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Bartleby the Scrivener
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Bartleby the Scrivener
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"Bartleby the Scrivener" presents the reader with confusion throughout the story but it is a "pleasurable and disquietude" story and entertaining until the end (Prompt.) Bartleby is repetitive on refusing to complete activities; the reader might wonder, "why not just agree, and do the activity one has requested to be completed?" Thus, the reader becomes confused. However, this is not the only thing that confuses the reader; Bartleby's bizarre behaviors confuse the reader, yet draw the reader into the story more. These behaviors lead to unhealthy relationships and even unhealthy diets; both build up to the ending of the story- Bartlyby's death. Bartleby expresses the passion of not wanting to complete a duty by stating, "I prefer not to"(Melville 155.) This conveys the obviousness of Bartleby's utter rudeness, while, he still remains respectful to his fellow employees and employer. This repetitive statement encourages the reader to pursue an investigation of why Bartleby refuses to complete duties assigned to him; thus, the reader must read on, to break their confusion. It also indicates that Bartleby has no ambition: The narrator, Bartleby's employer, constantly request Bartleby to complete an assignment, Bartleby declines with his favorite statement, "I prefer not to," each time the narrator requests Bartleby to complete a task (Melville 155.) One can infer that Bartleby is unconcerned with his job and the requests made of him are of less concern. Instead, Bartleby is simply there to be present and nothing more. Bartleby no longer completes duties and sits in his excluded office area, by himself, all day, staring out of a dirty window. If one is interested in his job, they will complete the jobs required task diligently, to prov... ... middle of paper ... ... narrator away; although, the narrator is trying to learn about Bartleby and why the Bartleby acts the way he does. This push causes the narrator to become frustrated with Bartleby and soon the narrator no longer wishes to learn about Bartleby or have anything to do with Bartleby; thus, the narrator decides to rid of Bartleby's presence in the office. However, this does not sit well with Bartleby and Bartleby refuses to leave. Thus, the narrator must move the office to a new location. Unfortunately, Bartleby is arrested and death soon consumes Bartleby. The relationship of the narrator and Bartleby is strained and one might wonder why Bartleby just did not try to communicate with the narrator. Depression crept up on Bartleby, took control, and took Bartleby away. Anyone that has a relationship with Bartleby is no longer important and the relationship soon diminishes
The set up of this environment clearly gives a sense of entrapment as every direction Bartleby faces he is met with another wall and must maintain his focus on copying, on working. The lawyer however, shows no sign of this being a bad thing; he simply sees the sharing of the office as a convenience to be able to call Bartleby to run his errands whenever he calls and doesn’t even have to look at Bartleby, a separation of humanity or social contact. As the story progresses, Bartleby refuses requests like checking the copies or going to the post office and eventually begins refusing to work entirely but this is seen as simply Bartleby being odd and not as a resistance to work but rather there is a cause for his refusal to work, as stated by the narrator, his eyes were perhaps hurt and needed time to recover. As time goes on Bartleby still refuses to work and lives in the office and this bothers the narrator to the point of having him evicted from the premises by use of force, calling the authorities and having him thrown in prison.... ...
Bartleby demonstrates behaviours indicative of depression, the symptoms he has in accordance with the DSM-IV are a loss of interest in activities accompanied by a change in appetite, sleep, and feelings of guilt (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition, 320). Very shortly after Bartleby begins his work as a Scrivener he is described by the narrator as having done “nothing but stand at his window in his dead-wall revery”. (Melville, 126) In contrast, Bartleby had previously been described as a very hard worker and this process of doing increasingly less shows how his a diminishing sense of interest both in his work but also of the perception others have of him. It is also noted that included in this lack of interest is a social withdrawal (DSM—IV, 321) which corresponds well to Bartleby in that his workspace becomes known as his “hermitage”. During small talk which included Bartleby he says that he “would prefer to be left alone”. (Melville, 120) Bartleby only emerges from his hermitage when called upon and quickly returns when faced with confrontation.
