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Factors that influence mate selection
Factors that influence mate selection
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Keith Stanovich, author of The Robot’s Rebellion: Finding Meaning in the Age of Darwin, Stanovich explains that our brains have a preinstalled autonomous set of systems by our genes. The autonomous set of systems (TASS) has one goal which is to replicate within hosts(living organisms), for the genes to reside within. The host as Stanovich explains is only a vehicle for the genes to keep alive and going only for its own interest. For my base I will be using what Stanovich explains about genes from his book The Robot’s Rebellion, for my target example, I will be describing some ideas from one of Jim Davies’s slides about mate selections, and what women want from the Evolutionary Psychology slide.
In the slide about mate selection, it explains
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And a male who cannot support a child will most likely be neglected by a females genes because of being able to take care of the child well is very low, while a male who can support a child is more likely to be accepted by the genes because the child can be supported, the genes …show more content…
The reason women want compatible immune systems is because a child with a good immune systems has a higher chance of surviving and replicating for the genes to keep going. The reason a male prefers the smell of a shirt of ovulating women is because the genes unconsciously evolved the males brain to enjoy this smell because it means that the genes can replicate and keep their chain going. The second part of the slide says how women guess that more masculine faced men will be poorer parents. Testosterone correlates with divorce, infidelity, and violence. The reason why women think this is because the genes in the female host have evolved the female to unconsciously know this about the male body and a poor father’s mean that’s the genes have a lower chance of being able to survive in the host. The same thing about why women prefer high prestige men for long-term commitments, and dominant men for short-term sexual affairs, high prestige men are better for raising a child, a more dominant man is only good for getting a healthy child. Our genes like both options however will prefer the high prestige man because a higher chance of the gene being able to survive in the hosts
Psychologist, Richard A. Lippa, takes on the challenge of proving the concept that an individual’s idea of gender is derived from their brain, an issue otherwise recognized as “nature vs. nurture” in his book, Gender, Nature, and Nurture. Francis Galton, defines nature and nurture, as, “Nature is all that a man brings with himself into the world; nurture is every influence from without that affects him after birth.” Galton emphasizes the fact that nature produces the infant, with direct influences, determining both “growth of body and mind” (Galton) while nurture is an alteration of the environment for the comfort of the infant. Lippa establishes that each gender displays different levels of hormones, and physical capabilities, which will contribute to “nature.” An intriguing study conducted by Henry F. Harlow, whether the gender of a monkey can be determined, with or without the aid of parental influence. Regardless of whether the monkeys had a parent, the behaviors that they demonstrated in their natural environment were the same. The fundamental principle behind this is due to the fact that males were “influenced by the exposure to testosterone.” (122) As human beings, we vary in physical attributes, which subconsciously come into play when it comes to our preferences. This explains why the things that we do are gender
R.U.R. (Rossum’s Universal Robots) was set in the post World War 1 era. The war led to an increase in production and industrialization throughout most of the world. The assembly line and humans that did monotonous tasks at work became much more common. Some felt that that this physical labor was inhuman. Rossum sought to find a way to make human labor unnecessary so that humans could do as they pleased and find only pleasure in life.
The robots are taking over!!! This is the idea that Kevin Kelly stresses and elaborates on in his article “Better than Human:Why Robots Will-and must-Take Our Jobs”. The article focuses on automation in the workplace and how most of the jobs that are currently done by humans will be taken over by robots in the future. Kelly believes that this is inevitable and that it is a positive thing. While I believe that most of our jobs will be taken over in the future, I do not think that Kelly did a great job at trying to prove his point and his argument was mediocre.
Wilson (1986) argues that sexual attraction can be explained through an understanding of ‘survival efficiency’. By way of ‘bargaining’ between men and women, our relationships have become defined and characterised. It is in the ‘Interest’ of males to impregnate as many women as possible because he is capable of producing many sperm, whereas the women’s best chance of her genes surviving is to ensure the healthy survival of the relatively few offspring she is capable of mothering... ... middle of paper ... ... In Gender Learning, Pacific Grove, USA: Brooks Cole Ridley, M. (1993)
...socially directed hormonal instructions which specify that females will want to have children and will therefore find themselves relatively helpless and dependent on males for support and protection. The schema claims that males are innately aggressive and competitive and therefore will dominate over females. The social hegemony of this ideology ensures that we are all raised to practice gender roles which will confirm this vision of the nature of the sexes. Fortunately, our training to gender roles is neither complete nor uniform. As a result, it is possible to point to multitudinous exceptions to, and variations on, these themes. Biological evidence is equivocal about the source of gender roles; psychological androgyny is a widely accepted concept. It seems most likely that gender roles are the result of systematic power imbalances based on gender discrimination.9
Yet, she questions how would a little girl understand that she would have to grow up to satisfy the societal expectations that she was supposed to be fit to nurture and care for babies, as that is a woman’s social expectations. Biologically, a woman’s strong estrogen could lead to this desire whereas a high testosterone will focus primarily less on this
Historically throughout the earliest centuries, the term gender and sex has been a vital focus in distinguishing the overlap between gender differences. Matlin’s book, Psychology of women, explains that gender similarities of females are at most similar to men, however, considering that culture influences individual’s beliefs; women are expected to behave the way culture entitles us to (Matlin, 2008, p.8). In contrast, the book also reveals that women and men are different from one another in terms of social and intellectual skills according to biological inheritance (Matlin, 2008, p.9). These two perspectives expose valid reasons in terms of the roles that men and women play in society. Even though feminists and female psychologists imply that both men and women are exactly the same, there is however, a strong statistical correlation related to the comparison of men and women according to different brain wiring, strength and endurance (York, n.d., para.10).
