The Evolution of Homonin Tribe from the Time Period of Homo Habilis to Mordern

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Recommended: Natural history of homo sapiens

To the ongoing question as to how humans evolved has still been a debate over several decades. Homo sapiens is a scientific name given to humans. Homo sapiens are classified under the kingdom-Animalia, phylum-chordata, class-mammalia, order-primates, family-Hominidae, genus-Homo and species-sapiens. According to Linnaeus Carlos, scientific way of classifying living organisms (Relethford, 2010). According to Relethford, Hominin is a tribe that comprises of humans and their closest ancestor. Hominin family has shown some resemblances with the evidences collected from fossil records as well as the evolutionary processes to the mordern humans. This article will try to describe the evolution of homonin tribe from the time period of Homo habilis to Mordern Homo sapiens. It will emphasis on the cranial capacity “skull proportions”, tools used and the cultural behavior.

Homo habilis species was first found in East Africa at the Olduvai George site, approximately 1.9- 1.4 million years ago (Spoor et al. 2007). This species was also known as “Handy man” or “able man”. Homo habilis had a smaller brain of about 630 C.C. compared to living humans today (Relethford, 2010). Post cranial skeleton show similarities to Austrapiths and an evidence to bipedalism however, they retained climbing abilities ( McHenry 1992). The simple stone tools found associated with Homo habilis were referred to as Oldowan tools. There is still no clear evidence whether these species relied on scavengers left by the carnivores or did they associate themselves in hunting by the use of the stone tools ( Relethford, 2010).

Apart from Homo habilis, Homo erectus was also found in East Africa around 1.9 million years ago (Relethford, 2010). Homo habilis had more prim...

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Relethford, J. H. 2010.The Human Species: An introduction to Biological Anthropology, 8th ed.

State University of New York College at Oneonta, New York, NY: Mc-GrawHill.

Ruff, C. B., E. Trinkaus, and T. W. Holliday. 1997. Bodymass and encephalization in

Pleistocene Homo. Nature 387:173–176.

Spoor, F., M. G. Leakey, P. N. Gathogo, F. H. Brown, S. C. Antón, I. McDougall, C. Kiarie, and

F. K. Manthi. 2007. Implications of new early Homo fossils from Ileret, east of Lake Turkana, Kenya. Nature 448:688–691.

Stringer, C. B. and P. Andrews. 1988. Genetic and fossil evidence for the origin of modern

humans. Science 239:1263–1268. 2005. The Complete World of Human Evolution . New York:Thames and Hudson.

White, T. D. 2003. Early hominids—Diversity or distortion? Science 299:1994–1997.

Wolpoff, M. H. 1999. Paleoanthropology, 2d ed. Boston: McGraw-Hill.

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