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Effects of aviation fatigue
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One of the worst feelings is when you are making a long drive in a car and realize you don’t remember the last half hour or longer. Sometimes people say they were on autopilot but most likely, they are suffering from some form of fatigue. According to Webster’s dictionary fatigue is the state of being very tired or extreme weariness. (Webster’s 2015) This can be very dangerous while driving a car, and even more dangerous while flying an airplane. With advances in modern avionics and autopilots, safety should only increase but with advances in systems, often comes an increase in complacency. In the next generation aircraft of today, pilots often find themselves monitoring and managing the aircraft more than flying them. This often increases the likelihood of increased complacency and possible lowered safety margins when inattentive. Fatigue can be difficult for many pilots to mitigate as they often don’t realize they are fatigued until it is too late. Aviation accidents are usually attributed to many different causes, often pilot error but fatigue most likely is a mitigating factor. On February 12, …show more content…
Personally I have been on a jump seat after flying numerous nights in a row and was unable to keep my eyes open on final approach. Had I been one of the pilots flying I would have been a danger to the flight, even though I felt fine before the flight had departed. Many pilots find themselves in the same situation as it is very difficult to predict when fatigue may take over and affect your judgement. I have also looked over at another crew member to find them asleep, likely fighting with fatigue as they said nothing to me or even warned me that they were feeling tired. I believe a proactive approach would be to allow one crew member to take a planned controlled nap, this could drastically increase a pilot’s alertness at times when work load and required attention were
In 2011 The Joint Commission called attention to healthcare worker fatigue and the impact it was having on patient safety. They found a direct link between healthcare worker fatigue and adverse events. They recommended healthcare facilities assessed their policies to identify fatigue-related risks, such as off-shift hours and consecutive shift work, and review their staffing to address areas that may be contributing to nurse fatigue (Martin, 2015).
Most of the Aviation accidents have been greatly attributed to “Pilot Fatigue” (Mohler, 1998). This is because a pilot’s input into the aircraft is majorly dependent on his consciousness on the job, therefore incase he or she may be fatigued then this provides room for error in his inputs (Smith, 2008). Even though the technological advancements in avionics the flight systems of the current aircrafts have preventive mechanisms put in place that makes sure that the pilots are always alert, without sleep and freshened, small effects of fatigue can greatly jeopardize flight safety (Mohler, 1998). This is so because the duties performed by the pilot in the cockpit require a lot of vigilance, care as well as both mental and physical well being and alertness. Having considered this it is very hard to eliminate the cockpit noise, aircraft vibration, the long flights; little sleep as well as irregular work schedules which are the major contributors to pilot fatigue and which can have great influence on his or her performance. This paper dissects the major factors that cause pilot fatigue; the impact of pilot fatigue as well as the damages associated with the same and concludes with ways of managing the same.
A considerable amount of literature has been published on the impact of working hours (8 vs. 12 hour shifts) on fatigue among the nurses. These studies revealed that twelve-hour shifts increase the risk of fatigue, reduce the level of alertness and performance, and therefore reduce the safety aspect compared to eight-hour shifts (Mitchell and Williamson, 1997; Dorrian et al., 2006; Dembe et al., 2009; Tasto et al., 1978). Mills et al. (1982) found that the risk of fatigues and performance errors are associated with the 12-hour shifts. Beside this, Jostone et al. (2002) revealed that nurses who are working for long hours are providing hasty performance with increased possibility of errors.
In the recent past, nursing has come to the forefront as a popular career amongst students across the globe. The demand for nurses has kept increasing gradually over the years. In fact, the number of registered nurses does not meet the demand of the private and public health sector. This phenomenon has resulted in a situation where the available registered nurses have to work extra hours in order to meet the patients’ needs. With this in mind, the issue of nurse fatigue has come up as a common problem in nursing. According to the Canadian Nurses Association (CNA), nurse fatigue is “a feeling of tiredness” that penetrates a persons physical, mental and emotional realms limiting their ability to function normally. Fatigue does not just involve sleepiness as has been assumed before. It involves utter exhaustion that is not easily mitigated through rest. When nurses ignore the signs of fatigue, they risk the development of chronic fatigue and other health problems that may not be easily treated. Additionally, fatigue may cause nurses to lose more time at work as they may have to be away from work for several days to treat it. The issue of nurse fatigue has permeated the nursing profession to the extent of causing errors in the work performed by nurses. Fatigue causes a decrease in a nurse’s ability to make accurate decisions for themselves and their patients. It is therefore important to find ways to curb nurse fatigue such that it is no longer a problem. Nurse fatigue is a danger to the patients, organizations and to the nurses themselves and must be mitigated adequately.
Fatigue is a growing concern and issue in the aviation industry. Although it has been for some time, recently mounting workloads and stress have factored into creating an escalating problem with real casualties and repercussions. “Pilot fatigue, heavy workloads… may have contributed to an air ambulance crashing into the sea at night during a medical mission…” (Crash Blamed 2006 p.31). Fatigue is an “insidious” condition that affects a pilot in a way that might make him feel justified in his decisions. (Wald 2008 C3). Without realizing the effects of sleepiness and stress, pilots often times make the wrong decision, believing it to be the right one, and suffering severe consequences, such as: passenger injures, crew injuries or even death, which occurs more often than not.
