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Since the invention of the internal combustion engine, car makers and consumers have been filling the gas tank with just that, gasoline. Starting out with leaded gasoline then slowly switching to unleaded gas in the late 1960s until catalytic converters, a new auto part which can only run on unleaded, were made mandatory in 1975. However over the past couple decades there have been a new contender in the fuel marketplace to power consumers’ cars. Ethanol is defined in World Book Student as “a type of alcohol found in alcoholic beverages and used as an automobile fuel” (Sheehan 1). Sometimes called ethyl alcohol or grain alcohol, has been an additive to gasoline since its introduction. The purpose was to reduce dependence on foreign oil, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions by providing a cleaner and greener fuel alternative. It has in fact done neither. Dependence on foreign oil has not changed and the global warming crisis is actually becoming more of a crisis. The world as a whole needs to stop ethanol production because it is doing more harm than good by: keeping the price of fuel at an all-time high, increasing both the world grocery prices and the number of starving people in the world, actually making global warming more of a problem, harming the majority of cars on the road, and being a large factor in making the United States national debt reach all-time highs.
The senior citizens of today, even adults, remember and often tell younger generations of when gas was below $1.00 a gallon; even down to a quarter for a gallon and a nickel for a movie. Today is a different story, as of October 25, 2011 the average price of a gallon of regular unleaded gasoline in the United States was $3.46. In an article by the Buisness and Media...
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... 27 Oct 2011. .
Seymour, Julia. "Buisness and Media Institute." mrc. N.p., 25 04 2011. Web. 2 Nov 2011. .
Sheehan, John. "Ethanol." World Book Student. World Book, 2011. Web. 28 Sept. 2011.
United States. Congressional Budget, Office. "The impact of ethanol use on food prices and greenhouse-gas emissions [electronic resource]." A CBO paper. Washington, D.C. : U.S. Congressional Budget Office, [2009], 2009. Agricola. EBSCO. Web. 27 Sept. 2011
"$5 billion-a-year ethanol subsidy nearing its end?." msnbc. msnbc, 16 06 2011. Web. 28 Oct 2011.
Ethanol is a clear, colorless, flammable liquid. Other names that ethanol can also be known as include ethyl alcohol, ethyl hydrate, ethyl hydroxide, fermentation alcohol, methylcarbinol, and grain alcohol. The condensed structural formula for ethanol is C2H5OH, and the expanded structural formula is shown in figure 1. This chemical compound belongs to the alcohol function group therefore characterized by the hydroxyl group –OH combined with a carbon atom. Some characteristics of ethanol include
whether firelighter, wood, ethanol, paraffin or wax contains the most energy Energy In Different Fuels Aim: I am going to investigate which fuels contain the most energy between; firelighter, wood, ethanol, paraffin and wax. Prediction: I think that the fuel that contains the most energy is the one that produces the highest rise in temperature of the water. I know this because… Heat + fuel + oxygen => CO2 + H20 + energy. The energy realised is heat and light energy, which is dependent on the
Investigation to Find the Relative Energy Release of Five Alcohols: Ethanol, Methanol, Propanol, Butanol and Propanol Aim: In this experiment I will investigate to see which alcohol releases the most energy during combustion; Methanol, Ethanol, Propanol, Butanol or Pentanol. Hypothesis: I think that the alcohols with the longest carbon chains will release the most energy. This is because when a bond is broken energy is released. This means that the alcohols with longer chains and therefore more
Compare the Energy Given Out When Alcohols Burn I am investigating how different types of alcohol's effect the amount of energy given off. The types of alcohol used will be; Alcohol Formulae · Methanol CH3 OH · Ethanol C2 H5 OH · Propanol C3 H7 OH · Butanol C4 H9 OH I am going to investigate the amount of energy given out by the creating of bonds by subtracting the amount of energy needed to break the bonds to the amount given out from the creating of bonds. Methanol;
Chemistry coursework – Fuels Planning ======== Aim --- In this investigation I will have to find out which of the alcohol fuels: methanol, ethanol, propanol and butanol, is the best. The ‘best’ one will be the one which creates the most energy whilst burning. Introduction and prediction --------------------------- A fuel is a substance burned for heat or power. The best type of fuel is one that: can be transported safely without the worry of it catching on fire, gives out a
