According to the latest announce from Hong Kong Housing Authority, the average waiting time for public rental housing (PRH) of general application is more than 4 years. The below table show the average waiting time for public rental housing has been raised from 2.7 years to 4.1 years, which implies an upward trend. The average waiting time is expected to be increased continuously in future due to raising number of application. In a result of shortage of land, high property price and high rents in Hong Kong, public rental housing becomes the best housing solution for low income people, which increase the demand of public housing.
However, the so-called “average waiting time” is not accurate because the waiting time for different groups of
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As low income people can’t afford the high rents for private flats, subdivided flats is popular among low income people due to lower rent even though the living condition is cramped and low quality. The imbalance between supply and demand of public housing also make applicants have long wait for public units. During the long waiting time, these low-income families have to live in subdivided flats due to lower rentals. As a fact, not all families in subdivided flats apply for public housing due to excessed income and asset limits. Research by Society for Community Organization shows that 41.3% of families with children don not apply for public housing. However, they still can’t afford the high rentals for private housing and they could only turn to live in subdivided flats.
Also, this trend is contributed by the increasing number of working poor families in Hong Kong. Working poor families means household living under the poverty line with at least one employed family member. Despite the government claims to tackle this issue since 2013, the number still increased by 10 per cent to 190,000 families. One of reasons is the current minimum wage cannot catch up with inflation and the high expenditure such as rentals. Therefore, it is expected that there is increasing population of subdivided flats in future before the housing supply issue is tackled.
Increasing Number of Children in Subdivided
Gentrification is defined as the process by which the wealthy or upper middle class uproot poorer individuals through the renovation and rebuilding of poor neighborhoods. Many long-term residents find themselves no longer able to afford to live in an area, where the rent and property values are increasing. Gentrification is a very controversial topic, revealing both the positive and negative aspects of the process. Some of the more desirable outcomes include reduced crime rate, increased economic activity, and the building of new infrastructures. However, it is debated whether the negatives overwhelm the positive. An increase in the number of evictions of low-income families, often racial minorities can lead to a decline of diversity
The lack of available social housing is mainly due to stock levels steadily diminishing each year since 1980, after tenants bought nearly half-a-million council houses under the ‘Right to Buy’ scheme. This coupled with the decline in house building; which is currently at its lowest level since 1946, has brought about a shameful lack of affordable public housing (Turffrey, 2010).
Housing Affordability in Australia has become the focus point for urban planners in recent years. In particular, South East Queensland (SEQ) has experienced significant pressure as the demand for property and affordable dwellings increases and population growth in the region continues. The issue has come to the forefront in discussions for local governments in the region and there is a real need to address the problem of housing affordability. The subject of affordability is complex and is contributed to by a number of factors including the impost created by Council processes, which is the scope of the HAF-T5 Project.
The working poor are defined as people who are employed but have incomes that fall below the poverty line . The families classified as the “working poor”, make up about 72 percent of low income families . It is common misconception that those families who live in poverty so not work enough to provide for their families. Those more unfortunate people who work for low wages are often blamed for not being more conservative in their spending habits. It is also assumed that these people do not work long enough hours. These viewpoints are often false for many working poor families. This can be seen by the fact that the average low income family has a work effort of around twenty-five hundred hours or the equivalent of one and one-quarter forty hour a week jobs .
The concept of the "working poor" has gained prominence in the post-welfare reform era. As welfare rolls shrunk, the focus shifted from the dependent poor to the working poor. It was obvious that without substantial outside support, even families with full-time low-wage workers were still earning less than the official poverty line. And while American society purports that anyone can prosper if they work hard enough, it became apparent that with inadequate opportunity or bad luck, a growing number of families could not attain the American dream, or even break the cycle of poverty. The new challenge for American social policy is to help the working poor lift themselves out of poverty. That's why progressives who supported ending welfare as we know it have set a new goal -- the government should "make work pay" so that no one who works full time is poor.
... revealed that longer waiting times has negatively impacted the lives of not only patients, but also healthcare providers . Some QI strategies implemented such as simulation tools, fast -track and reorganization of the ED by several hospitals has shown some improvement in workflow thus decreasing overcrowding and the length of time spent in the ED. As healthcare leaders, the focus should reside on ongoing advocacy for new policies or guidelines to resolve the waiting time issues and addressing limitations of previous interventions. Addressing the ED issues, Leaders should abide by the IOM report considering overcrowding as a mostly external or a system-wide issue. Implementing preventive measures described earlier will help not only to decrease WT in the ED, but also to avoid future incidents similar to the one recently experienced in St Barnabas Hospital.
