Experiment 1
Aim:
To test the influence that the potential difference will have on the current of an electric circuit.
Investigative Question:
What would the effect of the change in potential difference have on the current of the circuit, if the temperature in the circuit remains constant?
Hypothesis:
By decreasing the resistance in the electric circuit we will be increasing the total potential difference in the circuit and will therefore directly strengthen the current in the circuit. The relationship between potential difference and current strength will be directly proportional.
Variables:
Independent Variable:
Potential difference (V) in the circuit.
Dependent Variable:
The current strength (mA) in the circuit.
Controlled Variable:
The temperature in the circuit is kept constant throughout all tests.
Apparatus:
A circuit board.
6 Crocodile wires.
A light bulb.
An ammeter.
A voltmeter.
A rheostat resistor.
Three 1,5V cells forming a 4.5V battery.
Diagram:
Method:
Safety precautions:
Ensure that the circuit is away from any water.
Ensure that all apparatus being used is in working condition and has its certificate of safety.
Ensure that all wires are insulated as to avoid any short circuitry or electrical burns.
Ensure that all batteries being used are not leaking or damaged (check shelf life of batteries).
Accuracy Precautions:
Ensure batteries are fully charged to ensure accuracy of readings.
Ensure that the ammeter and voltmeter are calibrated accordingly.
Ensure that the rheostat is fully operational.
Ensure that the light bulb is fully operational and the filament is still attached blown before commencing with the experiments.
Experimental Procedure:
Set up experiment as seen in the diagram ab...
... middle of paper ...
...ining potential difference can be solved by subtracting the potential difference (voltage across the circuit) from the EMF (electromotive force) therefore allowing us to calculate the amount of total resistance within the electric circuit.
Conclusion:
We can therefore conclude that the internal resistance of the battery in this electric circuit is non-negligible and can influence the readings taken off the circuit, hence proving the hypothesis of this experiment to be correct.
Discussion:
Now as this experiment depends completely on the factors that affect the cells in use, each different test would provide new results but would still show the internal resistance of the battery.
Bibliography:
Mann, M. May 2012, Mind Action Series Physical Sciences 11, Allcopy Publishers, Sanlamhof.
McLaren, C. December 2012, Physical Sciences 11, MacMillan Publishers, Cape Town.
All of the sources of current to the equipment should be isolated and signs need to be fixed to ensure that the nature of the equipment is known
Kranzler, J. H., Flores, C. G., & Coady, M. (2010). Examination of the Cross-Battery Approach
Oscilloscope is acquainted as one of the most helpful instrument for testing circuits. It is able to show the signals at different points in the circuit. One way to inves...
Keeping the entire instrument clean and properly storing the device are also important in terms of maintenance.
middle of paper ... ... different from what it should be. To solve this problem a thermostatic water bath could be used as stated above. * If the stop watch was stopped to early or late, again the overall reading would not be as accurate as it could have been.
There can be percentage errors and uncertainties or heat loss in surrounding while executing the experiment.
Their performance can be modelled, predicted and analyzed using equivalent circuits, and this experiment examines one of these circuits. MEASUREMENTS ------------ Short-circuit test: Primary voltage (Vsc) = 26V Primary current (I1) =
Investigating the Effect the Thickness of a Wire has on Its Resistance. Equipment:.. Nickel Wire cut into 10 pieces of 30cm length (Ruler, Pliers). Two crocodile clips Five Pieces of Wire Power Source Variable Resistor Ammeter Volt Meter Method: The.. =
There fore less current passes through with the same voltage. Simply it is how hard it is for the electrons to pass through the wire. Temperature: When the metal wire is heated , more energy s given to the atoms, therefore they vibrate more. From this there is a greater chance of collisions with the electrons and they are impeded more, therefore less charge is passed by the electrons and the resulting current is reduced. This means while conducting the experiment the temperature of the wire must be kept constant to maintain a safe and fair test.
The Relationship Between Length, Width and Resistance of a Wire Aim: To investigate how the length and width of a wire affects the resistance of the wires. What is the resistance to a s Electricity is conducted through a conductor, in this case wire, by means of free electrons. The number of free electrons depends on the material and more free electrons means a better conductor, i.e. gold has less resistance to the sand. For example, gold has more free electrons than. iron and, as a result, it is a better conductor.
Every individual, at one point in time, may find it necessary to work on their cars, but sometimes the check-up doesn’t end well. Sometimes it is even lethal when a person ends up dead after being electrocuted. If the damage does come to this, the person ends up sustaining serious injuries. It is not only a person that can sustain the damages, but also the car is prone to malfunction if certain rules are not followed. The do’s and don’ts when checking a car can be summarized into three rules.
increases in the opposite or negative direction until it attains maximum negative value at 270 degrees, and finally decreases to zero value again at 360 degrees. It follows, then, that the induced emf can be completely described by the relation.
V(voltage) I (current) Therefore, I = V R Therefore, if V is constant, in order to increase I, R must decrease.
Electroplating Experiment Aim To find the amount copper gains or loses on the electrodes using different amounts of current each time during electrolysis. How the changing of current affects the electroplating of copper. Introduction Electroplating is generally carried out in order to improve the appearance or corrosion resistance of the surface of a metal by electrodepositing a thin layer of metal ion on it. The metal substrate to be coated is made by the cathode in an electrolytic cell. The cell used in electroplating contains an electrolyte which is usually an aqueous solution containing a reasonably high concentration of an ion of the metal which is to be electroplated on the surface.