drug/antibiotic chloramphenicol. A variety of OD readings were taken and calculations made to determine the number of cells present after a given time. Then two graphs were plotted, Number of cells per unit volume versus Time in minutes and Log of the number of cells per unit volume versus Time growth curve. The final cell concentration for the control was 619,500 cells/mL. Four media, after calculations, produced fewer cells than that of the control, these were: Chloramphenicol producing 89,3
insert as either the cat gene or the kan gene. Experimental Design: The two modes of analysis that will be used to identify an unknown insert piece of DNA would be plating the transformation cells onto LA plates that have either ampicillin or chloramphenicol and PCR. We will use the PCR thermocycler to denature the restriction enzymes that were specifically used to assimilate the vector DNA. It is important to use the PCR thermocycler because denaturation of the restriction enzyme will prevent the
1. Describe the mode of actions of the drugs that interfere with protein synthesis. Antimicrobial drugs that block protein synthesis react with ribosomal-mRNA complexes. These drugs are safe only because bacterial ribosomes are different in size and structure compared to human ribosomes, however, they can damage human mitochondria since they can contain ribosomes like bacterial ribosomes. 2. Name and describe the actions of the aminoglycoside subgroup. Aminoglycosides are broad-spectrum drugs
often the drug of choice for people that are allergic to penicillin, and thus has similar uses (Nester, 2007). Chloramphenicol is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that prevents peptide bonds from being formed in bacterial cells; it has a low therapeutic index, however, so it is used a last-resort drug (Nester, 2007). Lincomycin has the same mechanism of bacterial growth control as chloramphenicol and is often used to treat severe bacterial infections. There were
Ampicillin Ampicillin disrupts the third and final stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding specific penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) that are inside the bacterial cell wall. Then facilitated by bacterial cell wall autolytic enzymes, cell lysis beings. Ampicillin is metabolized by Hydrolysis of the B-lactam ring to penicilloic acid. Microorganisms such as salmonella, Escherichia coli, campylobacter, shigella aquificae, thermotogae, chrysiogenetes, nitrospira, deferribacteres, other eubacteria
After the end of the experiment the unknown 10 sample was Staphylococcus epidermidis. Came to this conclusion by first beginning with a Gram Stain test. By doing this test it would be easier to determine which route to take on the man made flow chart. Gram positive and gram negative bacteria have a set of different tests to help determine the unknown bacterium. Based on the different tests that were conducted in lab during the semester it was determined that the blood agar, MSA, and catalase test
A.1. Statement of problem: Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is a nosocomial, gram-negative bacterium commonly associated with pneumonia, meningitis, bacteremia, wound and urinary tract infections [1,2,25]. These bacteria are capable of preventing desiccation allowing it to thrive before prolong periods on various wet or dry surfaces. As an opportunistic human pathogen, A. baumannii may colonize a patient without causing any infections or symptoms, especially in tracheostomy sites or open
Typhoid Fever Introduction: Typhoid fever is a bacterial infection of the intestinal tract and occasionally the bloodstream, and is from the Salmonella species. Risk of infection is greatest for travellers to developing countries who will have prolonged exposure to potentially contaminated food and beverages. Typhoid fever is a bacterial infection of the intestinal tract and occasionally the bloodstream. Symptoms: Fever as high as 103° to 104° F (39° to 40° C). , Severe headache , Insomnia
The expression of lac operon in each tube equals the amount of beta-galactosidase produced. Therefore, by looking at the amount of beta-galactosidase under different conditions collectively is a good way to understand the function of inducers and repressors in supervising the expression of lac operon and the control of gene expression generally. At the given time sets, CTAB was added to the tubes to kill the E. coli cells and lyse the cells to release its contents including galactosidase enzyme.
