1. Reason for the process.
Plastics are used in many different ways, not just as a bag to hold your groceries. Plastics are used in modern packaging to ship and transport as seen in FIGURE 1. Plastic is used because of how light weight it is and how much of a certain thing it can hold. For example 2 pounds of plastic can hold 1000 ounces of juice containers; you would need 3 pounds of aluminum and 8 pounds of steel to carry this same weight. This show how efficient plastic really is. Using plastic in some household items such as refrigerators, and air conditioners improves there energy efficacy by 30 – 50%.
Figure 1
2. History of the process.
In 1868, a man by the name of Hyatt was the first to introduce a simplified version of the production of celluloid. Celluloid is a compound created from camphor (C10H16O) and nitrocellulose C6H8(NO2)2O5. It is also considered the first thermoplastic (which is a polymer that can be molded or is pliable). Celluloid became very popular in the early 1900’s as it was used as film for motion pictures.
In 1899 Arthur Smith first proposed the idea of using “phenol-formaldehyde resins for use as an ebonite substitute in electrical insulation", however this process revisited in1907 by Leo Baekeland as he improved the reaction method and he invented the first commercially used synthetic resin.
In 1978 linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) was introduced and made it possible to produce polyethylenes with low densities that range from 0.915– 0.925g/cm3. LLPDE is very tensile (stretchy), and it is quite durable. Some of these features can be attributed to the introduction of alloys.
3. Chemical reactions involved in manufacture.
Plastics are a synthetic materials, this means that that t...
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...ffects on local area (environmental and social).
The biggest problem on the environment that plastic has is that it doesn’t biodegrade. This means that no natural process can break it down. Plastic actually photodegrades this is a process in particularly those from the sunlight. There are two products of photodegradation and they are called mermaid tears or nurdles. However this process can upwards of 100 years to complete. Also plastic can be very dangerous to marine life if it is disposed on in water. Sometimes animals eat the plastic, which can poison them or could block important tubes required for their survival. Nurdles are also troublesome as they soak up the toxic chemical and become highly concentrated with it. This threatens the entire food chain, especially when eaten by bottom feeders as they are then consumed by large fish.
7. Role of the Chemist.
Plastics play a big role in our lives. The use of plastic has grown exponentially over the past decade. A few reasons why the demand for plastic is so high are due to its strength, very low-density, long shelf life, fabrication abilities and low cost. Plastic are used for packaging, industrial and automotive applications, artificial implants, healthcare, water treatment, conservation of land and soil, housing , security systems, and many others (Siddique, Khatib, & IKaur, 2007). The world’s annual
Information Plastic plays an important role in our lives due to its ability to be functional in a number of different ways from plastic water bottles do the rubber on car tires. It seems as if everything is made of plastic in this day and age, but what happens once the consumers are done with the product? Statistics Canada showed in that 2012 Canadians produced, on average, 13.4 million tonnes of waste, 73% of which were sent for disposal. Of the 27% of waste that was recycled, a mere 17% of plastics was
friendlier and welcoming settings for the patients to undergo the cosmetic treatment of their choice. If you are interested to learn more about the history of cosmetic treatments in humans, here is a brief overview. Plastic surgery in the past: • History suggests that cosmetic surgery procedures are in existence for centuries. The types of plastic surgery and augmentation procedures we see today were already used by surgeons back in the early 1800s. • Although the tools and techniques used in
Teenagers take extreme measures in order to “fix” themselves (by having Plastic surgery). Plastic Surgery is a surgical process used to repair deformities and glitches in a persons body. Nowadays, teenagers tend to have plastic surgeries to improve physical characteristics they feel are flawed and/or to fit in with peers, to look similar to others. In fact, it is only the pressure that has been put upon these minors that makes them want to look flawless or perfect in order to feel comfortable in
Casein plastic, or ‘milk plastic’, has been used in the Americas for decades, due to its low production costs and accessibility. Casein is defined as, “A white, tasteless, odorless protein precipitated from milk by rennin” (“Casein” 1). and “a slow digesting protein that plays a large role in preventing muscle breakdown” (“Casein Protein“ 1). Not only is casein an important protein that all mammals need to survive, but this vital protein has also been very important throughout recent American and
In an ironic tone and through the use of diction and symbolism, Price looks down on the American culture and their egotistical obsession with being the top dog. The title of the essay, The Plastic Pink Flamingo: A Natural History, juxtaposes natural with plastic and is the first hint that the piece will be highly sarcastic. The italicising of flamingo in line 3 expresses incredulity that the frivolous flamingo is exceedingly popular in a nation as powerful as the United States of America. Price
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Jennifer Price’s essay “The Pink Plastic Flamingo: A Natural History” draws upon a cornucopia of historical evidence, both of the United States and other world cultures, to reveal to the audience--readers in America who may harbor an affinity for pop culture history--that the seemingly innocuous American flamingo, perched calmly on the lawns of Americans both North and South, is actually the product of a rich, flamboyant cultural tradition in the United States and in other civilizations. By giving
Jennifer Price, in her essay "The Plastic Pink Flamingo: A Natural History," highlights the American culture's ridiculous obsession with displaying wealth through her use of diction, tone, and simile/metaphor. She depicts American culture as nonsensical, and thus ridiculous, because of its disposal of normal standards or logic in order to fulfill its materialistic desires which is shown through the popularity of the pink plastic flamingo in the 1950s. Price's word choice emphasizes her feelings toward
Dena Ghareb Instructor: professor Homan Course: Fundamentals of Communication Date: March 18, 2015 Title: Plastic Surgery Specific Purpose: To explain the reasons and affects of plastic surgery. Central Idea: I will present the history, process, cost, and types of plastic surgery and why people choose to do it. Introduction I. Attention: people become really addicted to plastic surgery as if its something that they could do any time they feel like it. Some of them even go to the extreme
invention of Plastic Surgery was very significant to today’s society. Plastic surgery has slowly been more and more common over the years for using them as personal cosmetic reasons. Plastic surgery has changed the world for the better but has its disadvantages. It has a very big history From the time of Sushruta Samhita the “first plastic Surgeon” dated back to 600BC. This essay will examine and describe the key information you need to know about the invention of plastic surgery. Plastic surgery is
Plastic surgery is a medical procedure that a patient goes through to achieve a certain physical appearance. It often times involves cutting, slicing, stitching, and tearing of the human bodies’ tissue to achieve a requested outcome. Plastic surgery can preformed on practically all segments of the anatomy and even some times on the skeletal system. Plastic surgery procedures are prearranged by the individual which requests to reconstruct an undesirable feature on their body. In plastic surgery foreign
cookie tin people agree on these details save one: they insist that the true, original prototype was the cookie-tin lid that held in the goodness of Frisbee's sugar cookies.” (history of Frisbee, WFDW).