for research in developmental biology is introduced by Sydney Brenner (Wood, 1988). Hope’s study that “Caenorhabditis elegans is a saprophytic nematode species that has often born described as inhabiting soil and leaf-litter environments in many parts of the world” (as cited in Leung et al., 2008, p. 5). According to Leung et al. (2008), the genetic manipulability, invariant and fully described

data. By taking an experiment that was done in mice and replicating it in C.elegans, could show how useful this model organism could be to finding a cure for Alzheimer’s. The hypothesis was supported, specifically for the strain Cl2122, and there was an increase in Aβ toxicity in the worms for those grown on high glucose plates. Overall, C.elegans can be more widely used as a model organism for Alzheimer’s

adrenaline or even genes that lead to aging (Aging Genes, 2008). The first aging theory is that our genes because damaged over time, which makes us age. Another theory is that some organisms are programmed in to their genes when to age, in other words, our genes have information on when to make us grow older. Some of the organisms can live in certain average of time, for examples, mice can only live for two years and a human is 75 years or older (Aging Genes, 2008). Researchers had testified worm Caenorhabditis

Have you ever wondered how would the world be, if we couldn’t search, analyze, and make an effort to discover a cure to all the illnesses that affects us? Researchers make use of some animals to better comprehend human body. Medical research should not be forbidden because animals are currently the only life form presented for researchers to test a medicine and it has brought gigantic medical advance. Humans and animals are the only existing being that can be used for research. Humans can sign an

Caenorhabditis elegans are free-living nematodes that live in soils rich in organic matter where they feed on bacteria and other microorganisms (Edgley, 2000). C. elegans are good model organisms for the study of aging because they have the advantage of being complex animals, with nervous, reproductive, and digestive systems, and yet so small that they can be treated like microorganisms. C. elegans live only two to three weeks, allowing for lifespan to be measured easily and for experiments to be

Drosophila and the cinnabar Gene Drosophila melanogaster, commonly known as fruit fly, is mainly used as a human disease model organism for genetic analysis. It was during the 20th century that D. melanogaster was considered as the most significant model organism. D. melanogaster is small in size, and it has a short life span with a good reproduction rate, perfect for raising in large number and generation counts for genetics experiments. Additionally, it has a small genome which makes it easier

plants. (Orkin) D. Melanogaster is a popular animal to use as a model organism--an organism commonly kept in the lab, which has been studied and has a lot of available information on it. Model organisms are called "model" because results of studies and experiences performed with them can often be generalized to humans or to other animals. Because they can be easily cultured at a low cost, D. Melanogaster is an extremely popular model organism; their simple genetic makeup of only four chromosomes lends

“Animals may be complete organisms, but they are the wrong ones.” Gericke, Corina. “Why animal experiments are not necessary.” According to Dr. Med. Vet. Gericke, Corina, “It is difficult to predict whether a human will react identically or differently based on the results of experiments conducted on animals. The diseases animals contract are much different from ours. And since most human diseases do not occur in animals, their symptoms are simulated using model organisms and have nothing in common

The development of the heart is a complicated process that implicates cell specification and differentiation, including tissue formation, shaping and alteration, to create a functional organ. The zebrafish has become a potential model system to disentangle the fundamental genetic, molecular, and cellular mechanisms of cardiac development and function. The liver is one of the essential organ in mammals. It performs many functions such as help the body digest food, store energy, and remove poisons

Pycroft shows that without animal testing science would not know a majority of the things it does. He thinks that animal testing helps humans learn more about their own bodies without having to test on themselves. Human testing was once a form of testing, but it was stopped when scientists decided to try using animals instead. Animals, chimpanzees especially, are the closest thing in DNA to humans, so it is necessary to test on them if science wants legitimate results. Animals are very human based

Animal Testing and Researching Animal testing is supported by some, but opposed to others. The growing number of animals used in research differs among the different countries. The fruit fly and nematode are the most used animal in testing. However, the most common mammals used in animal research are mice and rats. Shaved albino rabbits and guinea pigs suffer severe testing for skin irritancy and eye irritancy. Though the usage of non-human primates are outlawed in some countries, the U.S. still

INTRODUCTION Caenorhabditis elegans are nematodes that are feed on Escherichia coli. and live in free-living soil. C. elegans make good model organisms because they are small, they have a short life span, they reproduce quickly and have many offspring, they are easily and inexpensively grown in a laboratory, there is visible phenotypic differentiation between different genotypes, and there is much known about their genome. C. elegans have most major types of differentiated tissue which include; nerve

The term animal testing refers to procedures performed on living animals for purposes of research. The testing is used to research basic biology and diseases, to evaluate the efficiency of new medicinal products, and test the human health and environmental safety of consumer and industry products such as cosmetics, household cleaners, food additives, pharmaceuticals and industrial chemicals. All procedures, even those classified as “mild,” have the potential to cause the animals physical as well

Right now animals in laboratories are getting burned, and injected with different medicines. These animals have feelings too, and they have emotions just like you and I. They are feeling pain, fear and many more in a small cage that they can’t even move around. Maybe hurting these animals is to help find medicines for different diseases and sicknesses but there are other solutions and different ways to find them other than hurting and abusing these animals with chemicals. 3.5 billion animals a year

N.p., n.d. Web. 3 Apr. 2014. . Phillips, Jacqueline, Alison Hogan, and Erin Lynch. "Animals in Research: Rats." The Conversation: n. pag. The Conversation. Web. 3 Apr. 2014. . "Rat." Animal Research Info. N.p., n.d. Web. 3 Apr. 2014. . "Rat Cancer Models." National Cancer Institute. N.p., n.d. Web. 3 Apr. 2014. . "Should Animals Be Used for Scientific or Commercial Testing." ProCon. N.p., n.d. Web. 3 Apr. 2014. .

“Over 100 million animals are burned, crippled, poisoned and abused in United States experimental labs every year” (PETA). Throughout history, animal experimentation has played an important role in leading to new discoveries and human benefits. However, many individuals tend to forget the ample amount of animals that have suffered serious harm during the process of experimentation. What makes humans have the right to exploit innocent animals and often expose them to harm? Animal testing is simply