What does homo-sociality mean? Discuss with reference to ‘Jules et Jim’
Homo-sociality is the relationship between same sexes that is not in sexual or romantic way. It can be seen as friendship, mentorship, or others. Homo-social relationships don’t mean that sexual relationship is obliged. It is just normal human interactions between same sex.
The opposite of homo-social is hetero-social that is to have relations with the opposite sex in friendly manner and not sexual in nature.
Homosociality is very common across the world but is more highlighted in countries in which heterosexual friendship is more prominent, particularly in Middle East countries.
People who are involved in homosociality cannot be directly identified as gays or lesbians in nature. They are straight in their orientation and preference.
Homosociality is also not a display of homosexual behaviors, or something that can lead to homosexuality. It is a relationship characterized by a strong closeness that two people of the same sex can kiss and hold hands. Hugging, teasing and even discussing intimate topics are all too natural for homosocials because of the bonding and the friendship that they have built for years with each other. It can also be used to emphasize characteristics of solidarity between males.
Homosocial relationships include discussion of variety of topics from personal lives to sexuality and family. Homosocials are often show love and kindness to their friends but not in level of sexual purposes. It’s an important tool for people to build bonds of friendship, develop self-confidence and interactions with people, as well as interconnectedness with the people around. In some countries however, homosociality can also lead to homosexuality especially i...
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In the final scene where Jules comes to the cemetery for funeral to bid farewell to his friend Jim and Catherine, he narrated the funeral process where casket of Catherine was relatively small and Jim’s was larger, reflecting his views on both the relationships. He valued his relationship with Jim more and more intimately and thinks of Catherine as the person who ruined the friendship by becoming interference and taking away Jim from him.
In this movie, the classic triangle model was raised but it can be seen as a failure of the homo-social triangle involving a female and the specific reason for it.
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Before examining homosocial desire in specific films, I must first outline the Freudian principles that gave birth to the term "homosocial". According to Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick, Freud's Oedipal triangle is established at an early stage of life when a child attempts to situate itself with respect to a powerful father and a beloved, subservient mother (Sedgwick 22). As such, "homo- and heterosexual outcomes in adults [are] the result of a complicated play of desire for and identification with the parent of each gender: the child routes its desire/identification through the mother to arrive at a role like the father's, or vice versa" (Sedgwick 22). Richard Klein summarizes this argument as follows:
Heberle, Mark. "Contemporary Literary Criticism." O'Brien, Tim. The Things They Carried. Vol. 74. New York, 2001. 312.
Because of this, Steve Duck of University of Iowa refers to women’s studies as “understudied relationships” (Duck 1). In his book, Under-Studied Relationships: Off the Beaten Track, Steve delves into the complicated world that is friendship between women. He reveals that even the best of relationships, more often than not, will “dissolve due to geographical distance”, especially during the transition from high school to college (133). However, Duck claims that this occurrence during young adult transitional periods is “more detrimental to male friendships than female friendships” (133). He explains that, “men’s inability to maintain distal friends may be due to a lack of awareness about and skills to utilize effective strategies that maintain a [friendship]” (184). This argument implies that though males are invested in their friendships, they do not express as much emotional interest in these relationships as their female counterparts. While distance may seem challenging for women to overcome, they collectively put more effort into preserving their friendships than men. Duck further instills this concept by explaining that “women’s same-sex friendships tend to be based more on intimate and emotional discussions than men’s” (186). Men, Duck argues, lack the depth in their friendships that women possess, and, for this reason, have difficulty sustaining a friendship that is met with the strain
There are two type of friendship: homophilic, friends because of same identity, or heterophilic, friends because of interest or proximity (Maxwell, 2002, p 268). Because of an influx of immigrants, Millennials are surrounded by immigrants. Along with Millennials being more optimist and open minded, the presence of a different culture sparks interest, helping form a heterophilic friendship. Because of immigration and Millennials attitudes, friendship between two different culture is plausible and doable, promoting the development of tolerant and acceptance in
Sex is one of the most central themes in society today, with generally everybody in the world, adults and children, either seeing it in the mass media or taking part in it, whether it be for their career, for reproductive reasons, or for pleasure. Because of its predominance, sexuality plays an important, if not the most important, role in social inequality, causing double standards, violence and internal self-worth issues for minorities. Factors such as pornography, prostitution, and the way people view homosexuality and intersexuality as repugnant all influence the prejudice ways in which society views and treats women, homosexuals, and intersexuals.
