International Student Enrollment at American Universities
During our secondary data search, we were enlightened to the many issues, which face an international student when choosing a university. In this paper we would like to first highlight trends of international student enrollment in American universities. Next, we will discuss the advantages of studying in the United States. Finally, we would like to list some of the many reasons that an international student may choose a certain university.
Trends in Enrollment
The study of enrollment trends in groups of international students shows how changes in a university’s environment and characteristics will affect its total enrollment (Paulsen). According to the Institute for International Education, the number of international students studying at American colleges and universities increased by 5.1 percent in the 1997-98 school year to a total of 481,280 (Honan). Fifty-percent of these students enter universities as undergraduates with the rest entering to pursue a graduate or professional education. (edupass.org) Remarkably, fifty-percent of those undergraduates are enrolled in community colleges (Backman, 1984), and according to the Chronicle of Higher Education, twice as many international students are enrolled in community colleges as where ten years ago (Desruissueaux, 1998).
Increases in enrollment may be attributed to many factors. William Honan of the New York Times attributes this increase in enrollment to increased overseas recruiting, the Asian economic crisis, and the decreased cost of community colleges. Economic factors may effect enrollment trends more than any other factor. For example, enrollment may be effected positively from decreasing oppor...
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...Paulsen, M.B. (1990, May). Understanding Student Enrollment Behavior. (ED 333 845)
Paulsen Michael B., and Thomas F. Pogue. 1998. “Higher Education Enrollment: The Interaction of Labor Market Conditions, Curriculum, and Selectivity.” Economics of Education Review 7(3): 275-290
Manski, Charles F., and David A Wise. 1983. “College Choice in America. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Backman, E.L. “Approaches to International Education.” New York: Macmillan, 1984.
Unknown Author. “Why Study Abroad?”
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Zikopoulos, Marianthi and Barber, Elinor G. (1986). Choosing Schools from Afar. (ED 272 082)
Honan, William H., “Study Finds Increase in Number of Foreign Students at U.S. Colleges,” New York Times, December 7, 1998.
McDonnell, Mike. “Things to consider when Evaluating Colleges.”
While college may be initially uneconomical, evidence from a 1959 census shows a “three-fourths of earning difference” between those who graduated from college and those who merely received a high school diploma (Weisbrod et al 495). Weisbrod and Karpoff acknowledge the high cost of college in America, but assert the benefits of a college degree will more than reimburse a person in the long run, therefore the initial cost of attending a college is worthwhile. (Weisbrod et. al). Furthermore, this indicates only “one-fourth of the earnings differences are attributed...to non-schooling factors”, which proves the significant role college plays in determining the future earnings of an individual (Weisbrod et. al 497). College appears to be the most influential factor in regards to a person's earnings, therefore according to Weisbrod and Karpoff, college is necessary for a person who wishes to obtain a higher expected income. Even students who attend mediocre to below-average colleges will receive “a lifetime income that is [around] 10 percent lower ...than that which someone at one of the best schools can expect” (Weisbrod et. al 497). Weisbrod and Karpoff contend even low-tier colleges result in higher earnings, therefore a student should strive to attend any college regardless of the
On the other side, institutions that have decreased tuition rates and increased financial aid have experienced a decrease within their applications received (Glater & Finder 2006). The director of admissions, suggested that school’s increase their tuition rates and lessen financial aid assistance to prospective students. Her argument is based on data from competing colleges and the decisions to increase tuition rates. This in effect has led these institutions to move upward on the demand curves.
What academic struggles will happen to immigrant students? What kind of thoughts will be brought up? In The Happiness Hypothesis, Johnathan Haidt talks about negative bias in “Changing Your Mind”. This chapter is the best to describe the situation of the immigrant students. According to Kim and Diaz in "Immigrant Students And Community Colleges”, they state that “immigrant students who attend community colleges tend to have lower socioeconomic status and limited English knowledge compared to those who attend four-year institutions.”