The number of poor people in 2012 was 49.7 million, or 16 percent. That exceeds the record 46.5 million,...
For those of us with warm roofs over our heads and groceries on the table the problem of affordable housing does not often surface. But for low-income families, where half the income can disappear simply trying to keep the family sheltered in an acceptable home, the problem is a daily one. President of the BRIDGE Housing Corporation Donald Terner and columnist Brad Terner argue that affordable housing is a problem that should involve everyone. From your local supermarket clerk to your child’s science teacher, the problem of affordable housing can affect us all.
This paper will be predominantly focusing on public housing within Ontario. Not only will it look at the basics of Ontario but examine more directly on Regent Park within Toronto. It will discuss what public housing is and the explanation for why it exists, the government housing programs that are present with regards to public housing and the results of the government programs. The Purpose of this essay is to argue that the problem of public housing will never
Gentrification also typically entails providing services (e.g., good-quality schools) and jobs in these neighborhoods. No family needs to be forced out but encouraged to seek a better life not only for them but their children. As much as many families will love to move from their neighborhoods to seek better life in another area, due to lack of money, many choose to stay and endure. An alternative strategy talked about in the paper is to move non-poor families into poor neighborhoods to change the mix and reduce poverty concentration and
The housing affordability crisis has been slowly developing over decades. This implies that young households – in particular young families who want to get their feet on the owner-occupied housing ladder, are hardest hit by the crisis. (Housing Supply Working Group) It is clear, historically, that even with significant private sector rental development, there will always be a need for some government role in assisting low-income households with housing affordability and other income problems. The impact of lack in rental supply and the consequent upward the pressure on rents is pressuring on all levels of government for assistance to low income households so that they can afford suitable and adequate housing. And the household formation will be delayed as young people are unable to find affordable rental accommodation if the shortfall units of rental housings keep remaining. (Housing Supply Working
In discussions of Gentrification, one controversial issue has been with displacement. Gentrification is the process of renovating and repairing a house or district so that it complies to wealthier residents (Biro, 2007, p. 42). Displacement is a result of gentrification, and is a major issue for lower income families. Gentrification is causing lower-income residents to move out of their apartments because they’re being displaced by upper class residents who can afford high rent prices and more successful businesses. Throughout out the essay, I will discuss how gentrification affects lower income residents and how it results in displacement. Then I will follow on by discussing some positive and negative effects that take place because of Gentrification.
The case study, ‘Waiting for Clearance’, concentrates on the leadership concept of followership and how it affects followers and leaders within an organization. The company involved in the case study is Alvon Biometrics. The case study and analysis by our virtual team is about the relationship between CEO Tony Bussard, and his COO, Juan Carlos De La Vega. The case study questions concentrate on exploring followership concepts relating to how COO Juan De La Vega’s handling of repairing the follower-leadership relationship that he has with CEO Bussard a year after being hired by the Alvon Biometrics Company. The next several sections of this paper will answer key questions, followed by identifying
In 1990, Schwarz (1990) stated about one in five American families lived beneath the poverty line. According Lein (2013), it is estimated that as of the beginning of 2011, about 1.46 million U.S. households with about 2.8 million children were surviving on $2 or less in income per person per day in a given month. This constitutes almost 20 percent of all non-elderly households with children living in poverty. About 866,000 households appear to live in extreme poverty across a full calendar quarter. The prevalence of extreme poverty rose sharply between 1996 and 2011(Lein, 2013).
Many constructors tend to want to build higher-class housing from which they can make good profits rather than construct essential housing for working class families. As a result, this becomes problematic in that housing will fall on the governments which already face great financial problem with the overall development of their countries. Nonetheless, many underdeveloped countries strains are imposed by the lower standards of health and hygiene and by the need to provide additional educational facilities for rapidly growing populations. Problems of providing social services such as water, sanitation, and sewage disposal are aggravated by poverty of migrants in the cities such as Lagos, Rio de Janeiro, Vienna, New York, Mumbai or Johannesburg,