One of the literary elements that Melville uses that convey the narrator's attitude towards Bartleby is diction. The author's diction in this short story is very descriptive and is also slightly comical. One of the ways this is used is when the author gently mocks the narrator by having him expose his flaws through his own words. For example, when the narrator talks of John Jacob Astor, a well respected man who complemented him, we find out how full of himself he is and how highly he thinks of himself. "The late John Jacob Astor, a parsonage little given to poetic enthusiasm, had no hesitation in pronouncing my first grand point…I will freely add, that I was not insensible to the late John Jacob Astor's good opinion." (Page 122, Paragraph2) Another example of the author's use of diction appears on page 127 in paragraph 2; "At first, Bartleby did an extraordinary quantity of writing. As if long famished for something to copy, he seemed to gorge himself on my documents. There was no pause for digestion. He ran a day and night line, copying by sunlight and by candle-light. I should have been quite delighted with his application, had he been cheerfully industrious. But he wrote on silently, palely, mechanically." Here the narrator's description of Bartleby's writing habits in the office, at first, tell us that he is very pleased with his progress and the work he has done but then it tells us that he is not very enthusiastic but...
Language is the key, crucial part of this short story. Bartleby, the epitome of mystery and frustration in the office, constantly uses the term ‘I prefer not to’, to exhibit his unwillingness to comply with his boss's requests to proofread his rough draft. “The very language that Bartleby uses as he puts aside the tasks demanded of him shows the extent of to which he does not participate in the conventions of the Wall Street World” (Matturi, 7).
Through Bartleby’s flat and static character type, it is amazing how many different types of conflict he causes. From the first order to examine the law copies, to the last request to dine in the prison, Bartleby’s conflictive reply of “I would prefer not to” stays the same (Melville 150). In this way, he is a very simple character, yet he is still very hard to truly understand. Even ...
In order to illustrate Melville’s emphasis on failed communication, he created Bartleby as a scrivener, or copier, an occupation that blatantly suggests the possession of machine-like qualities. A scrivener’s purpose, more or less, is to act as a human version of the modern-day Xerox machine. For an individual to purposely choose a profession such as this one would say a great deal about said individual. He would, more likely than not, be both mundane and dutiful. His vision would be small, and his goals, perhaps, nonexistent. The lawyer wants, and employs, men who fit this description -- men like Turkey and Nippers. He describes Turkey as "a most valuable person to me, . . . the quickest, steadiest creature too, accomplishing a great deal of ...
He starts to disconnect himself by refusing to do work given to him by his boss, this comes from his desire to be complacent, which we find out when he says “I like to be stationary,” when talking to the lawyer (127). Bartleby continues to change throughout the story, as he goes from being an employee who won’t do his work, to never leaving the office and essentially making it his home. According to Todd Giles, “Bartleby's silence establishes distance,” meaning that he becomes so out of place that people stop expecting of him (Giles, 2007). What this causes is the need for Bartleby to be removed from the Wall Street Office. The lawyer tries in many different ways to do so, and even offers him more money than he is owed if he will quit. Bartleby refuses and continues to stay in the building, doing nothing, detached from the world around him. Eventually the lawyer changes offices due to Bartleby and leaves him there for the next buyer. Bartleby is forced out by the new owner, and in time it is told the police he is a vagrant and he is thrown into jail. Bartleby’s story ends
Bartleby is a man who is in charge of his own life by having a free will and living a life of preference. His infamous line "I prefer not to" appears in the story numerous times. His choice of preference leads to the downfall of his life. Bartleby made several crucial mistakes that lead to his downfall. His first mistake was when the attorney asked him to make copies and run errands for him and Bartleby preferred not to do so. "At this early stage of his attempt to act by his preferences, Bartleby has done nothing more serious than break the ground rules of the attorney's office by avoiding duties the attorney is accustomed to having his scriveners perform" (Patrick 45). An employee is also supposed to do tasks in the job description and when these tasks are not accomplished or done correctly, not once but several times, it usually leads to termination. Bartleby is a rare case because he does not get fired. This in turn results in his second mistake. Since he was able to get away with not doing anything, Bartleby opted to take the next step and quit his job or in his own words, "give up copying" (Melville 2345). Quitting caused him to have more troubles than he had before. Bartleby then...
Melville intends something less black and white with more gray shading. Melville uses dramatic irony and grim humor in “Bartleby, the Scrivener: A Story of Wall Street. This is to show the reader how the Lawyer assumes he is a safe, successful and powerful man with extensive control in his polite society until he hires a man named Bartleby. This relationship is slowly revealed to be quite a conundrum for the Lawyer and the reader. Melville shows how the Lawyer never had any power or control over Bartleby but quite the opposite; Bartleby held all the power and control in this relationship. I will explore the important of the power struggle and the fight to maintain control between the Lawyer and Bartleby.
