The Coal Miners in France During the Second Empire
In this paper I will explain why revolt by the labor against capital
in Second Empire France failed. To explain the situation, I will use
Marx's theory of capital accumulation as he presents it in {Capital}. Also
important in the theoretical description of this phenomena is the role of
tradition and the way its restraints deviate from those of the economy in
this French society. Based on this description I will discuss how the
function of management is enforced by the economy and traditions inherent
in a society. From these considerations I will suggest additional elements
and relationships necessary for social relations change to transcend the
institutional conditions in which they exist.
Terminology relevent to a theoretical account of an event is given by
Talcott Parsons in {The Structure of Social Action}. Here, action is
described as a system that may be divided into unit acts. The unit act
consists of four elements. First there is an agent, or actor. Second, the
act has an end which is a future state of affairs or goal towards which the
action is oriented. Third, there is a situation where the trends of
develop- ment differ from the end towards which the action is oriented. The
situation is composed of two elements; the conditions are that which the
actor cannot manipulate in accordance with his end, and the means are that
over which he does not have control. Finally there is a relation between
these elements; where a situation allows alterna- tive means to the end,
the course is selected from the normative orientation of the actor.
(Parsons, 1968: 44)
In order to account for the interrelationships in the historical event
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... change. Events will
subsequently no longer happen but attain meaning in the light of the source
that the charismatic element advocates. This change in normative
orientations relative to the change in other elements of the process must
be reflected in the ideology. The ideology of social change may not simply
be a reiffication of the old in a reactionary form. The substance of the
ideology, in being a response to the divergence caused by the economy and
polity, must be such as to transcend that which came before it. This final
condition, specifying the relations between elements necessary for
revolutionary change, may only be derived in a society which is neither an
organic, composite whole nor one of random atomistic ends. Rather, the
society must be one where the normative orientation for mediating between
conditions and means is one of consensus.
This paper will focus on the future of the U.S. Automobile industry as the United States recovers from the worst recession we have experienced in the past 75 years. I will provide information on the following topics pertaining to the U.S. automobile industry:
With the gradual advancements of society in the 1800’s came new conflicts to face. England, the leading country of technology at the time, seemed to be in good economic standing as it profited from such products the industrial revolution brought. This meant the need for workers increased which produced jobs but often resulted in the mistreatment of its laborers. Unfortunately the victims targeted were kids that were deprived of a happy childhood. A testimony by a sub-commissioner of mines in 1842 titled Women Miners in the English Coal Pits and The Sadler Report (1832), an interview of various kids, shows the deplorable conditions these kids were forced to face.
later actions is directed towards the end. Surely what is true of action is also true of
Overall, his claim that males respond best to simple, seemingly straight-forward advertisements was well thought out and supported through sufficient evidence. Gladwell successfully provided the proper amount of evidence supporting his claim and had he showed opposing views or views of the consumer it only would have added to an already successful paper. This essay is a perfect example of the importance of a thorough introduction to provide the reader with a concise synopsis of what the paper intends to covers. Had Gladwell excelled in both areas he neglected, this would be an extremely interesting, thought-provoking look into the world of advertising.
The Untied States of America was built on the exploitation of others and the expansion of foreign lands. Anglo-Saxon superiority and their successive impact on governing policies and strong domination throughout every social institution in the nation allowed discrimination to prevail. Scientific Racism reached new heights of justification towards slavery, the massive eradication of the Native people, colonialism and daily occurrences of unequal behaviors and treatments towards colored people. The strong presence of polygenesis helped spur along and justify racism; the idea that all non whites were groups of individuals who ultimately came from another type of species supporting the idea that Blacks, Natives and other colored people were not ‘real’ human beings. Traditions, legislation, domination and acceptance of such social norms allow racism to be principal whether it was apparent through slavery or hidden in new laws and policies to come. Every aspect of a colored person’s life was affected upon, Education, economic status, environmental location and political rights. Those who had the power within the court system followed the Anglo-Saxon ways, making any change difficult and time consuming to come across.
In the latter part of 2008, the United States’ economy was rapidly plummeting - the stock market crashed, the housing bubble burst and gas prices skyrocketed. The majority of U.S. based firms faced the reality that they would not be able to survive during such desperate economic times. The U.S. automobile industry, in particular, began to buckle under the depressed economy. The government stepped in proposing a multi-billion dollar bailout to stimulate the economy and restore economic balance. The possibility of this unprecedented government intervention was condemned by many economists. If the government helped the ailing automotive industry, this industry would have to tighten their expenditures and plan for the future to prove to critics of the bailout that they would use the government funding to add value to the economy once again.
