Introduction The main purpose of accomplishing multiple tests on an unknown organism was to pick a random unknown tube and identify which microorganism it was. One of the important thing about these different tests are to make sure the tests are performed correctly and the results are interpreted correctly or else the unknown organism will come out as a mess. One instance where it is important to interpret the tests is in the medical field. If a patient is sick because of an unknown organism, samples from the patient can be taken out and the lab can perform tests on it and interpret the results correctly to identify the exact type of microorganism in order to cure the patient with antibiotics and treatment. In the end, this will help scientist cure diseases, help make up treatments for specific organisms, and help the world be a healthier place one step at a time. After the eighteen tests were done, the microorganism I identified and the subject of this report is Enterobacter aerogenes; this organism was obtained at random by picking an unlabeled tube with the microorganism in it. A website articulates “E. aerogenes is a gram-negative, oxidase negative, catalase positive, citrate positive, indole negative, rod-shaped bacterium” ("Enterobacter Aerogenes — Details", 2009). "Enterobacter Aerogenes." is a bacterium that causes diseases in humans by accidental bacteria transfer in a hospital setting ("Enterobacter Aerogenes", 2011). This pathogen is not usually found in a human with a healthy immune system, thoughtless transfer of bacteria in a hospital causes most of the infections from E. aerogenes and usually it is drug-resistant so it cannot be cured with drugs (Rakusin, n.d.). A case report I found online says a 43 year ol... ... middle of paper ... ... the unknown microorganism and the microorganism did not react as well as it should have and lipid was not broken down in the process. (LAB BOOK) In conclusion, the unknown microorganism which eighteen tests were performed on matches up with the microorganism Enterobacter aerogenes. The gram stain looks exactly like it is supposed to, gram-negative which makes it pink and the results for every test except the three experimental errors match up with this microorganism. The objective of performing various test on an unknown microorganism was to be able to correctly identify the unknown microorganism based on its’ characteristics and the results that follow, this objective was achieved because the microorganism turned out to be true by the results that were found from the tests. The unknown microorganism that was given at random was in fact Enterobacter aerogenes.
After 5 days of growth each slant was tested using the gram staining technique to confirm the complete isolation of the bacteria. Both isolations were completely successful. Then each sample of bacteria was subjected to a series of tests for identification.
In this lab project, the microbiology students were given 2 unknown bacteria in a mixed broth each broth being numbered. The goal of this project is to determine the species of bacteria in the broth. They had to separate and isolate the bacteria from the mixed broth and ran numerous tests to identify the unknown bacteria. The significance of identifying an unknown bacteria is in a clinical setting. Determining the exact bacteria in order to prescribe the right treatment for the patient. This project is significant for a microbiology students because it gives necessary skills to them for future careers relating to clinical and research work.
The purpose of this study is to identify an unknown bacterium from a mixed culture, by conducting different biochemical tests. Bacteria are an integral part of our ecosystem. They can be found anywhere and identifying them becomes crucial to understanding their characteristics and their effects on other living things, especially humans. Biochemical testing helps us identify the microorganism present with great accuracy. The tests used in this experiment are rudimentary but are fundamental starting points for tests used in medical labs and helps students attain a better understanding of how tests are conducted in a real lab setting. The first step in this process is to use gram-staining technique to narrow down the unknown bacteria into one of the two big domains; gram-negative and gram-positive. Once the gram type is identified, biochemical tests are conducted to narrow down the specific bacterial species. These biochemical tests are process of elimination that relies on the bacteria’s ability to breakdown certain kinds of food sources, their respiratory abilities and other biochemical conditions found in nature.
The results of the gram stain test were cocci and purple. This indicated that the unknown bacteria were gram positive. The gram stain test eliminated Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Salmonella enterica, and Yersinia enterocolitica as choices because these bacteria are gram negative. Next a Blood Agar plate was used because in order to do a MSA or a Catalase test there needs to be a colony of the bacteria. The result of the Blood Agar plate was nonhemolytic.