“ As if long famishing for something to copy, he seemed to gorge himself on my documents. There was no pause for digestion. He ran a day and nightline, copying by sunlight and by candlelight (Bartleby, 18).” The narrator states, “ I should have been quite delighted with his application,”, but because Bartleby was a silent individual it puzzled him (Bartleby, 18). When Bartleby is asked to review his work he replies, “ I would prefer not to”. This refusal by Bartleby is seen as a critique of labor and capitalism (Reed, 255). His refusal to do what is asked of him is seen as Bartleby’s rejection of this capitalistic society. A society that has oppressed him and in turn he feels the need to be able to take control of his own life (Reed,
Bartleby- The Scrivener In Herman Melville’s “Bartleby the Scrivener”, the author uses several themes to convey his ideas. The three most important themes are alienation, man’s desire to have a free conscience, and man’s desire to avoid conflict. Melville uses the actions of an eccentric scrivener named Bartleby, and the responses of his cohorts, to show these underlying themes to the reader. The first theme, alienation, is displayed best by Bartleby’s actions. He has a divider put up so that the other scriveners cannot see him, while all of them have desks out in the open so they are full view of each other, as well as the narrator. This caused discourse with all of the others in the office. This is proven when Turkey exclaims, “ I think I’ll just step behind his screen and black his eyes for him.”(p.2411) The other scriveners also felt alienated by the actions of the narrator. His lack of resolve when dealing with Bartleby angered them because they knew that if they would have taken the same actions, they would have been dismissed much more rapidly. The narrator admits to this when he said, “ With any other man I should have flown outright into a dreadful passion, scorned all further words, and thrust him ignominiously from my presence.” (2409) The next theme is man’s desire to avoid conflict. The narrator avoids conflict on several occasions. The first time Bartleby refused to proofread a paper, the narrator simply had someone else do it instead of confronting him and re...
Edgar Allan Poe and Herman Melville are two authors who belong to dark Romanticism. They both have created various works and have different styles of expression. However, their writing can be related with one another at some points. The story of “Bartleby the Scrivener” by Herman Melville begins when a lawyer complains that this profession has took him "into more than ordinary contact with what would seem an interesting and somewhat singular set of men the law-copyists or scriveners" (Melville 2). Bartleby is a person who is hired by a lawyer; even that he has three other copyists working for him in his office. He always admits to do all the work he is asked, expect one day when he is asked to examine a file Bartleby replies: "I would prefer not to" (Melville 8). At first, that seemed acquitted, but rapidly it becomes a chant. At the other hand, “William Wilson” by Edgar Allan Poe talks about a character that gives everything to fulfill his ambition, who afterward loses his identity and don’t know who he is anymore. The things start getting complicated when he realizes that another person exists with the exact appearance, name, the way of speaking, and even the same birthday as his. Subsequently, William Wilson becomes obsessed with the second William Wilson and at the start they find it hard to ignore each other, while their peers thought that they were brothers. At the end of the story, William Wilson who is angry and annoyed with the other Wilson confronts him, where second William Wilson finds death. The main similarity of the main characters of the stories of “Bartleby the Scrivener” written by Herman Melville and “William Wilson” written by Edgar Allan Poe is because they both are described in the first person. I w...
...d, and left as he is. No one cared to spend their time trying to opened him and read his story, "Bartleby, like the rumor of the dead-letter office, is that which never arrives in any form of quantifiable totality" (Giles).Exactly how the letters are left after they have arrived to the dead letter office is how Bartleby planned to stay after he left the dead letter office. Until the narrator grew attached to Bartleby without much realization; making the narrator not wanting to leave Bartleby and for Bartleby to not leave the world the way he did.
His lack of connection and rejection of normal human interaction characterizes Bartleby as an anti-character of the realist version of the people that fill this story. He is working against the mindless, menial job he does not care about: a direct opposition to the ideas of realism. Bartleby tries and fails to connect with the lawyer. Their mindsets differ too greatly for them to be able to relate to one another. The lawyer, try as he might, is unable to fully uncover bartleby; he can only assume. Bartleby is unable to express himself and therefore remains a mystery to everyone. His inaction, more so than his actions, alienate him from society and prevent him from making meaningful human
The story of Bartleby was a very interesting story open for many different interpretations. Melville does and excellent job building suspension towards different thoughts as to what caused Bartleby to become an emotionless incapable worker. Here is evidence throughout the story to reflect the kindheartedness of the narrator. After reading this work the last quote “Ah Bartleby, Ah humanity” stood out as a cry of sadness for failing to understand and further assist Bartleby. After the numerous attempts He describes himself an elder lawyer that has his own office with a total of four employees including Bartleby. The narrator takes the time to learn the qualities of each individual not just on a performance basis however, personally as well.