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Impact Of Ict On Society
Impact of computer technology on society
Impacts of information technology individual and society
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1. Introduction
Over the decades information and communication technologies have revolutionized our access to information and our communication bases. The increase in our dependence on internet has made information and communication systems more vulnerable to security attacks. Many regular incidents demonstrate this vulnerability, like the rapid propagation of sophisticated malwares, denial of service attacks on socio-economical organizations ,business and government portals and the against the power grid system. Fortunately, these move forward in technology also originated an increasing number of security concerns that were served as examples by recent incidents.
1.1 Security Events
The high degree of internet viruses named as Nimda[1], Slammer[2] and Conficker[3] spread hugely and affected thousands of machines around the globe and cost millions of dollars in barriers against attacks and rebuilding good reputation. According to Conficker Working
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Today’s intruders also tune their strategies by balancing the efforts spent and the chances of success. An intruder will try to be on the radar as long as possible while a terrorist is looking for making the maximum damage in one attack. A botnet herder would like to maintain a zombie machine under his control as long as possible. Similarly, an industrial spy will try to conceal his presence while stealing valuable information from the scapegoat information databases.
Defending against such sophisticated attackers is a challenging task. An effective defense solution requires not only high technical skills, but also a good understanding of these intruders motivations, strategies, and capabilities. The war against today’s hackers is an strategic war and viable cyber security solutions should be implemented with built-in
and their use. In Committee on Deterring Cyber attacks: Informing Strategies and Developing Options (Ed.), Proceedings of a Workshop on Deterring Cyber attacks: Informing Strategies and Developing Options for U.S. Policy. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press.
The power to disable an enemy force without ever having to fire a shot might be closer than we think. While no one knows exactly what the future holds, it seems viruses, Trojans, and worms will continue to be used in an effort to attack and disable opposing forces across the world. If the United States wants to remain in an advantageous position in the information war, spending towards cyber security in our nation will have to increase. This book provides an enjoyable start to learning about information warfare, historical examples of how information has shaped battles, and what to expect in the years to come.
While there are several competing if loosely defined definitions of cyberterrorism, Hua and Bapta have clearly broken down the core elements to illuminate the nuances between traditional terrorism and an ordinary hacker. As Hua and Bapta aptly state, "modern economies are heavily dependent upon Information Technology (IT) based information systems for survival" (Hua & Bapna 2013). Given our dependence on Information Systems, some effort of consideration must be given to securing them.
Multi-platform computer worms are a tool that computer hackers use to infect computers to gain control access. Computer worms are a dangerous virus because they are self-replicating, meaning that they multiply themselves and spread onto other computer networks seeking a lapse in internet security. Computer worms do not need to attach themselves onto an existing computer program to gain access to the victim computer files. The computer worm was created on accident by a Cornell student named Robert Morris; he was seeking a way of managing the internet in 1988. “Morris had no malicious intent, but a bug in his program caused many of the computers the worm landed on to crash. … but worms had come of age and have since evolved into an effective way of attacking systems connected to the internet” (Barwise). Today, hackers use the Morris worm to infect computers. “Five men believed to be responsible for spreading a notorious computer worm on Facebook and other social networks — and pocketing several million dollars from online schemes — are hiding in plain sight in St. Petersburg, Russia …” (Richmond). Since the good intended creation of the worm it has only been used maliciously as a computer virus by money seeking computer hackers such as the Koobface gang in Russia.
This “peeling of an onion” can be a difficult concept for civilian analysts – and particularly “business intelligence analysts” whose jobs revolve around quantifiable and incontestable data – to grasp. It is likely even harder for many executive-level consumers to appreciate and may create a point of contention. However, gap analysis drives the counterterrorism intelligence cycle, and it must do so in a Strategic Intrusion Analysis Cell.
In the beginning hackers hacked into computers and networks out of curiosity or for fun, but more recently they have been caught using their skills for personal financial gain (Stein). Hackers who use the skills for crimes are sometimes referred to as black hatters and the hackers whom are working for good, such as working for law enforcement, are referred to as white hatters (Chamelin475). Six months into the year 2010 cyber-crimes had jumped from sixty million to one hundred-eighty million cyber-crime cases (Chamelin475). One of the most popular forms of cyber intrusion is through malware or malicious software. Malware is any software with the intentions of blocking computer use remotely, to covertly steal computer data, to secretly intercept computer data, or to subvert the transmission of data for personal profit. Most malware is...
