Hard construction
• Sea Walls
Pros – Provides an outstanding defence where wave energy is high reassures the public and long life span.
Cons- Very expensive, can affect people from accessing the beach, recurred sea walls can increase the erosion of beach material (Internetgeography).
• Groynes
Pros- Cheap retain wide sandy beaches and do not affect access to the beach.
Cons- Beaches to the south of the defences are deprived of beach material due to their affect on long shore drift (Internetgeography).
• Gabions
Pros- Cheap and efficient.
Cons- Shorter life span than a sea wall. Visually unattractive (Internetgeography).
• Revetments
Pros- Less beach material is eroded compared to a sea wall. Cheaper and less obtrusive than a sea wall.
Cons-Short
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Constructed marshland can tolerate both great and small volumes of water and varying contaminant levels (Environmental literacy Council).
Cons- Depending on design, constructed marshlands may require a larger land area than a conventional facility. However, as mentioned before, the extra land can be used productively for purposes besides simply treating wastewater—unlike conventional sewage treatment plants.
Constructed marshlands can, if improperly designed and implemented, expose the odor of the waste stream (too thin a soil layer over the canals, running the canals down too steep a slope, etc.). Properly designed and built, however, constructed marshlands are odor-free (Environmental literacy Council).
• Beach Stabilisation
Pros-very expensive
Cons- lower the profile of the beach while broadening the beach too and also leaves
Hazards on the beach.
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• Managed retreat
• Pros- Managed retreat retains the natural balance of the coastal ecosystem. Eroded material encourages the development of salt marshes and beaches.
• Cons- People lose their livelihood e.g. farmers, fisheries etc. These people will need to be
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.The regenerations of any ecosystem or coastal ecosystem is very difficult and takes time, with the effective management strategies coastal ecosystems will be protected and maintained in such a way that all living things benefit in a conservative and sustainable manner . (STATUS, CHALLENGES AND NEW APPROACHES FOR MANAGEMENT OF THE TRANS-BOUNDARY MT. ELGON ECOSYSTEM: A REVIEW)
The sea wall protected the low-lying farmland and in addition to this the railway that links Ramsgate and London. A smaller recurved concrete sea wall was built west of the Towers to avert flooding at Reculver. Additional wooden groynes were sited on the beaches to delay longshore drift and maintain the shingle beaches, which itself is a defence. In the 1960s the houses at Bishopstone Glen were in danger of being destroyed because the soft clay and sandstone cliffs underneath them were so unstable. As a result another sea wall was built, this time underne... ...
However, if any action is taken to defend the coastline, if you hinder in nature's course of beach erosion, there will always be after effects resulting from unnatural intrusion. This proves that any sea defence could prove a problem especially with the land owned by Nation Trust. Nevertheless if you could prove to the owners of the land to the extent of which erosion is taken place and show them how much LSD is affecting the area, action may well become a better option.
Investigating the Geographical Processes that are Affecting the Physical and Built Coastal Environment There are three geographical processes that are affecting the physical and built coastal environment, they are; erosion, deposition, and transportation. Erosion is the group of natural processes, including weathering, dissolution, abrasion, corrosion, and transportation, by which material is worn away from the earth’s surface, this is mainly caused by wind, running water, and waves breaking on the coast. Deposition is the depositing something or the laying down of matter by a natural process. Transportation is when sand is moved along the coast by long shore drift. At North Cronulla beach erosion is evident.
As can be seen, there is a large fetch distance between Hastings and the French coastline much further south of this map. For over a hundred years, there have been rapid coastal problems at Hastings. However within the last 30 years, there have been drastic measures taken at Hastings to improve the coast and protect the town by implementing strategic coastal management plans where some have been successful and others not so successful. The main idea behind the coastal engineering was to protect the cliff face at certain areas along the coast, and the beach and pier at Hastings.
There are many different types of coasts that exist throughout the United States. The south shore of Long Island has a unique types of coast known as a barrier beach. Barrier beaches are long narrow land forms that are composed of sand and other lose sediments. These sediments are brought together by the actions of waves, currents and storm surges. Barrier beaches are subject to constant changes by the same forces. Sand is constantly eroded in one area an deposited in another. Barrier coasts are important for a number of reasons; they protect the mainland of Long Island from the open ocean and flooding during storms, for recreational use and the unique ecosystems which exist on barrier beaches.
