Mood Disorders are the result of severe or manic depression that occurs past a normal state of depression. When one has a normal depressed mood, he or she responds to the quandary of news or event in his or her own life however, are usually able to return to their normal state within a short time. Those who are diagnosed with a Mood Disorder are not able to return to their normal state. The DSM-IV segregates and identifies the distinctiveness of the mood disorders into axes that are then utilized in classifying the disorders to ensure the proper treatment associated for the sufferer. This technique assisted psychiatrists in efficiently rendering a fair diagnosis in moderate to severe disorders. There are more than ten million people diagnosed and affected with mood disorders in the United States per year. With such a large number of people who suffer from a Mood Disorder, it is unfortunate that further research for preventions and treatments are not done. (Zimmerman, 2002).
Tina’s story is a case of a woman who is showing signs of depression. To determine if Tina is having a major depressive episode (MDE) or if she suffers from Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) one needs to look more carefully at all of her symptoms. According to the DSM IV to receive a diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder one most have five or more of the following symptoms present during the same two week period for more than two months: depressed mood nearly every day and most of the day (in children and adolescents this can be seen as an irritable mood), loss of interest in activities they once enjoyed, significant weight changes, insomnia or hypersomnia almost every day, psychomotor agitation, fatigue or loss of energy, feelings of worthlessness an...
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(3) The stress from her work is another external factor that may have brought upon the irritability and feeling of not wanting to return to work. According to Thompson, Mata, Jaeggi, Buschkuehl, Jonides & Gotlib’s study they state “several factors may contribute to the high levels of instability of negative affect in depressed individuals… that depression status continued to be associated with instability of negative affect even after taking into account average levels of negative affect.”(3) This simply means that a personality variable such as anger, contempt, disgust, guilt, fear or nervousness can cause suicidal tendencies. Again, they, “… expect that group differences in emotional instability will be fully explained by the frequency or intensity of experienced significant events,”(3) which in Gracie’s case was her Ovarian surgery. Since menopause has previously been reported to cause psychological symptoms, this ovarian failure must be the first suspect. The patient had no pre-existing psychiatric illness preoperatively, but again given a more thorough exam we can provide her with a better clinical
This is due to the fact that you can be both manic and depressed, but not at the same time. Some key symptoms of mania are: sleeping very little but feeling extremely energized, grandiose beliefs about ones abilities, rapid talking, racing thoughts, increased goal oriented activity and inflated self esteem. In the documentary, Sam displayed all of the symptoms during his manic episodes. Some key symptoms of bipolar depression are: feeling worthlessness, sad or empty, thoughts of death or suicide, weight changes, sleep problems, difficulty concentrating, irritability, retardation and agitation. Sam displayed most but not all of these symptoms. He was feeling worthlessness, had thoughts of suicide, and had changes in his weight. More specifically, he gained weight during his depressed episodes. The main DSM-5 symptoms of bipolar depression are: depressed mood most of the day or nearly everyday, diminished interest or pleasure, significant weight loss or gain, insomnia or hypersomnia, psychomotor agitation, fatigue, feelings of worthlessness or guilt, thoughts of suicide and diminished ability to think or concentrate. The main character Sam showed significant signs of weight gain when he was in his depressed state. He also showed signs of feeling worthless. During a sit down with the filmmaker of the documentary, Sam was telling him that he felt empty and that he didn’t have pleasure or interest in much of anything. Sam later on in
The DSM-5 lists approximately 400 mental disorders, each one explains the criteria for diagnosing the disorder and key clinical features, and sometimes describes features that are often times not related to the disorder. The classification is further explained by the background information such as: research findings, age, culture, gender trends, and each disorder’s prevalence, risk, course, complications, predisposing factors, and family patterns (Comer, 2013, pp.100).... ... middle of paper ... ...
The psychiatrist recommended that she be admitted to a mental hospital for women, where she can rest and recover. Another sign of the Borderline Personality Disorder is c...
Bipolar disorder is a lifelong mood disorder characterized by periods of mania, depression, or a mixed manic-depressive state. The condition can seriously affect a person’s reasoning, understanding, awareness, and behavior. Acco...
Beck, A. T., Steer, R. A., & Brown, G. (1996). Beck Depression Inventory-II. Retrieved August 18, 2011from EBSCOhost.
Weisman, M.M., Livingston, B.M., Leaf, P.J., Florio, L.P., Holzer, C. (1991). Psychiatric Disorders in America. Affective Disorders. Free Press.
Bipolar Disorder can be classified by the occurrence of manic episodes followed by hypomanic or major depressive episodes. A manic episode is a distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated, extensive, or irritable mood and abnormally and persistently increased goal-directed activity or energy, lasting at least 1 week and present most of the day, nearly every day. During the specific period of mood disturbance and increased energy or activity, many symptoms are present. Some examples of these symptoms can include: -Inflated self-esteem or grandiosity, decreased need for sleep, and are more talkative than usual (“Bipolar and Related Disorders, “n.d.). There is a 10- 15% risk of completed suicide associated with Bipolar Disorder (“Bipolar Depression”, 2)
There are many different types of psychological disorders present for diagnoses. As well as many forms of treatment methods available focused on the remedial process for the individual. Each treatment often target on a different aspect for the individual, these aspects may include personal skills and coping, cognitive, social aspects, behavioural etc… Therapies can also be combined together to improve results for the patient depending on the patient’s situation and condition. Depression is one of the conditions under mood disorders and can be very influential on the individual’s life and daily activity functioning which may lead to significant consequences if left untreated. In this paper, I will explore the topic of psychodynamic treatments for depression. This paper will discuss about this area of treatment methods in detail and how they work to help the individual as well as comparing and contrasting other treatment methods and their effects on patients to explore which treatment are more effective.
For the diagnosis DSM-IV of major depression the criteria are: 1) a person must express five or more of the following symptoms; depressed mood, reduced level of interest in many activities, considerable change in body weight without any intentional diet, change in appetite, sleep difficulties, agitated or slowed behavior, thought of worthless or guilt, cognitive abilities diminished and frequent thoughts of death or suicide, 2) the symptoms need to persist for at least two weeks, 3) the symptoms must interfere with daily functions, 4) a period of mourning or another disorder does not better explain the major symptoms; when a person meets there criteria for the first time, they are said to have experiences in single major depressive episode and w...
As many as 19 million Americans million are affected by mood disorders ( The two main types of mood disorders are bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder which are described as disturbances in mood, behavior and emotion.“ Bipolar disorder is a complex disorder in which the core feature is pathological disturbance in mood ranging from extreme elation, or mania, to severe depression usually accompanied by disturbances in thinking and behavior, which may include psychotic symptoms, such as delusions and hallucinations” (Craddock, Jones 1999). Major depressive disorder or unipolar depression is characterized by a consistent low mood and lack of interest in things typically enjoyed .A second classification of major depressive disorder, is dysthymic disorder which is a chronic but less severe form of major depression (John W. Santrock 2007). Also major depression has many subgroups including seasonal affect disorder and postpartum depression. While there are many treatment options for the symptoms of mood disorders and promising scientific research, much is still unknown about a disorder that affects so many lives.
“In depressive disorders, sadness and despondency are exaggerated, prolonged, or unreasonable. Signs of a depressive disorder are dejection, hopelessness, and an inability to feel pleasure or to take interest in anything. Other common symptoms are fatigue,...
Katon, W., and Sullivan, M. D., (1990) Depression and Chronic Mental Illness. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, v.51. pgs. 8-19
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