The structure of this essay is based on animals and humans mate choice strategies and gender differences and similarities. These factors are intertwined with males and females reproduction success for choosing the right mate and bearing the parental cost involved in the offspring upbringing. (Trivers, 1972, 1985).Animal males from the evolutionary perspectives seek fertile, strong, females as a security for their offspring reproduction. These males’ strategize for their mate choice by advertising their masculinity as men ready for a mate. (Buss & Barnes, 1986; Buss, 1987).The female animals chooses mate base on their sense of security so they prefer males capable to protect and bear the cost of parenting with them.(Trivers,1972).In humans, females prefer wealthy men with high status as mate (Bjorklund & shackleford, 1999; Buss, 1992) whereas males prefer to date young attractive females who considers as fertile with the ability for genes reproduction.
We live in a time where technology is at the center of our society. We use technology on a daily basis, for the simplest tasks, or to aid us in our jobs, and don’t give a second thought to whether these tools are actually helping us. Writers such as Kevin Kelly and Clive Thompson argue that the use of technology actually helps us humans; whiles writers such as Nicholas Carr argue that technology affects people’s abilities to learn information negatively.
...criterion that true science is progressive. It has proven able to successfully account for apparent anomalies and generate novel predictions and explanations and therefore has the hallmarks of a currently progressive research program capable of providing us with new knowledge of how the mind works (Ketellar and Ellis 2000). A glance at the Handbook of Evolutionary Psychology (2005), edited by David Buss, shows just how vigorous and productive the field is. Important challenges remain in the discipline, however. The most important are determining the role of domain-specific versus domain-general processes and integrating evolutionary psychology with other behavioral sciences like genetics, neuroscience, and psychometrics (Buss 2004; Rice 2011). Even though critics will remain, Evolutionary Psychology will remain as a scientific discipline for the foreseeable future.
Despite the sound logic of the evolutionary argument, it does not account for what humans have had for a long time: contraception. This is why many people prefer to look at how this double standard formed from more of a sociological viewpoint. Women’s sexual con...
In “The Gender Blur: Where Does Biology End and Society Take Over?” Deborah Blum states that “gender roles of our culture reflect an underlying biology” (Blum 679). Maasik and Solomon argue that gender codes and behavior “are not the result of some sort of natural or biological destiny, but are instead politically motivated cultural constructions,” (620) raising the question whether gender behavior begins in culture or genetics. Although one may argue that gender roles begin in either nature or nurture, many believe that both culture and biology have an influence on the behavior.
The purpose of this academic piece is to critically discuss The Darwinist implication of the evolutionary psychological conception of human nature. Charles Darwin’s “natural selection” will be the main factor discussed as the theory of evolution was developed by him. Evolutionary psychology is the approach on human nature on the basis that human behavior is derived from biological factors and there are psychologists who claim that human behavior is not something one is born with but rather it is learned. According to Downes, S. M. (2010 fall edition) “Evolutionary psychology is one of the many biologically informed approaches to the study of human behavior”. This goes further to implicate that evolutionary psychology is virtually based on the claims of the human being a machine that can be programmed to do certain things and because it can be programmed it has systems in the body that allow such to happen for instance the nervous system which is the connection of the spinal cord and the brain and assists in voluntary and involuntary motor movements.
It may seem obvious to some why people mate, however there are many facets to human mating. Psychology has shown that reasons for mating have gone beyond the scope of love and physical attractiveness. People may search for mates who resemble archetypical images of the opposite-sex parent, mates with characteristics that are either complementary or similar to one's own qualities, or mates with whom to make an exchange of valuable resources (Buss 238). Although these theories play a key role in understanding patterns in human mating preferences, evolutionary psychology and sexual selection theory provide more concrete frameworks for explaining human mating.
Robots are one of the artificial intelligence that made a breakthrough across all fields of life. In consequence, many research studies and projects regarding robots took place in the last decade. In addition, robots in the society could be one of the essential machines, due to their multitask system which could adjusted to any kind of performance. In general society could use these machines to fill manpower gap in short time with less cost. Therefore, robots can have huge positive effects on different fields of life such as emergency situations, daily chores, and manufacturing industry.