Meaning And Meaning Of Morphology

2.2.1 Morphology
The term of morphology was firstly derived from Greek word morph which means shape of form and logos that means knowledge. According to Yule (2006:60), is the study of forms, which was originally used in biology, but since the mid-nineteenth century, it has also been used to describe the type of investigation that analyzed all the basic 'elements' which are used in language. According to Katamba (1993) Morphology is the study of the internal structure of words that did not emerge as a distinct sub-branch of linguistics. Booij (2005) in his book entitled “The Grammar of Words” defined Morphology as the sub discipline of linguistics deals the relationship between the form and the meaning of word. Hockett (1959:15) says that

Copulative compounds are compounds that have two words which are coupled or conjoined.

1. Endocentric compounds
Katamba (1993: 311) said that, most compound in English are endocentric, they have a head. In such compound, normally the head element appears as the right-handmost constituent of the word. Semantically an endocentric compound indicates a sub-grouping within the class of entities that the head denotes. There are the examples with the head is underlined a schoolboy is a kind of a boy and a diningroom is a kind of room

2. Exocentric compounds
Exocentric compound or bahuvrihi compounds are headless compounds which do not contain an element that function as the semantic head which is modified by the nonhead element. The constituents in exocentric compounds do not have a head-modifier semantic relationship, for examples; a blue-nose is not a nose at all but a purplish variety of potato grown in Nova Scotian, and white-collar is neither a kind of a collar nor a white thing, but the meaning is something which is related with a

Copulative compounds
Copulative compounds or dvanda compounds in the Sanskrit name are compounds that have two words which are couple or conjoined. They have the structure shown in:
- boy (N) + friend (N) = boyfriend (N)
- bitter (A) + sweet (N) = bitter-sweet (A)
From a syntactic point of view, copulative compounds are headed. But from a semantic point of view, the coupled elements are equal status, with neither element being regarded as the head that dominates the entire word. (katamba:1993)

2.3.2 Transparent and opaque meaning
The fact that language is a communicating system with form and meaning relationship to each other, the form cannot be separated from their meaning. The meanings of the compound words interrelate in such a way that a new meaning comes out which is different from the meanings of the words in isolation. According to Palmer (1984) the meaning of compound word can be divided into transparent and opaque meaning. Similarly, Ullmann (1972: 81) also stated that every compound contains words which are arbitrary and opaque, without any connection between sound and sense, and others which are at least to some degree motivated and transparent.

Palmer (1984) stated