In Activity 35: Building in Boomtown, the ecologist’s reports regarding all three locations prove that this is true. The marsh is a habitat for many distinct species and building there would completely destroy their habitat. Not to mention that building on the Delta Wetlands would also prevent the river from naturally depositing sediments into the marsh and lead them directly to the ocean. This can cause species that rely on the ocean such as fish and birds to become endangered. Compared to the cliff, building on the marsh and the hill have much more impact on the environment and its animals. Many animals live on Green Hill because they have access to water, trees, and food. According to the ecologist’s report for Green Hill, building their would “not only directly reduce the wildlife population by destroying their homes, but it will also stress the animals by preventing them from moving between areas with food and water” (SEPUP C-55). On Seaside Cliff, few animals’ habitats would be destroyed and there would be less of an impact on the environment. This evidence verifies that building on the cliff would be less environmentally damaging. Wildlife and environment is an important factor when considering building because it is better to have minimal amount of damage to the
Longshore drift is a process by which sediments are transported from one place to another. When this process occurs, beaches, spits and sandbars are accreted over time. If the process of longshore drift is altered by factors such as stronger winds and stronger currents, beach erosion begins at a faster rate and this may result in many serious problems. The main stakeholders of longshore drift are resort owners. They rely on people to visit their resorts and enjoy the beach. However, if longshore drift erodes t...
The best wall systems are highly resistant to water, wind, mechanical damage, and vermin entry. They are reasonably priced, easy to install, and low maintenance, have great cosmetic appeal, and provide good security. They also provide thermal insulation and have a long life expectancy. Most sidings do only some of these things well. There are no perfect siding materials.
Semaphore Beach is affected by many factors such as natural processes and human impacts including marine litter and the discharge of stormwater. Therefore, several plans have been employed to ensure that the coast is supported through the method of counteracting erosion. However in the future, many management strategies have been put into consideration as well as the environmental, economic and social impacts as well as the predicted consequences. These impacts include traffic related incidents, noises and air pollution and the disruption of wildlife and the erosion of dunes. A method that should be considered for future management of the beach is the use of a concave sea wall, although efficient, this structure would be quite costly. Without the use of coastal management, Semaphore Beach would be unsupported, therefore negatively being affected by a variety of
Surfers, swimmers and sunbathers use beaches for recreation. People fish off beaches for food. Since many people take their vacations at the beach, lots of beaches in tropical locations are important to their country’s economy. Entire cities, regions and countries depend on the money tourists spend while visiting the beach. Beaches are naturally very dynamic places, but people try to control them and build permanent structures, such as houses, restaurants, shops and hotels, on or near the shore. The natural erosion and deposition of beaches becomes a problem. Beaches con disappear over time, or even over night during severe storms. Beaches are areas of loose sediment (sand, gravel, cobbles) controlled by ocean processes. Most beaches have several characteristic features. First are offshore bars, which help protect beaches from erosion. Next is the foreshore, which rises from the water toward the crest of the next feature; a berm. On low-lying shores, dunes form behind beaches. Dunes look like rolling hills of sand and are blown into place by the wind. New, smaller dunes are often changing shape as the wind continues to affect them. Waves and currents move the accumulated sediment constantly creating, eroding and changing the coastlines.
This paper introduces the environmental concerns of the loss of coastal wetlands. The paper will discuss the significance of wetlands and the devastation that is occurring because of human activity. Wetlands are an essential element of our environment both ecological and societal; conservation will be essential for the preservation of these precious ecosystems.
The question that I will be answering for my coursework is which is best at protecting the Northumberland coastline – groynes or beach nourishment. I will be going to Blyth beach also I will be visiting Newbiggen beach I am investigating the Northumberland coastline as part of my geography coursework also because I live in the UK and I want to see how safe the people of the UK are with the safety of the coastline and its defences against coastal erosion. We will be visiting the Northumberland coastline on Thursday the 15th of May 2014.
Between 300 and 400 million people worldwide live in areas near wetlands and depend on them. Wetlands are mechanisms for treatment of wastewater are extremely efficient because they absorb chemicals and filter pollutants and sediments. Half the world's wetlands have disappeared due to urbanization and industrial development. The only way to achieve sustainable development and poverty reduction will be through better management of rivers and wetlands, and the land they drain and drain as well as through increased investment in them.
Planting trees and certain other herbaceous plants can have a significantly positive impact on the mitigation of soil erosion. Some great plants that are useful when trying to control soil erosion are sage, buckwheat, and oak trees. This will help keep the water from soiling up and another way is that wrappers, bottles and other trash are unfortunately a common sight at many well-used beaches and rivers around the world. It should be obvious that the trash from these places often ends up in waterways and can cause pollution. Plastics are an especially big issue when it comes to water contamination at beaches and waterways.
The problem with contaminated beaches will soon take effect on everyone. The main causes that pollution creates in the beaches are from heavy rainfall, natural disasters, and plant malfunctions. Government agencies cannot control the weather, but they can control what goes into the water. In the United States, the number one reason why beaches are closed down are due to contamination in the water that may be harmful and are left untreated. The arising problem with the beach is that the industries are producing toxic chemicals and tossing the unwanted waste into the ocean. Also, the public are recklessly throwing their trash out into the streets. A prime example to demonstrate this is, if someone was trying to throw a bottle into a street trashcan but missed, he/she is unlikely to pick up after himself/herself if no one was around to see it. This scenario causes pollution to the sidewalks. When mother nature disasters occur, these waste products will end up in the storm drains and into the sewage system. The overflow of debri from the cities can flow into the rivers and if not preserved, it can flow into the ocean. The rivers will then carry these human caused waste into t...