The Circulatory System
The circulatory system can be greatly affected by the type and amount
of training a person does and therefore has to be considered very
closely compared to other body systems.
The main functions of the circulatory system are:
· Transport- carrying blood, water, oxygen and nutrients throughout
the body, and transport the removal of waste.
· Body temperature control-the blood absorbs the body heat then
carries it to the lungs and to the skin, where it is then released.
· Protection- it helps to fight disease, e.g. antibodies, which fight
infection, are carried in the blood and the clotting of seals cuts and
wounds.
The circulatory system has four main parts:
· The heart
· The blood vessels
· The blood
· The pulmonary and systemic circuits.
The heart
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1. The blood enters the right-hand atrium. The blood is deoxygenated.
2. The right atrium pumps this blood into the right ventricle.
3. The right ventricle pumps the blood through the pulmonary artery to
the lungs where oxygen is picked up.
4. The blood then returns to the left atrium through the pulmonary
vein.
5. The left atrium pumps the blood into the left ventricle. The blood
leaves here through the aorta to be distributed to the rest of the
body.
From here the blood looses its oxygen because it is used for other
bodily functions. The cycle then takes place all over again.
Blood vessels
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Arteries- These carry blood at high pressure away from the heart;
these are the thickest blood vessels. The artery has an inner lining
called the endothelium, then a layer of...
... middle of paper ...
...lucose
and amino acids, waste products such as urea and some carbon dioxide
and oxygen.
The pulmonary and systemic circuits
The pulmonary circuit carries deoxygenated blood through the heart to
the lungs where it exchanges carbon dioxide for oxygen to become
re-oxygenated. The pulmonary vein transports oxygenated blood to the
left atrium of the heart.
The systemic circuit carries oxygenated blood through the aorta from
the left ventricle of the heart to all over the body, through
capillaries. Having deposited most of the oxygen the blood flows back
through the veins, into the right atrium through the vena cava. In
this circuit the blood visits the cardiac muscle of the heart, the
stomach, the intestines and liver, the muscles and skin. Oxygen
transported through this system is vital for physical activity.
The cardiovascular system - The cardiovascular system is responsible for transporting nutrients and removing gaseous waste from the body. It consists of the heart, which powers the whole process, the veins, arteries, and capillaries, which deliver oxygen to tissue at the cellular level. The cardiovascular system carries blood that is low in oxygen away from the heart to the lungs via arteries, where oxygen levels are restored through the air once oxygenated, this blood is then carried throughout the body via arteries, keeping our organs and tissue alive. The cardiovascular system is the workhorse of the body, continuously moving to push blood to the cells. If this important system ceases its work, the body dies.
Single circulatory system: This is a system where blood passes through the heart once when it makes a complete circuit round the body. (E.g fish)
The heart, blood and blood vessels make up the cardiovascular system. The function of the cardiovascular system is to evenly distribute blood cells, water and nutrients. The cardiovascular system helps send blood to the body’s tissues. The heart is a muscle and the most important part of the cardiovascular system. Heart attacks, heart failure, and abnormal heart beat is a serious issue for the cardiovascular system these can sometimes lead to death. These diseases affect the heart and its functions (Heart and Cardiovascular disease 2005).
The heart is one of the most unique organs in the human body. Its capabilities and functions truly are amazing. The heart 's function is to pump blood throughout the body supplying oxygen and nutrients to tissues. The heart is the size of your fist and weighs roughly 8-12 ounces depending if you’re male or female. The heart pumps through 100 kilometers of blood vessels for blood that is 3 to 4 times thicker than water at 60 to 80 times minute for a total volume of 5 million liters a year at rest. A basic diagram of the heart includes, right coronary, superior vena cava, aorta, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein, right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle. There are more in
In this discussion post we are to describe the structures and functions of the respiratory system. We were asked to include major organs and how they work within the body and to notate symptoms of failure within the respiratory system.
