Response Paper Reaction to “The American Reputation for Fair play:” Victor
Raul Haya de la Torre and the Federal Bureau of Narcotics
Victor de la Haya was once a celebrated Peruvian politician. He is remembered primarily as an advocate for democracy and workers' rights in Peru. Haya was often viewed as a great political reformer, who tried very hard to change the way the country was governed. In 1923, Haya is most known for establishing the APRA (Alianza Popular Revolucionaria Americana). His political career is filled with many bad periods where the Peruvian government and their neighboring allies turned against him. One such time he was forced to seek asylum in the Colombian embassy in Lima, Peru for over 5 years. Victor de la Haya attracted a lot of attention to himself because of his strong outspoken views. As a result he gained a large number of followers and reputable friends who supported his reformation. But he also had almost as many enemies as friends, enemies that collaborated with Peruvian officials to have him arrested for charges and allegations not related to that of politics, but instead perhaps a result of his political alliances (Encyclopædia Britannica, 2011).
And so comes into the question the arrest of Eduardo Balarezo by the Federal Bureau of Narcotics in in 1949. Balarezo was a prominent drug lord in Latin America. He was credited as being the sole leading distributor of narcotics specifically cocaine and heroin in the United States. He had a structured organization known as the ‘Balarezo gang’ who had set up cells in the northeastern part of the United States more specifically in New York (Gootenberg, 2011). Harry Anslinger the Director of the Federal Bureau of Narcotics was on a mission to crack down ...
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...nt throughout Latin America. The author is simply just highlighting the blunders Anslinger made as he was too focused on the small task at hand instead of looking at the bigger picture.
Works Cited
"Víctor Raúl Haya de la Torre." Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online.
Encyclopædia Britannica, 2011. Web. 13 Oct. 2011.
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Paul Gootenberg. Andean cocaine: the making of a global drug. 01 Jan. 2011. 10 Oct. 2011
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""The American Reputation for Fair Play:" Victor Raul Haya de la Torre and the Federal Bureau of Narcotics." Dr. Glenn J. Dorn. August 30, 2002.
In the 1970’s Patricia Adler and her husband infiltrated a large drug smuggling and dealing ring located in Southwest County of southern California with the intent of learning more about the covert group. In Adler’s book Wheeling and Dealing: an Ethnography of an Upper-Level Drug Dealing and Smuggling Community, she delves into the multifaceted lifestyle and activities of those in the Southwest County drug world. In this paper, I will look into the factors that initiated their entry into the drug world, their activates that facilitated their smuggling and dealing of drugs, and their exit from the drug world, while applying multiple theories to explain their illegal behavior.
The CIA’s 50-year history of smuggling drugs into America is generating hatred for the United States throughout the world. Like Pontius Pilate, CIA washes their hands of the human tragedies and the corruption of government offices. They do this by remaining and by refusing to recognize the evidence, supporting corruption. For the past 50 years, the CIA has abused its power by deliberately drugging and corrupting America; and therefore should be prosecuted.
Peeler, John A. Latin American Democracies. Chapel Hill, NC and London: The University of North Carolina Press, 1985. Print.
The Peruvian Communist Party (PCP-SL), better known as Sendero Luminoso (‘Shining Path’) was a maoist guerrilla organization in Peru. The parties roots can be drawn to the Andean department of Ayacucho, one of Peru’s pooerest and uneducated areas, where ill even the 1950s landowners continued their serflike manner of treatment toward the natives existence. The escape their dismal lives, Ayacuchans turned toward education, migrating by the thousands in their attempt to escape that existed for them back home.
Grinspoon L, Bakalar JB (1981). Coca and cocaine as medicines: an historical review. J Ethnopharmacol. 1981 Mar-May; 3(2-3):149-59.
Wood, James A., and John Charles Chasteen. Problems in Modern Latin American History: Sources and Interpretations. 3rd ed. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2009. Print.
Galeano, Eduardo. Open Veins of Latin America: Five Centuries of the Pillage of a Continent. Translated by Cedric Belfrage. New York: Monthly Review Press, 1997.
On July 30, Federal agents charged twelve Delta Air Lines employees of smuggling drugs into the
Christopher Schmidt-Nowara. "Politics and Ideas in Latin American Independence." Latin American Research Review 45, no. 2 (2010): 228-235. http://muse.jhu.edu/ (accessed November 14, 2012).
Drug trafficking has been a massive concern between the borders of Mexico and the U.S. “since mid 1970s” (Wyler, 1). Drug trafficking is “knowingly being in possession, manufacturing, selling, purchasing, or delivering an illegal, controlled substance” (LaMance, 1). A dynamic relationship exists amongst Columbia, Mexico, and the U.S. the informal drug trafficking economy. This growing informal drug economy leads to many individuals creating a substantial living through this undercover market. These individual drug cartels monopolizing the trafficking market are a growing problem for the U.S economy and need to be located and controlled. If this trafficking continues, the U.S. informal economy will crush the growth of legal industries. The trafficking and abuse of drugs in the U.S. affects nearly all aspects of consumer life. Drug trafficking remains a growing issue and concern to the U.S. government. The U.S. border control must find a way to work with Mexico to overpower the individuals who contribute to the drug trafficking business. This market must be seized and these individuals must be stopped.
Around the time of 1978, a business was developing that would soon be wealthy enough to profit up to 60 million a month (Kelley). Despite its wealth, the Medellin Cartel was not exactly a legal enterprise. It devoted infinite amounts of time, money, and manpower to produce, sell, and distribute drugs throughout vast areas. At the head was Pablo Escobar, who was admired by many inside and outside of the cartel. Countless people were involved in his business, both voluntarily and involuntarily (Kelley). While countless people looked up to him as a hero, Pablo Escobar took vicious measures while running his business, due to his thirst for power and wealth; however, he did not receive a satisfying punishment for the crimes he committed.
Hosted by the DEA Museum & Visitors Center, ‘Target America: Traffickers, Terrorists and Your Kids’ brought together government officials with the private-sector experts in an effort to educate the American public about what DEA Administrator Asa Hutchingson called the ‘extraordinary link between drugs and terrorism.’ The symposium was part of an effort by the Association of Former federal Narcotics Agents (AFFNA) to develop a museum exhibit and educational program that will explore this theme.
“Mexicans smugglers have long trafficked homegrown heroin and marijuana to the U.S. But in the 1980’s, mexico also became the primary route for colombian cocaine bound for the U.S” (Bates). According to Bates, when Guadalajara’s leader was arrested in 1989, the groups remaining capos, including a young Guzman divided up its trafficking routes, creating the Sinaloa, Juarez, and Tijuana Cartels.
Concerned authorities have focused essentially on criminalization and punishment, to find remedies to the ever-increasing prevalent drug problem. In the name of drug reducing policies, authorities endorse more corrective and expensive drug control methods and officials approve stricter new drug war policies, violating numerous human rights. Regardless of or perhaps because of these efforts, UN agencies estimate the annual revenue generated by the illegal drug industry at $US400 billion, or the equivalent of roughly eight per cent of total international trade (Riley 1998). This trade has increased organized/unorganized crime, corrupted authorities and police officials, raised violence, disrupted economic markets, increased risk of diseases an...
stigation, Uniform Crime Reports for the United States 1996, Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office ( 1997) Inciardi, James A. "The Wars on Drugs." Palo Alto: Mayfield, 1986 Kennedy, X.J., Dorthy M. Kennedy, and Jane E. Aaron, eds. The Bedford Reader.