Rpt. in Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism. Ed. Linda Pavlovski. Vol.
Homosexuality, the sexual attraction between members of the same sex, is a term not coined until the late nineteenth century; however, its prevalence throughout Western history is apparent and cannot be ignored. Some of the earliest accounts of homosexual relationships date back to 700 BCE in Ancient Greece. Spanning from that period up to today, the history of the GLBT (gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender) minority is one that is commonly overlooked. Only by analyzing the historical records of homosexuality can one fully understand the widespread GLBT movement of the current era.
The first possible cause of homosexuality is genetic factors. Homosexuality is a trait from birth (Buchanan, 2000). Studies found that identical twins share many common traits. A study found that identical twins normally share homosexual behavior if one of them is homosexual. This proved that genes are likely to cause homosexuality. In addition, according to (Santinover, 2002), homosexuality is a heritable behavior. Based on heritability studies, almost any human trait is heritable including the homosexual behavior. He stated that behavioral genes are found in specific chromosome. Thus, the behavior is obviously heritable. Moreover, Italian University of Padova (2004) believes that homosexual trait is passed from mother to male offspring by natural ...
Homosexual love relationships is exactly the same to that of a heterosexual couple. Marriage is a commitment that two people make when they love each other, they are willing to spend the rest of their days together, with the person who can be themselves and not have the fear of being judged for what they are, the person which you know is there at all times in good times and in bad times. Not with a person that you 're with only because society is so agreeable. In the United States in 2004 Massachusetts became the first state to legalize marriage be...
A social interaction is a trade between two or more people and is a building piece of society. Social interaction can be contemplated between
Worldwide 15.4 (July 2008): 18-18. LGBT Life with Full Text. EBSCO. 28 Dec. 2008 .
Gender is a socially constructed phenomenon, and how acceptable one’s relationship is determined by society’s view of gender roles. Because the majority of the population is characterized as heterosexual, those who deviate from that path are ...
The long-running stereotype that men and women cannot be “just friends” is demonstrated from casual friends all the way to friendships at work. And with 61 percentage of women in the workplace in 1990 (The First Measured Century), it’s a stereotype that is getting harder to break. For years, development of men and women’s friendships has been a trope in TV and movies. Boy and girl become friends, guy develops feelings, girl gets boyfriend, guy becomes jealous and confesses feelings, and girl realizes she’s been in love with guy all along (Borreli, L. 2016). These expectations of men and women in friendships are bad for business though. Cross-sex friendships are crucial in the workplace. Friends in the workplace provide information, networking, and support that are invaluable for both job performance and satisfaction (Kimmel & Aronson 2014, 542). Bonds between cross-sex friendships are charging according to a study. Men and women often see each other as friends or confidants rather than romantic interests. There are other types of bonds than romantic connections that can occur and does occur between males and
Jacques Balthazart, in the book, Biology of Homosexuality, examines the historical and cultural context in which homosexuality is expressed and attempts to dissect homosexual behavior and cognition from a biological perspective. He explains that there are behaviors in human sexuality that exhibit greater diversity than the sexual behavior of other animals. This exertion may lead one to conclude that human sexuality, as a result of its biological and emotional components, is more complex than the sexuality of other species. (Balthazart, p.4)
Gender and sexuality can be comprehended through social science. Social science is “the study of human society and of individual relationships in and to society” (free dictionary, 2009). The study of social science deals with different aspects of society such as politics, economics, and the social aspects of society. Gender identity is closely interlinked with social science as it is based on an identity of an individual in the society. Sexuality is “the condition of being characterized and distinguished by sex” (free dictionary, 2009). There are different gender identities such as male, female, gay, lesbian, transgender, and bisexual that exists all around the world. There is inequality in gender identities and dominance of a male regardless of which sexuality they fall under. The males are superior over the females and gays superior over the lesbians, however it different depending on the place and circumstances. This paper will look at the gender roles and stereotypes, social policy, and homosexuality from a modern and a traditional society perspective. The three different areas will be compared by the two different societies to understand how much changes has occurred and whether or not anything has really changed. In general a traditional society is more conservative where as a modern society is fundamentally liberal. This is to say that a traditional society lists certain roles depending on the gender and there are stereotypes that are connected with the genders. One must obey the one that is dominant and make decisions. On the other hand, a modern society is lenient, It accepts the individual’s identity and sexuality. There is no inequality and everyone in the society is to be seen as individuals not a part of a family unit...