However, fatigued heavy truck driving is undoubtedly a safety concern. In its explanation of its December 2011 regulations, the Department of Transportation wrote: “Additionally, new research available on the subject demonstrated that long work hours, without sufficient recovery time, lead to reduced sleep and chronic fatigue. That fatigue leads drivers to have slower reaction times and a reduced ability to assess situations quickly…Too often, fatigued drivers fail to notice that they are drifting between lanes.”
Aviation is accepted as the safest form of transportation. There has always been a continued improvement in airframes, engines, systems, airports, air traffic control, pilot selection and training, navigational aids, and communication. The article references other articles that identify pilots and crew as the weakest point and quotes one that “suggests pilots are more dangerous than the aircraft they fly.” Pilots are the cause in 80% of general aviation accidents. Half of those accidents were caused by poor judgment.
Turbulence, lighting, stalls—these are all things that a pilot must deal with. However, some pilots deal with these problems too slowly due to a reliance on automation. If pilots do not react quickly, the plane may crash. From Switzerland to New York, pilots struggle with too much reliance on automation. This may cause many lives to be endangered. Many commercial airline pilots endanger passengers from many different nationalities. Even if the passengers reach their destination safely, they might not know that their pilot may lack basic flying skills. One pilot reported touching the controls only seven times during a flight. If pilots only touch the controls around seven times each flight, they don’t gain much experience with actually using the controls in case autopilot fails. 66% of pilots have these problems. In the past, pilots had to react quickly to life-threatening situations without the help of automation. Nowadays, pilots’ basic flying skills are deteriorating due to the over dependence on automation. The most effective way to help pilots refine their skills is a flight simulator. The Federal Aviation Administration has already tried using the flight simulators and has produced promising results. However, the reason why most companies don’t use these simulators is because of the immense cost. Even if the cost is large, it does not amount to the price of lives lost.
One of the fundamental restrictions on human achievement both in sport and in society is fatigue. Despite this, many people do not fully understand how or even why they experience fatigue. Comprehension of such ideas can allow individuals to perform at their maximum ability in their community and, in the case of athletes, when training and competing in sport. There are countless factors that play a role in the production and management of fatigue. Recovery and nutrition are two of these factors that are both essential to the process of fatigue and can be relatively easily controlled and manipulated by an individual. Recovery concerns the dissolution of fatigue through the management of workload in both long-term and short-term settings.
Have you ever been driving on the road and felt the urge to want to pull over because you were too tired to continue driving? Most of the times this happens because the person is maybe lacking the appropriate amount of sleep needed. Many motorists think they know how to counter fatigue: turn up the radio, roll down the window, and talk on the phone. But most of times these remedies aren’t enough to keep the driver alert enough to drive. The most suitable thing to do is to take a quick fifteen to twenty minute nap or drink some coffee to help enhance driving awareness.
Nonetheless, researchers from the National Sleep foundation have broadened the range to seven to nine hours for the majority of the adults who are between 18 and 64 years. They consider it as the healthy and normal amount of sleep. Others argue that closer to seven hours is better researchers link seven hours of rest each day a longer life and a better health of the brain (Fadia, 2002). Most studies consider over nine hours of sleep as the excessive or long quantity of sleep for the adults. People who have this condition are involved in risks such as motor vehicle and work related accidents. They also have poorer health when compared to other people. The signs of hypersomnia are; excessive quantities of deep sleep, sleeping for a duration of 10 hours or more at a given time, excessive sleepiness that is not reduced by taking naps, and trouble with being awake during the day. Hypersomnia interferes with a person’s relationships and prevents them from enjoying the activities they take part in. Additionally, it makes management of daily activities and responsibilities at work a great challenge. Hypersomnia and fatigue are similar but they are not the same. Fatigue is the feeling one get when they are exhausted and lack of energy which is not relieved. Conversely, excessive daytime sleeping is not a sign of
In order to further decrease the number of airplane accidents stricter measures of evaluating an aircrafts operability prior to take off need to be implemented. Additionally, better training of pilots can also lead to a more preferable outcome should a problem arise as the pilot will be better equipped to handle an emergency.
Fatigue in air traffic control is one of the largest contributing factors to stress in the control tower. This is mainly due to the fact that air traffic controllers must be fully alert and ready to provide split second instructions to aircraft to avert conflict. If controllers are fatigued they become challenged with impaired cognitive abilities, and are slower to make decisions, ultimately making them more vulnerable to mistakes. Air traffic controller fatigue has been attributed as a factor over the years in a number of accidents, including near misses and runway collisions (Carter, 2011).
To begin with, the right amount of rest benefits people’s mental performances. Mark Rosekind of NASA, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, conducted an experiment and stated that a pilot’s mental performance increased by 34% after a 26-minute nap; and a 45-minute nap had the same outcome but the effects lasted more than six hours (Pg. 3 Paragraph 14). Professor David F. Dinges and a group of researchers, from the University of Pennsylvania, discovered that even short naps reduce the amount of
Stress is one of the factors that instigate fatigue and exhaustion. When you have too much on your plate, the chances of you getting easily stressed out are increased exponentially. As much as you possibly can, reduce stress to the barest minimum. Make sure that you have your day planned out, arrange everything around you and know what everything is and what it does. Organization is one of the keys to a long and healthy