Distinction Between Language And Speech

An important distinction that Saussure used was between language and speech. Language (langue) is a system, an universal structure and arrangement of rules shared by a community with principal linguistic patterns, as seen in forge in languages. Speech (parole) is the use of language individually, any particular act of language that is experienced in everyday life. It is diverse, it varies, it changes and is manipulated by time, social groups and the generation using it. A simpler way to put it is “if langue is the whole of language, parole is the part, or parts, which operates within the whole” (Kearney 241). So that while language is universal and timeless, speech is the slang belonging to the here and now. In reference to the definition of Semiology, a science of signs, it is important to understand Saussures idea when it comes to how he view the structure of signs. As humans, we try to make meanings of things and to interoperate

Syntagm is the liner patten or sequence of linguistic objects, relations between signifiers functions when terms share a distinction. For example, when you have a sentence that makes sense, you can not change the words around or the letters in a word around horizontally without changing the meaning or destroying the connection between the signifier and the signified. The Paradigm refers to a group of terms which have similarities and that can replace one another in syntagm. For example, if you replace a paradigm, it is because you can replace a noun or a word vertically down the possible alternatives within that sentence and the phrase still makes sense because of the similarities. The paradigmatic relation operates by quality of association rather direct contact. Syntagmatic and Paradigmatic are somewhat the structure of a sentence, as in the