I also inoculated a tryptic soy broth (TSB), a nutrient gelatin deep, a motility agar deep, a fluid thioglycollate medium (FTM) tube, and a TSA plate with my unknown culture. All of these inoculated media were incubated until the next class period (about 48 hours). Then when I came to class most of my inoculated tubes and my streak plate appeared to have growth. The next step I took was making a gram stain to determine the gram reaction and cellular morphology of my unknown. I used my working slant to do this, after careful examination of the gram stain, I learned that my unknown was a gram-positive bacterium. I then preceded by making a negative stain to see the size of the cells of my unknown bacteria. The cell shape was cocci and the cells occurred in clusters of tetrads. After discovering that my unknown bacteria was gram-positive cocci, I turned to page 207 of the lab manual to narrow down my options, there was only four out of the gram-positive list that were
Trabelsi, H., Dendana, F., Sellami, A., Sellami, H., Cheikhrouhou, F., Neji, S., … Ayadi, A. (2012). Pathogenic
mutans was problematic due to its difference with Bergey’s Manual result for the catalase test. However, after comparing it with a peers results, it seems very possible that the strain we are working with varies from the strain used in Bergey’s. Bacteria possess the ability to develop varying phenotypes within the same species due to frequent mutation and horizontal gene transfer. Therefore, it is possible that the results obtained in our lab may vary from those provided in Bergey’s Manual. Arriving to the conclusion that the Gram negative bacteria was Klebsiella pneumoniae was much more direct. Using Bergey’s Flowchart for identification, the bacteria shared the test results and had a similar shape and
I identified the genus and species of an unknown bacterial culture, #16, and I applied the following knowledge of morphologic, cultural and metabolic characteristics of the unknown microorganism according to the laboratory manual as well as my class notes and power point print outs. I was given an incubated agar slant labeled #16 and a rack of different tests to either examine or perform myself; the tests are as follows: Gram Stain; Nutrient Gelatin Test; Carbohydrate Fermentation; Dextrose, Lactose and Sucrose; IMVIC tests; Citrate, Indole, Mythel-Red and Vogues Proskauer test; as well as a Urease and TSI Test. Materials and Methods/Results Upon receiving the Microorganism (M.O.) #16, I prepared a slide by cleaning and drying it. Then, using a bottle of water I placed a sterile drop of water on the slide and used an inoculating loop, flame sterilized, I took a small sample of the unknown growth in my agar slant and smeared it onto the slide in a dime sized circle and then heat fixed it for ten minutes.
In the documentary, Hunting the Nightmare Bacteria, reporter David Hoffman investigates this new untreatable infection along two individuals and a bacterial virus within a hospital. The first individual Hoffman investigates is Addie Rerecich of Arizona, she was treated for a staph infection with antibiotics, but other complications arise. Addie had a lung transplant, she was given several different antibiotics, but her body became pan-bacteria, non-resistance to the bacteria. Addie’s life was on the edge, she had to be on life support, and finally she received new lungs. The transplant helped Addie but it would take years before could go back to normal before the infection. The second individual is David Ricci; he had his leg amputated in India after a train accident. The antibiotic treatment he received became toxic to his body increasing problems. While in India, he underwent surgery almost every day because of infections he was developing. Back in Seattle, doctors found the NDM-1 resistance gene in his body; NDM-1 gene is resistance to almost all antib...
1. The specific organism should be shown to be present in all cases of animals suffering from a specific disease but should not be found in healthy animals.
The Campylobacter species observed in 1886 from Theodor Escherich in the colonic mucus of infants who had died of “cholera infantum,” but they could not be cultured. (Miliotis & Bier 2003) Mc Fadyean and Stockman in 1909 first isolated Campylobacter fetus from aborted sheep fetuses. (Miliotis & Bier 2003) After that observed that the Campylobacter which called (Vibrio fetusovid), caused septic abortion in cattle. (Miliotis & Bier 2003) This pathogen bacterium starts to create problems dysentery in the cattle.( Miliotis & Bier 2003) In 1957 the King examined people which have bloody diarrhea the reason for the disease is the Campylobacter species. (Miliotis & Bier 2003)The species of Campylobacter are Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, Campylobacter lari and Campylobacter fetus. (Miliotis & Bier 2003) The campyloCbacter is Gram-negative thin; (Siegrist 2014) Gram-negative bacteria are bacteria that do not retain the crystal violet dye in the Gram stain protocol. (Miliotis & Bier 2003) Gram-negative bacteria will thus appear red or pink following a Gram stain procedure due to the effects of the counter stain. (Miliotis & Bier 2003) The shape has the Campylobacter is curved and motile rod like S or spiral. (Siegrist 2014) Finally the Campylobacter has single polar flagella at one or both ends and they exhibit a rapid darting motion (Siegrist 2014), like picture1.
Biological monitoring is basically evaluating a sterilization process by rendering highly resistant bacterial spores biologically inert. The highly resistant bacterial spores used varies depending on what kind of sterilizer was used. For example Bacillus stearothermophilus spores for steam and chemical vapor sterilizers, Bacillus subtilis spores for dry heat and ethylene oxide sterilizers. These specific Bacillus spores are used because they are more resistant, and present in greater numbers than are the common microbial contaminants found on patient care equipment. If it is proven that these spores have been killed, it is strongly implied that other potential pathogens in the load have also been killed.
There were five test solutions used in this experiment, water being the control, which were mixed with a yeast solution to cause fermentation. A 1ml pipetman was used to measure 1 ml of each of the test solutions and placed them in separated test tubes. The 1 ml pipetman was then used to take 1ml of the yeast solution, and placed 1ml of yeast into the five test tubes all containing 1 ml of the test solutions. A 1ml graduated pipette was placed separately in each of the test tubes and extracted 1ml of the solutions into it. Once the mixture was in the pipette, someone from the group placed a piece of parafilm securely on the open end of the pipette and upon completion removed the top part of the graduated pipette.
The abnormal presence of bacterial growth can be inspected under a microscope. If the organism inspected is not the bacteria used in the experiment, it means that the growth of the bacterial culture investigated is absent. By using this method, contamination by foreign substances in the surrounding air can be ruled out and the results would be more accurate.