Max Weber developed a concept of power explaining 3 sources of it. Relatively to sources he distinguished charismatic, traditional and legal types of authority. Richard Emerson continued to work on the concept of power. He studies power-dependence relation and looks deeper on its nature. Emerson explains that dependency of one subject - B (person or group) from the other subject A (person or group) develops, when there is a desirable goal or need and limitation on its availability and when subject A can facilitate in reaching of this goal. At the same moment subject A develop a power upon subject B. The definition of power suggested in the article is an ability to overcome resistance. Thus subject A can force subject B to overcome resistance to something that he does not want to do in exchange of a desirable goal or reward. The goal in this context could be love or friendship or any other thing that can be a valuable yet unavailable for one and
Mills highlights the unjust power of the power elite for imposing their power in an organized and planned manner, infringing on the democratic and political rights of those who are not part of the power elite.
In Considerations on Representative Government, Mill denounces the idea that a despotic monarchy headed by a good despot is the best form of government. Mill goes on to share the reason behind this idea. The reason lies in the supposition that a distinguished individual with absolute power will ensure that all the duties of government is performed intelligently and virtuously. Mill does not disagree with this belief but he finds the need to address it. He states that an “all-seeing” monarch rather than a “good monarch” is needed. The despot would need to be informed correctly and in detail at all time, and be able to oversee every division of administration with effective attention and care in the twenty-four hours per day he has. If not, the
In On Liberty by John Stuart Mills, he presents four arguments regarding freedom of expression. According to Mills, we should encourage free speech and discussion, even though it may oppose a belief you deem to be true. Essentially, when you open up to other opinions, Mills believes you will end up closer to the truth. Instead of just accepting something as true because you are told, Mills argues that accepting both sides will make you understand why your side is true or false. Mills is persuasive in all four of his claims because as history would show, accepting both sides of an argument is how society improves.
The writings of John Stuart Mill have been viewed as a pathway to becoming an individual and support for liberalism. Mill’s work On Liberty, promotes individuality as important for the positive progression of society and as good for everyone. Individualism is seen as necessary to having a progressive society that is accepting of other thoughts and lifestyles. The opinions of others is thought of as to be necessary to society, and “are rested not so much on its truth.” Mill writes from the Utilitarian view, which is taking actions that would most likely help the greatest amount of people, and this view looks at what a society should do and not what society is actually doing. Within his writings, Mill set out to solve the issue of how to be an individual that will be capable of escaping the possible oppression from the government or the tyranny of the majority but there are two weak points within the writings. First, there is inequalities created by the economy that are present in society, and second, there is the possible creation of oppression of the freedom of press by the individuality.
In conlclusion, Mill’s notions of the government’s paternal role is praiseworthy but if looked at more closely it can create a lot of problems which Mill maybe overlooked.
John Stuart Mill was a very influential Western Philosopher who had a different conception of liberty. Mill believed that it was necessary for society to have individualism. In his work “On Liberty” Mill tries to argue that the only time an authoritative body has the right to interfere with an individual is when it is for their own protection. (Quote) To back his argument Mill discusses three kinds of freedom he thinks a free society should have: 1. Freedom of thought and opinion, 2. The pursuit of ones own ends, and 3. How much power does an authoritative body have over an individual.
In 1859, a philosopher named John Stuart Mill wrote a book called On Liberty which discusses his defense of “toleration” in a liberalistic view. This view intertwines with the concept of utilitarianism, a system that Mill contributed to so drastically, that even after 154 years of possible obliteration from reviewers, his efforts, but more importantly his work, has not only been approved, but also embraced, thanks to its highly appropriate symbolism. This book has postulated some philosophical questions, and through his five chapters, he discusses his favoring of toleration, but only to a certain extent.
John Stuart Mill's On Liberty
Imagine going through life not questioning anything that anyone tells you. Anything that is said to be true you would just agree with and not question the statement for yourself. Imagine how blindly you would go through life not finding anything out for yourself. A good example of this is something that just happened to me today. I have always been told that the population of the United States is 240 million and I have been told that for the longest time, even recently within the last month.
The definition of Sociology is that it is the study of human societies through the synthesis of theoretical analysis and controlled research, focusing on the social patterns and forces that influence humans.