Types of Chemical Bonding
All substances are held together by their own specialized atoms and molecules. These specialized atoms and molecules are known as bonds. Bonds can come in many different and unique shapes and sizes. There is also a very distinct difference between each kind of bond. The type of bond that an element has depends completely on the element itself. Each element has its own unique chemical properties. Along with these properties, there are also many kinds of forces that make a distinctive difference in the intervening of the molecules and the atoms. In today’s world there are only 2 main varieties of bonds that chemists mainly center their attention on. These bonds are Ionic and Covalent. Even though these are the most common kinds of bonds they can both be subcategorized and divided into many other kinds of bonds. These subcategory bonds include polar covalent, hydrogen bonds, double covalent, triple covalent, coordinate covalent, network covalent, and metallic bonds. If one wants to familiarize themselves with these three types of bonds one must first understand the properties of electrons. Electrons have an outermost layer, which acts as a sort of shell that shields the nucleus. This layer is known as a valence shell. Each element has its own unique number of electrons and one can conclude how many an element has by looking at the elements periodic assets.
When one is learning, teaching, or even talking about bonding, everything is centered on how many electrons an element portions with its companion. There are two rules known as the octet and the duet rule. The octet rule is what most elements follow; it states that in order for an atom to be constant it has to have eight electrons in its outermost valen...
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...rge molecules by creating covalent bonds. When this creation of molecules happens again and again it is called a network covalent bonds.
Along with covalent and ionic bonds metallic bonds also exist. This bond occurs when natural metals that have not been modified create a sort of sea of electrons with a few positive ions inside of the “sea.”
Each kind of chemical bond has their very own unique characteristics that make them different from each other. These bonds create some of the most used substances in everyday life. With ought chemical bonds life as we know it would not be the same.
Works Cited
• "Bonds." Covalent Bonds, Ionic Bonds, Hydrogen Bonds. N.p., 24 Apr. 2014. Web. 28 Apr. 2014.
• "Types of Chemical Bonds." Types of Chemical Bonds. N.p., 24 Apr. 2014. Web. 28 Apr. 2014.
• "Chemical Bonding." Chemical Bonds. N.p., 24 Apr. 2014. Web. 28 Apr. 2014.
On the periodic table there are many groups that classified on it. The oxygen group is a very important group for life to exist at all. The oxygen group is the sixteenth group on the periodic table. There are five elements in the Oxygen group and they are: oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, and polonium. They each follow the octet rule (they want eight electrons in there outer shell). They each only have six in their outer shell, so they will want to get two more by gaining two electrons. They can share the electrons buy having a covalent bond. A covalent bod is when two or more atoms come together to share electrons. Also another name for the Oxygen group is the chalcogens.
Covalent compounds are formed when two or more non-metals react together. The covalent compound is actually made of molecules, and the name given depends on the structure of these molecules. Prefixes, like di- for two, tri- for three, tetra- for four, and so forth, are frequently used. Thus, NO2 is nitrogen dioxide and N2O4 is dinitrogen
Singh, R. Paul. "Sugar (chemical Compound)." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, 2014. Web. 29 Apr. 2014.
Atoms are electrically neutral; the electrons that bear the negative charge are equal in number to the protons in the nucleus
Chemistry dictates the structure of DNA. DNA is a polymer of monomers called nucleic acids. These are made of a nitrogenous base, a phosphate group and a sugar. It is the negative charge on the phosphate group that makes DNA an acid. There are 4 different bases: adenine, thymine, guanine and cytosine. In groups of three, these four bases can code for any protein coded for in an organism’s genome. Two strands of nucleic acids stack on top of each other in a double helix. The backbone of the nucleic acids consists of the interaction between phosphate groups and the hydroxide groups of nucleic acids. These are held together by covalent bonds called phosphodiester bonds. The helix itself is held together by hydrogen bonds. Although h...
The bonds of reactions can only be broken when molecules of certain kinetic energies collide.
An atom, by definition, is the smallest part of any substance. The atom has three main components that make it up: protons, neutrons, and electrons. The protons and neutrons are within the nucleus in the center of the atom. The electrons revolve around the nucleus in many orbitals. These orbitals consist of many different shapes, including circular, spiral, and many others. Protons are positively charged and electrons are negatively charged. Protons and electrons both have charge of equal magnitude (i.e. 1.602x10-19 coulombs). Neutrons have a neutral charge, and they, along with protons, are the majority of mass in an atom. Electron mass, though, is negligible. When an atom has a neutral charge, it is stable.
Every chemical element or compound have specific properties that make them different than the other. However, these properties help us to understand every element or compound in which they can be used and how we can deal with them. These properties can be chemical properties which are defined as "that property must lead to a change in the substances ' chemical structure", such as heat of combustion and flammability ("Physical and Chemical…"). Also, these properties can be physical properties which are defined as the properties "that can be measured or observed without changing the chemical nature of the substance", such as mass, volume, boiling and freezing points ("Physical and Chemical…"). These two properties are related to each other. For
Also, I will know what a chemical and physical property is and I will know how to find them out. Materials = == == ==
Covalent and ionic are two forms of atomic bonds both of which differ in their structure and properties. Firstly, it should be made clear that an atom’s desire is to achieve stability. Most atoms by nature are not balanced electrically. They achieve balance by sharing or transferring their outermost energy level which contains electrons called valence electrons. The number of valence electrons in an atom mostly determines that atom’s or element’s properties.
Regarding, the copper and sodium chloride, no visible change occurred after 5 minutes had passed. The copper metal remained at the bottom of the test tube undeterred by the NaCl. There may not have been a reaction because copper is lower on the reactivity series than sodium.
To start off, learning the Bohr-Rutherford diagrams in grade nine was a very big confusion for me. I had never fully understood how many shells should go around the nucleus nor did I know how to do the many calculations. As I progressed into grade ten, the teachings became easier. The review shows an example such as in the the bohr diagram, a nucleus is in the center, which is a little circle, and following that there are shells surrounding it containing electrons. Each ring can only hold a certain amount of electrons, and so the first shell around the nucleus can hold a maximum of 2 electrons, the next shell is able to hold a maximum of 8 electro...
...ubstances that have different properties than the properties of the reactants (blue book). Most atoms form bonds with valence electrons only, which means the number of valence electrons determines if an atom will form a bond (eight electrons are usually unreactive, while fewer than eight tend to bond more often). Atoms bond to fill their outermost energy level. They would either lose share or gain an electron. In baking soda and vinegar, you may be wondering what bonding has to do with a chemical reaction. Well, in order for a chemical reaction to take place a bond must be broken. This happens because molecules are always moving which means if they bump with enough energy, the bond will break. The atoms then rearrange and new bonds form to make new substances (blue book). So behind the aesthetic view of the “white fizz,” there is always a scientific explanation.
All elements fit into little families or groups of other elements with similar properties. The whole periodic table is an arrangement of the elements. They are arranged by their atomic numbers so that the elements with relatable properties present in the same vertical column or group.
From these properties of bonds we will see that there are two fundamental types of bonds--covalent and ionic. Covalent bonding represents a situation of about equal sharing of the electrons between nuclei in the bond. Covalent bonds are formed between atoms of approximately equal electronegativity. Because each atom has near equal pull for the electrons in the bond, the electrons are not completely transferred from one atom to another. When the difference in electronegativity between the two atoms in a bond is large, the more electronegative atom can strip an electron off of the less electronegative one to form a negatively charged anion and a positively charged cation. The two ions are held together in an ionic bond because the oppositely charged ions attract each other as described by Coulomb's Law.