Tooth Development Stages

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The stages of tooth development There are several stages of tooth development which are initiation, bud stage, cap stage, bell stage, apposition, maturation and root formation and eruption. Prior to initiation, after about 7 weeks in the utero, the band of thickened epithelium develops into the upper and lower jaw and gives rise to the vestibular and dental lamina. These bands grow thicker as it is condensed with cells which is the origin of the forming tooth. These bands then develop blood vessels and soon this forms the arch with the alveolar process. Initiation The initiation of the tooth is the induction process between the epithelium and connective tissue resulting in the growth of the dental lamina into the connective tissue. This process …show more content…

(Obtained from http://histology-world.com/photoalbum//displayimage.php?pid=558 ) Cap stage The cap stage occurs during the ninth to tenth week of development. The cap stage is where further growth of the bud that becomes indented and covers the connective tissue that is called the dental papilla; the cells of the cap are morphodifferentiated into four layers namely the enamel organ (previously dental lamina), dental papilla and dental sac (previously mesenchyme cells). During the cap stage, the growth and differentiation of different tissues involved give rise to distinct function and morphology of the tooth components. The dental cap is formed as a result of the morphodifferentiation of mesenchyme cells which surround the enamel organ. The term “cap” is used because the tissue formed encapsulates the enamel organ. The invagination between two “lobes” of the dental sac gives rise to dental papilla. According to Ten Cate’s Oral Histology textbook, when the enamel knot is formed, there are many signaling molecules that are expressed, including Bmp2, Bmp4, Bmp7, Fgf4, Fgf9, Wnt10b, Slit1 and Shh. The enamel knot signals are formed at the future cusps (example: molars) Eventually, the enamel organ will form the enamel, the dental papilla will form the dentin and pulp, and the dental sac will form the supporting structures of a tooth (peridontium, cementum and the alveolar

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