Cybersecurity is a serious issue the U.S. faces today, cyberattacks and cybercrimes are national-security threats with the possibility for disastrous consequence. Adam Lowther has identified the properties of cyberspace as unbounded and changes rapidly, a domain that is jurisdictionally complex, and provides a low cost of entry for the adversary as the United States evolves into being asymmetrically dependent on cyberspace (Lowther, 2012), what is the best way to ensure you are not being hacked? With the realization of not being able to achieve cybersecurity, companies should focus their efforts on cyber deterrence. Deterrence offers much more flexibility and increased options while achieving cybersecurity. Cyber deterrence includes options such as taking legal action and making networks invisible, maintaining resiliency. Appling Lowther’s concept of decision-making calculus through assurance and avoidance by reducing the probability of success, increasing the cost to the adversary while reducing the attack surface with agility (Lowther, 2012). These assurance and avoidance techniques should all be applied when attempting to deter the
Society has become ever-increasingly dependent upon technology, more specifically, computers to conduct personal and business transactions and communications. Consequently, criminals have targeted these systems to conduct information and cyber warfare, which can include politically motivated attacks and to profit through ill-gotten means. In an article written by Koblentz and Mazanec (2013), cyber warfare is the act of disabling an enemy’s ability to use or obtain information, degrade its ability to make decisions, and to command its military forces. Additionally, information warfare is composed of cyber warfare and related to the protection, disruption, destruction, denial, or manipulation of information in order to gain a benefit through the technologies (Taddeo, 2012). Accordingly, as technology becomes readily available to various entities, the ability to conduct or perform warfare through technological means is multiplying.
In this globalized arena, with the proliferating computer users as well as computer networks, risks associated like Malware attacks are also multiplying. As the proverb
Hackers have existed since the launch of the internet itself. Hackers, who pride themselves on demolishing data and changing a computer’s structure, use digital armaments to take advantage of the naiveté of the internet. Although hackers use a variety of me...
Without proper protection, any part of any network can be susceptible to attacks or unauthorized activity. Routers, switches, and hosts can all be violated by professional hackers, company competitors. In fact, according to several studies, more than half of all network attacks are waged internally. To determine the best ways to protect against attacks, we should understand the many types of attacks that can be instigated and the damage that these attacks can cause to data. The most common types of attacks include Denial of Service (DoS), password, an...
National and International Security is a sum of the actions taken by countries and other organizations that can guarantee the safety and well being of their population. It is vital for a nation to pre-emptively discover what issues could affect their security, and take action to prevent any detrimental or harmful events from happening. With the development of technology and the transition into a more technologically savvy society, cyber security has become one of the most prevalent and important economic and national security issues that the United States will come to face.
Have you ever been a victim of Cybercrime? In today’s society, you can be a victim of cyber crime at any time of day because everything is based off of technology. Our society is all about fast pace and advancement of technology. People entire lives revolve around technology, which we use every day to get things done. Computer systems practically run much of the world today from security systems to the computer systems that run most businesses technology is taking control of the world. In this age of technology cybercrime becomes an increasingly more concerning issue. The world’s growing dependency on technology also leads to the world’s vulnerability. Steps are in place to protect against and prevent
The Art of exploring various security breaches is termed as Hacking.Computer Hackers have been around for so many years. Since the Internet became widely used in the World, We have started to hear more and more about hacking. Only a few Hackers, such as Kevin Mitnick, are well known.In a world of Black and White, it’s easy to describe the typical Hacker. A general outline of a typical Hacker is an Antisocial, Pimple-faced Teenage boy. But the Digital world has many types of Hackers.Hackers are human like the rest of us and are, therefore, unique individuals, so an exact profile is hard to outline.The best broad description of Hackers is that all Hackers aren’t equal. Each Hacker has Motives, Methods and Skills. But some general characteristics can help you understand them. Not all Hackers are Antisocial, PimplefacedTeenagers. Regardless, Hackers are curious about Knowing new things, Brave to take steps and they areoften very Sharp Minded..
The late 20th century has successfully witnessed the boom of sophisticated technology, which gave birth to a wide range of technological outcomes, including computer technology. Computer technology, that is a skill to manage information, communicate and a kind of entertainment media, has become an important part in modern life at work, in recreation and social networking. Whether computer technology is better or not is a complicated issue. There are different arguments that need to be examined. Most people support that computer technology is better for individual lifestyles. It improves quality of working and study, provides a wide range of entertainment and is a wonderful tool of communication. On the other hand, others believe that computer