The pattern of blood flow starts in the left atrium to right atrium, then into the left ventricle and right ventricle. During its course, blood flows through the mitral and tricuspid valves. Simultaneously, the right atrium is granted blood from the veins through the superior and inferior vena cava. The job of the superior vena cava is to transport de-oxygenated blood to the right atrium. When your heart beats, the first beat represents the AV valves closing to prevent the backflow of blood into the atrium.
The heart serves as a powerful function in the human body through two main jobs. It pumps oxygen-rich blood throughout the body and “blood vessels called coronary arteries that carry oxygenated blood straight into the heart muscle” (Katzenstein and Pinã, 2). There are four chambers and valves inside the heart that “help regulate the flow of blood as it travels through the heart’s chambers and out to the lungs and body” (Katzenstein Pinã, 2). Within the heart there is the upper chamber known as the atrium (atria) and the lower chamber known as the ventricles. “The atrium receive blood from the lu...
The circulatory system and respiratory system share a highly important relationship that is crucial to maintaining the life of an organism. In order for bodily processes to be performed, energy to be created, and homeostasis to be maintained, the exchange of oxygen from the external environment to the intracellular environment is performed by the relationship of these two systems. Starting at the heart, deoxygenated/carbon-dioxide (CO2)-rich blood is moved in through the superior and inferior vena cava into the right atrium, then into the right ventricle when the heart is relaxed. As the heart contracts, the deoxygenated blood is pumped through the pulmonary arteries to capillaries in the lungs. As the organism breathes and intakes oxygenated air, oxygen is exchanged with CO2 in the blood at the capillaries. As the organism breathes out, it expels the CO2 into the external environment. For the blood in the capillaries, it is then moved into pulmonary veins and make
The heart is two sided and has four chambers and is mostly made up of muscle. The heart’s muscles are different from other muscles in the body because the heart’s muscles cannot become tired, so the muscle is always expanding and contacting. The heart usually beats between 60 and 100 beats per minute. In the right side of the heart, there is low pressure and its job is to send red blood cells. Blood enters the right heart through a chamber which is called right atrium. The right atrium is another word for entry room. Since the atrium is located above the right ventricle, a mixture of gravity and a squeeze pushes tricuspid valve into the right ventricle. The tricuspid is made up of three things that allow blood to travel from top to bottom in the heart but closes to prevent the blood from backing up in the right atrium.
the aortic valve, between the left ventricle and the aorta. heart_chambers.jpg Each valve has a set of "flaps" (also called leaflets or cusps). The mitral valve normally has two flaps; the others have three flaps. Dark bluish blood, low in oxygen, flows back to the heart after circulating through the body. It returns to the heart through veins and enters the right atrium.
The respiratory system is a biological system consisting of specific organs and a specific structure used for the process breathing. Respiration is accomplished through the nose, mouth, trachea, diaphragm and the lungs. The respiratory system is responsible for the inhalation of oxygen and exchanged to carbon dioxide when oxygen is exhaled. Respiration or ventilation takes place in the respiratory system. Organs of the respiratory system extend from the nose to the lungs. Respiration takes place in all living things. Each day the average adult breathes about 20000 times .Even if the air we breathe is dirty or polluted the respiratory system filters out the foreign matter and organisms that enter the body through the nose and mouth. Tiny hairs called cilia protect the nasal passageways and other parts of the respiratory track. The process of ventilation begins when oxygen enters the through the mouth and nose. The oxygen then passes through the larynx and then through the trachea. The trachea is a tube that enters the chest cavity which then splits into two smaller tubes known as the bronchi. Bronchus then divide again forming what we call the bronchial tubes. The bronchial tubes lead directly into the lungs where the tube then again divide into many smaller tubes called bronchioles. Bronchioles then connect to small sacs known as alveoli. Alveoli are responsible for exchanging oxygen into carbon dioxide. Inhaled oxygen passes into the alveoli and then diffuses through the capillaries then into the atrial blood. Meanwhile the waste rich blood from the veins then release carbon dioxide into the alveoli. The diaphragm pumps oxygen into and carbon dioxide out of the lungs. The respiratory system is divided into an upper and lower re...