organism goes through to either create lactic acid or ethanol and CO2. This is done without the use of oxygen, also known as anaerobic respiration. There are multiple steps of both fermentation types. They both begin with the glycolysis, where 1 glucose molecule is broken down into 2 pyruvic acid molecules and 2 ATP molecules. From this step the two feremenation types then branch off. In alcoholic fermentation, pyruvic acid and NADH is converted to 2 ethanol, NAD+, and 2CO2. In lactic acid fermentation,
including fungi. However, the purification of enzyme from these sources is expensive, on the order of $5.50 per gallon of ethanol produced. Genetic engineering or biotechnology has already played a key enabling role in the development of cellulosic biomass conversion technologies by dramatically reducing the cost of cellulase production from about $5.50 per gallon of ethanol to $0.10-15 per gallon of
following table shows the range of petrol-ethanol mixtures used in this experiment. Table 1: Petrol 98 and Ethanol fuel mixtures Sample Fuel Name % composition of Petrol and Ethanol in the mixture 1 E0 100% petrol 2 E5 95% petrol and 5% ethanol 3 E10 90% petrol and 10% ethanol 4 E15 85% petrol and 15% ethanol 5 E20 80% petrol and 20% ethanol 6 E70 30% petrol and 70% ethanol 7 E75 25% petrol and 75% ethanol 8 E80 20% petrol and 80% ethanol 9 E85 15% petrol and 85% ethanol Apparatus: Calorimeter19
Which Fuel Releases the Most Energy Per Mole Measure by Heating Water Hypothesis In this investigation I will burn alcohols to heat up a beaker of water. I will be burning five fuels which are called Methanol, Ethanol, Propanol, Butanol and Pentanol. In my investigation I predict that the alcohol Pentanol would release more energy than the other alcohols because as the chain length of the alkanes get longer, the more energy is released. Apparatus · Retort stand · Clamp ·
Preparation of Ethanol and Ethanoic Acid AIM: To obtain pure samples of Ethanol (CH3CH2OH) and Ethanoic Acid (CH3COOH) from fermented Yeast (Saccharomyces Cerevisiae). BACKGROUND INFORMATION: The use of yeast in food production is the oldest and most extensive contribution made by any group of microorganisms. A most common substrate that yeast can work with is GLUCOSE. Glucose is a monosaccharide, which are sweet crystalline sugars that dissolve easily in water to form sweet solutions
Ethanol Proposal Purpose As the number toxin spewing cars rises, pollution has presented itself as a major problem in urban areas. There have been many solutions presented to help solve this problem, but few have been widely accepted by the general public. I believe the pollution problem is one that cannot be solved in one big step, but in smaller steps. I see Ethanol use as one of those steps. The intention of this proposal is to recommend an approach that would lead to widespread use of
objective, factual, and practical approach to this topic. What is Alcohol? Chemistry is at the heart of all nutrition. Thus, to truly grasp alcohol, one must know the basic molecular compounds that the body consumes and divides. The most accessible energy resource the body ingests is carbohydrates (rice, beans, breads, pasta, sugar, fruit, etc…). Carbohydrates are made
Abstract The experiment aimed to separate the ethanol from the alcoholic beverage sample using a type of distillation called fractional distillation and to calculate the percentage of the ethanol from the sample. 25 mL of the sample were obtained and transferred to the distilling flask of the distillation set-up and underwent fractional distillation. For every dry calibrated test tubes, 0.5 mL of the distillate were collected and the temperature was recorded. Once the temperature reached above
which are; ethanol, propanol, butanol, pentanol and hexanol. I am trying to determine whether the amount of Carbon atoms on the molecule affects the heat energy given out by the molecule when burned. I believe that as the size of the molecule increases and the chain of carbons grows longer, then the heat energy given out will increase. I think that this is because when the molecule bonds are broken then they take in energy and then when the bonds are being made they give out energy. In a large molecule
including polyester fibers for clothes, upholstery, carpet and pillows. Fiberglass used in products such as jet skis, bathtubs, and bowling balls and polyethylene terephthalate resin used in packaging film and bottles. Many of these products are energy saving and cost efficient as well as recyclable. Natural gas industry Ethylene glycol is used in the natural gas industry to remove water vapor from natural gas before further processing, in much the same manner as triethylene glycol (TEG) (Source