Theory Of Broken Windows Theory

Journal of Criminal Investigation, 5(1), 86-91. Pitts, W. J., Givens, E., & McNeeley, S. (2009). The need for a holistic approach to specialized domestic violence court programming: Evaluating offender rehabilitation needs and recidivism. Juvenile & Family Court Journal, 60(3), 1-21. doi:10.1111/j.1755-6988.2009.01029.x. Policastro, C., & Payne, B. K. (2013).

There are several initiatives that the Cincinnati Police Department (CPD) is engaged in that are related to community crime prevention. Social development is a key feature of these initiatives. CPD prides itself in using problem-solving approaches when combatting crime, and is heavily involved in youth engagement. The Police Chief has placed emphasis on targeting at-risk youth and bridging the gap between youth and police. The Chief also stresses the importance of a working relationship with community citizens as well as with businesses and city departments.

Statistics were involved explaining how characteristics of police and communities affect the incidence of filed complaints on police violence. There were two hypotheses on threatening minorities made relatively to complaints. These authors had made analytical theories behind Cheh, M. "Are lawsuits an answer to police brutality." Police violence: Understanding and controlling police abuse of force (1996): 247-72. In the book, the author inform how effective is the lawsuit or criminal prosecution to help resolve police brutality.

(Maguire, Morgan and Reiner, 2012) Wilson and Kelling argued that if behaviour such as graffiti, rowdy behaviour, drunkenness and vandalism is un-tackled this can turn stable neighbourhoods into broken down neighbourhoods with fears of crime. They further argued that behaviour that is left unchecked likewise properties can lead to a breakdown of community control. This is because bad manners causes fear which leads to avoidance and some residence moving away, this promotes informal social control that paves the way for more extreme types of violent behaviour and crime. To stop the breakdown of community control, Wilson and Kelling proposed that any unfavourable act should be tackled immediate. If not, this leads the way for individuals to push the boundary and attempt more serious crimes.

This can allow the police to have more resources to focus on other functions of policing like training. Police can improve community involvement with the use of citizen patrols, citizen academies, Neighborhood Watch and educational programs. Self-organization, self-policing, and self-help are all important ways that the community should be encouraged to do which supports the police in community policing and can help reduce crime and improve quality of life (Nicholl, C. G., 1999). Community support includes surveillance, supporting victims and being willing witnesses when crimes do occur (Williams, B. 2005).

How is the effectiveness of a neighborhood watch program measured? According to Slatter (2009), “the effectiveness of a watch program can be measured by 1). the relationship between citizens and residents which may be intensified with strong, positive communication and ties 2). residents are able to express and enjoy their safety and well-being and 3). more com... ... middle of paper ... ...is research article, the author paid attention to using literature that was examined, compared and tested in different areas.” This article advises policy makers and communities to form stronger relationships with police authorities and concentrate on preventing crime, reduce fear of crime and improve the lives of residents.

Our society today relies on many public service agencies/departments to fulfill the void for a need that one person desires. One of the most used and scrutinized public services today are police departments. Police Officers are the blankets of security for society, and for most individuals, they are who society turns to when difficult dilemma that requires attention. During this paper, I will focus the effectiveness of street patrol & car patrol method used by police officers and breakdown one of the theories that have led to these methods. The "Broken Windows" Theory and Community Supervision states that: One of the most influential theories in recent criminal justice literature is that of "broken windows.

In community policing, officers need to work with citizens to put a clamp on crime. In the past officers have tried to solve all the community issues on their own (Ortmeier, 2006). However, it came to be that officers who are essential to the citizens, was also vice versa. With community policing, it focuses on relationships of trust, with cooperation between both. The theme of community policing is that the law enforcement can be more attentive, proactive, and community sensitive (Greene, 2000).

By the end of the paper, readers should gain knowledge of community crime prevention programs and relate to how the programs assist their communities involving relationships between police and citizens, improving the quality of the community, and overall crime prevention in the community. Neighborhood watch is one of the most popular and widely used community crime prevention programs in the world. It is estimated that around 41% of United States neighborhood watch programs cover neighborhoods. Neighborhood watch originated out of Seattle, Washington and then spread continuously throughout the United States and United Kingdom (Bennett, Holloway, Farrington, 2... ... middle of paper ... ...A. Braga, and A. Piehl (2001) Reducing Gun Violence: The Boston Gun Project’s Operation Ceasefire. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice.

Community Oriented Policing has always been a topic that comes up in the Criminal Justice Department time after time. There are always ways to improve the traditions of the community and the officers not respecting each other. Community-Oriented Policing is based around relationships. Community police supports the use of partnerships and problem-solving methods in order to give a statement regarding the rise of public safety, dealing with crime, community ordinance, and fear of crime. In community-oriented policing the following are all assigned roles in order to increase their relationships: community, police, and chief of police.