The energy producing market has always been a staple in Pennsylvania's history. Being rich in coal, natural gas, and other forms of energy, Pennsylvania has produced much of the nation's fuel or electricity. With a location so rich in coal, companies began to open many mines in order to either stay ahead of competitors, improve production, or for easier transportation of the commodity. The large amounts of coal being mined ushered in the many railroad systems bringing another powerful business to Pennsylvania. Coal barons, mine owners, made gross amounts of money off of the hard work from miners. Coal had played such a integral role in the Keystone State that it led to some towns being named after the industry such Carbondale and Minersville. Pennsylvania quickly became associated with coal in America and whenever there was news about the state, coal was mentioned with it. Especially during both World Wars, Pennsylvania was looked to for providing energy used both at home and in the war effort. This supply shock meant mine operations needed to run efficiently and both the Federal government and the presidents during each respective time ensured the productivity would meet the great demand. Coal mining was at an all time high until tragedy struck on 22 January 1959, when the River Slope mine's roof collapsed because of the Susquehanna River causing flooding to the mine killing many workers. The disaster marked the beginning of the end to deep mining in Pennsylvania. To this day however, Pennsylvania remains strongly associated with the harvesting of many energy sources.
Pre-Revolutionary peasants were upset with the chasm between low and high class and were ready to make a change in the French society that would follow Enlightenment philosophies. The people decided to work together to form a constitution for their country that would treat all men fairly under the law, giving no special privileges to the high class citizens and equal voting rights for all. Their self-given name, Sans-Culottes, is a symbol of their rejection of high-class luxury, as the “Culottes” were the knee-length pants worn particularly by wealthy French citizens (the name literally meaning Without Culottes.) This movement was extremely popular because it appealed to any and all of the impoverished people in France, urban and rural. Over time, the new, fair government was not fully realized and the Sans-Culottes became angry to the point of violence in an effort to make the changes promised by the first Revolutionaries. The Sans-Culottes were a powerful driving force in the French Revolution and the Reign of Terror because of the massive impact their violence had on society.
The Second Industrial Revolution had a major impact on women's lives. After being controlled fro so long women were experiencing what it was like to live an independent life. In the late nineteenth century women were participating in a variety of experiences, such as social disabilities confronted by all women, new employment patterns, and working class poverty and prostitution. These experiences will show how women were perceived in the Second Industrial Revolution.
The Industrial Revolution brought mass advancements in technology to the people in Great Britain, Europe and in other places in the world during the time of 1750-1850. Britain’s wealth, population, technology, education and resources led to it as the birthplace of the Industrial Revolution. While the Industrial Revolution increased work wages, it also consequently resulted in harsh punishments, poor living conditions, and deadly accidents.
Stress means different things to different people and stress effects people in different ways. Some people think stress is something that happens to them such as an injury or a promotion and others think that stress is what happens to our mind, body and behaviors in response to an event. While stress does involve events and how one responds to them these are not the critical factors, but our thoughts about the situation in which we are involved are the critical factors. Essentially, stress exists whenever homeostasis is disturbed or cannot be maintained (Stress and the Social System Course Guide, 2013). Homeostasis refers to the body's ability to keep the internal chemical and physical environments constant. As your body begins to react to stress several changes occur. These changes include increased heart rate, blood pressure and secretion of stimulatory hormones. Ones body prepares itself in stressful situations to either stand ground and fight or to flee from the situation. Walter Cannon called this stressful reaction the fight-or-flight response (Greenberg, 2012).
GM, of course, is no ordinary company. With sales of $193 billion, it stands as an icon of fading American industrial might. After all, GM's payroll pumps $8.7 billion a year into its assembly workers' pockets. Directly or indirectly, it supports nearly 900,000 jobs -- everyone from auto-parts workers to advertising writers, car salespeople, and office-supply vendors. When GM shut down for 54 days during a 1998 labor action, it knocked a full percentage point off the U.S. economic growth rate that quarter. So what's bad for General Motors can be bad for America as a country. General Motors is in big trouble, but not as big where the congress help or a change in company would not change. Yes, it will affect jobs for a while, but it should pick back up in a few years, if not months. If the bailout go through it’s not going to do anything for General Motors all. It’s going to keep them going for “what” about 4 to 5 more years. Than a...
“I hope that people will finally come to realize that there is only one race, the human race and that we are all members of it.” (Margaret Atwood) Since the beginning of the US history until now, racism has been a problem in the United States. Even though there have been emblematic struggles, it has not ceased to be something present in society. Racism has been very influential in society. For many years, it determined whether a person could be part of a specific group.
Coal mining came along long before the industrial revolution had even commenced, it was an easy and well paid job until the coal, was pushed further down into the ground.
The development of the American Auto Industry took place over many, many years, starting with Mr. Henry Ford building the first car in 1896. The industry has evolved, to what it is today and represents approximately 10% of the country’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP). According to the Bureau of Labour and Statistics, ‘the automotive industry includes industries associated with the production, wholesaling, retailing & maintenance of motor vehicles’. These industries are industries that have a tremendous impact on the U.S economy and can be directly impacted by changes in U.S. production and sales of motor vehicles.