The Food and Drug Administration has played an important role in the American society known today. In fact the Food and Drug Administration affects every citizen of the United States. Its main goal is to ensure knowledge of products and protection to every citizen that range from atmospheric hazards to the medicine and food consumed in the United States. A strong workforce of inspectors is responsible for monitoring trading and safety standards in the food and drug industries. Although many tasks
he PMG animal that I chose was a Mini Rex rabbit, I chose a rabbit because is my favorite animal, and also because when I was little I used to have a lot of rabbits in my house, and I chose this kind of breed because I went to like a big sell of animals and the coat of this rabbit caught my attention a lot. This Code of Care is going to be about how to treat a rabbit and also give some tips of how to treat them.The Mini Rex rabbit is a very cute animal because of its coat, the amount of energy they
Explain the biochemistry behind the Citrate Utilization test – how does it work? 1) Describe the Kirby – Bauer test. What are bactericidal vs bacteriostatic, zone of inhibition, MIC, resistance breakpoint vs susceptibility breakpoint? The Kirby-Bauer test uses antibiotic-containing disks to test whether a specific bacterium is susceptible or resistant to specific antibiotics. Bactericidal are drugs that kill the organism. Bacteriostatic are drugs that stops the bacteria from diverging, but it does
1. Location: Mandritsara (Madagascar) 2. Diseases listed: Malaria, Dengue, Plague 3. Details of the outbreak On 10 December 2013, BBC news/Africa reported a deadly outbreak of bubonic plague in a village near Mandritsarad in the north-western part of Madagascar. The outbreak that occurred a week earlier, was revealed after the death of 20 people in the village. Tests conducted on the bodies by The Pasteur Institute in Madagascar certified that the death was related to the bubonic plague. Since
Amoxicillin is used to treat certain infections caused by bacteria, such as pneumonia; bronchitis; gonorrhea; and infections of the ears, nose, throat, urinary tract, and skin. It is also used in combination with other medications to eliminate H. pylori, a bacteria that causes ulcers. Amoxicillin is in a class of medications called penicillin-like antibiotics. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria. Antibiotics will not work for colds, flu, and other viral infections. How should this medicine
beta-lactam antibiotics due to containing penicillin-binding proteins. That means they are still able to combine cell wall components. There can be acquired resistance of Enterococci that comprises of resistance to penicillin by beta-lactamases, chloramphenicol, tetracyclines, rifampin, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, and vancomycin. There is a potential for cell-wall synthesis because the genes that encrypt intrinsic or acquired vancomycin resistance produce in a peptide to which vancomycin cannot
The treatment course the physician might prescribe to you will depend on whether you are pregnant or not. If you are pregnant the physician may prescribe a medication that is called chloramphenicol. If you are not pregnant the physician will most likely prescribe you Doxycycline which is the most effective treatment. If Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever goes untreated disease could lead to many health problems. Some of those health problems
The natural environment encompasses all living and non-living things occurring naturally; that means the air, water, minerals, organisms, and all other external factors surrounding and affecting a given organism at any time P. The term is most often applied to the Earth or some parts of Earth and it is full of natural resources that are necessary for us to live (Johnson et al., 1997). The environment matters because Earth is the only home that humans have, and it provides air, water, foods, and other
acid which will synthesize the healing and is very important for rapid cell growth and division as highlighted by (Elaine N & Katja H (2008 anatomy and physiology pp 643). As we all know drugs can interact with the condition also food for B12 Chloramphenicol and antineoplastic can reduce the hematologic response to it. Also, Colchicine, amino salicylic acid, cimetidine and excess intake of alcohol or vitamin C decreases oral effectiveness of B12 which is highlighted for us (April and Cynthia, el
Phar 6724 Introduction to the Immune System and Infectious Disease Emerging Infectious Disease Assignment Spring Semester 2016 Over the last three decades, a significant number of new pathogens have been identified that have been responsible for localized epidemics and outbreaks. Some of these diseases have been widely publicized e.g. West Nile Virus & SARS Coronavirus, Zika virus, Ebola virus etc. One of the functions of the Centers for Disease Control is to conduct research and gather information
The purpose of this assignment was to be informative on sensorineural hearing loss and how to prevent it, and what steps can be taken after the damage has been done. There has been a huge misconception with hearing loss, and I also have found myself uneducated in this topic. My first week in nursing school, we were assigned a seating arrangement. I was located next to a woman who has hearing loss and a hearing aid in both ears. At first I was worried that we wouldn’t be able to communicate, which