Perez-Pena, R. (2013, July 25). College Enrollment Falls as Economy Recovers. Retrieved from The New York Times: http://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/26/education/in-a-recovering-economy-a-decline-in-college-enrollment.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0
Thelin, John R.. A history of American higher education. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2004. Print. (3)
According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, college tuition and relevant fees have increased by 893 percent (“College costs and the CPI”). 893 percent is a very daunting percentage considering that it has surpassed the rise in the costs of Medicare, food, and housing. As America is trying to pull out of a recession, many students are looking for higher education so they can attain a gratified job. However, their vision is being stained by the dreadful rise in college costs. College tuition is rising beyond inflation. Such an immense rise in tuition has many serious implications for students; for example, fewer students are attending private colleges, fewer students are staying enrolled in college, and fewer students are working in the fields in which they majored in.
Since the 1980’s the cost of attending colleges have increased rapidly. Rising costs of for Medicare, highways and prisons have caused many states to reduce a percentage of their budget for higher education. Colleges and Universities currently face a very serious challenge:
Lankford, Ronald D. "Chapters 2 and 3." The Rising Cost of College. Detroit: Greenhaven, 2009. N. pag. Print.
Journal of Labor Economics, 28(1), 113–166. Kaplin, W., & Lee, B. (2014). The law of higher education. 5th ed. San Francisco, CA.
Every year, more and more International students are coming to the U.S. for pursuing higher education. According to the Open Doors report published annually by the Institute of International Education (IIE), the number of intern...
The skyrocketing price of college tuition is causing a tremendous concern over whether higher education will be a viable financial concept to the average citizen over the next decades. Some families have opted to explore different means of obtaining a higher education for their children as these costs escalate. There is overwhelming evidence that colleges need to restructure the way they are run because tuition prices are increasing at a rapid rate causing changes in the way students fund their education and in the way the government provides educational subsidies.
American students have been such a question mark for the international students, their way of living and thinking is way different than any international student and this is noticeable. Students from all over the world notice a difficulty in dealing with the Americans and mentally understand them. Therefore, Rebekah Nathan argues that in her article “As Other See Us” and discusses the differences between the American and the international students. Moreover, she uses different evidence based on students from different backgrounds and cultures. Nathan goes over opinions and stories that happens with the international students in the US and what they think about these situation, which they considers weird in the eyes of the international students.
Subjects talked about incorporate the advantages, costs and financial return of school training, examination for compensation of school graduates, and the ramifications of rising educational cost and falling wages for the estimation of school instruction (Abel, Jaison R., and Richard Deitz. "Do The Benefits Of College Still Outweigh The Costs?." Current Issues In Economics & Finance 20.3 (2014): 1-12. Academic Search Alumni Edition. Web. 1 May
The issue of internationalisation has been the subject of a fierce debate in higher education throughout the last decades. Attending universities in the UK has traditionally been the main route for international students to acquire foreign degrees so there is no doubt that internationalisation plays an important role in our lives. Nowadays, British universities tend to realize the importance of internationalisation in higher education and become formally committed to international students. For instance, St. John University in York is keen on meeting the demands of operating in a worldwide environment and as a consequence is offering international students several scholarships to become increasingly international. Within the above context, the impact of internationalisation in higher education has been considerable and continues to grow as a way of attaining globalisation. With globalisation, a massive demand for international students and recognized academic is generated to achieve international competitiveness in higher education. As if this is self-evident, globalisation would range from broad foreign policy interests to more specific concerns of economic development, all of which can be served by the skills and intellectual expertise found in higher education. As a consequence, the mass provision of high quality higher education is crucial in order to meet the knowledge and skills needs of internationalisation.
Open Doors 2010 International Students in the U.S.. (2010, November 15). Institute of International Education. Retrieved April 28, 2011, from http://www.iie.org/en/Who-We-Are/News-and-Events/Press-Center/Press-Releases/2010/2010-11-15-Open-Doors-International-Students-In-The-US