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In order to understand the educational gap, it is first important to understand the effects of poverty on students of lower socio-economic backgrounds. A significant part of the education function is socioeconomic background of a student. Studies show that 30-50% of behavior is genetic and 50-70% is explained by one’s environment (ASCD). If behaviors are a predominant result of environmental factors then it is important to see the difference between the environment of low SES students and that of affluent students. Many factors must be accounted for when looking at behavior. Lower SES students face daily overwhelming challenges that are different from affluent students. There are four risk factors in particular that affect children in poverty and those are: emotional and social challenges; acute and chronic stressors; cognitive lags; and health and safety issues.
Students from lower-income neighborhoods tend to face emotional and social instability. The problem begins from infancy. Young children need to be in environments that foster healthy learning and exploration for optimal br...
The acute and chronic stress that these children raised in poverty experience leaves a devastating imprint on their lives. For Ayla, the chronic stress of her drug-using mother has a relentless influence on her experience in school. Her mother has poor management skills, and has almost lost custody to Ayla and her sister on two occasions. This kind of stress exerts a devastating influence on children 's physical, psychological, emotional, and cognitive functioning—areas that affect brain development, academic success, and social competence. Students subjected to such stress may lack crucial coping skills and experience significant behavioral and academic problems in school. As such, I can understand Ayla’s lack of interest in class discussions, and her tendency to sleep in class because the disadvantages she must be experiencing at home. The stress she experiences has an evident role in her low self-esteem and lack of dreams or aspirations for
Child poverty is and has been a big problem in America, and children below the poverty line do not do well in school. David H. Arnold, a scholar and studier on the subject, said in an article, "Child poverty has reached epidemic proportions within the United States. Of the 35.6 million people living in poverty in 1997, 14.1 million were children … One third of American children spend at least one year below the poverty line, and 18% experience extreme poverty … Younger children are more likely to face poverty… and its impact may be strongest during children's earliest years ... Among poverty's effects is a devastating negative influence on academic achievement; the relation between socioeconomic status … and underachievement is most dramatic near and below the poverty line” (Arnold). Child poverty is a very real problem in America and most children with money problems are likely to fall behind in school. In addition, Parents having a bad education will most likely lead to poverty, and it is hard for their children to improve their way of life after they have based under the poverty line. In Arnold’s article, he stated; "Numerous factors contribute to the relation between [economic stance] and educational outcomes … Such factors may, for example, have repercussions on child cognitive functioning or parenting, and in turn, educational
Every now and then, the one country situated in the northern part of America where everyone in the world wants to come and settle down to their life. It is the U.S.A. The U.S. is the place where the “American Dream” was born. If you work hard enough in this few barriers country, you will achieve the opportunity for prosperity and success, and an upward social mobility for your own family and children. However, that dream is now long gone forgotten because there is now a problem called “child poverty” that has been weighed down the entire U.S. society. So why does child poverty exists in the U.S.? Simple because their parents are poor, and those parents do not have enough resources to nurture their children as a standard citizen of a developed country. The U.S. while being the most powerful and civilized country in the world is still
" Effects of Poverty, Hunger and Homelessness on Children and Youth." American Psychological Association ,www.apa.org/pi/families/poverty.aspx. Accessed 2 Mar. 2017.
(Brooks-Gunn et all, 1997) That points out the disadvantage and how the family income influence youngsters overall childhood, since under the poverty condition, they children do not have enough money to support for their necessary needs, they will more likely to have low self-confidence and hard to blend in with their peers. Poverty has impact on children’s achievement in several different ways. Payne (2003) maintained that the poverty could affect children achievement though emotional, mental, financial, and role models (Payne, 2003). Thus, the children from low-income family are more likely to have self-destructive behavior, lack of control emotional response and lack of necessary intellectual, that is really important for the students under the age of 16.
According to the Children Defense Fund 1 in 13 children will live in extreme poverty in the United States and a family of four is extremely poor if their income is below 10,000 or half of the official poverty line. (http://www.childrensdefense.org/child-research-data-publications/data/state-data-repository/census/census-2007-child-poverty-data.pdf,). Despite being wealthy the U.S. . has the highest rate of child poverty among all the other countries. Poor children are more likely to go hungry and are less likely to be read to during their early years. They are less likely to have health insurance and needed care. Poor children are more likely to start school behind their affluent peers and are less likely to graduate high school. They are more likely to grow up as poor adults and become involved in the criminal justice system. A family of four's annual income must be lower than 23,000 to reach child poverty. (http://www.childrensdefense.org/child-research-data-publications/state-of-americas-children/documents/2014-SOAC_child-poverty.pdf(). Children in single parent homes were four times more likely to be poor than children in two adult families. Almost 70 percent of all children live with two parents.(http://www.childrensdefense.org/child-research-data-publications/data/state-data.) The south has the highest child poverty rate with 1 in 4 children compared to 1 in 5 children in the rest of the country. Growing up in child poverty can be a major effect on a healthy development for a child. Poverty and stress about finances can have an effect on children's cognitive development and their ability to learn. It can contribute to behavioral problems, social and emotional problems, and poor health. Living in poverty affects how a chil...
Why are some people poor and homeless, while others have so much money they literally
Michael Oher was from an all-black neighborhood located in the third poorest zip code in the country. By the time he was a sophomore, he’d been to 11 different schools, he couldn’t read or write, and he had a GPA of 0.6. In his first-grade year alone, he missed 41 days of school and ended up repeating both the first and the second grade; he didn’t even go to the third grade. Oher was one of the thousands of children that have been identified as having four or more of the at-risk factors mentioned by the National Center of Education and Statistics (NCES). According to the NCES, poverty and race are high on the list of things that negatively affect students’ ability to succeed at school. Other risk factors include changing schools multiple times and being held back from one or more grades. Oher’s biography, The Blind Side by Michael Lewis, proves how socioeconomic status impacts a child’s academic success because placed in perspective, education is not as important as the hardships of reality.
Poverty Throughout history, poverty impacted many families in the United States. According to McCarty (2016) poverty was seen as, any individual, who lacked the sufficient resources to meet their basic needs. Those needs were lack of food supplies and wealth along with a place to live. These were illustrated in the film, Poor Kids, where it showed families with children in poverty. There were families that had lack of food supplies to provide for the children, while other families were homeless.
Often the only way to get out of poverty is to get an education that can provide them with a job that meets their income needs. If a child’s school achievement is affected by poverty, they have a higher chance of dropping out and continuing poverty in their generation. Effects of school achievement are measured by if the child has repeated a grade, suspended or expelled, and/or dropped out before graduating. Many children that live in poverty will repeat a grade due to limit educational tools to provide them with practice at home. If the child has behavior problem, then they may be expelled for acting out or misbehaving, this affects their learning because they are not in class learning. The percentage of children living poverty that are affected by school achievement outcomes are 2-3 times greater than children not living in poverty. Emotional or behavior outcomes are measured by tantrums, outbursts and aggression, which persist beyond the normal age range expected. Poor children suffer from emotional and/or behavior outcomes more often than children living in non-poverty. Many of these effects are displayed at school and at home, occasionally in public places such as the mall, and cause lots of disturbances such as violence. Emotional problems also include internal problems such as anxiety and depression, which can cause the child to disassociate themselves from social opportunities. These children are often thought
Slide 1- what is child poverty: When you hear the term child poverty what comes to mind? ( first ask the audiences opinion, then state my own opinion) Child poverty denies children with the basic needs to survive, expand and flourish, it also deprives children from having equal opportunities such as attending school, having a roof over their head or having a warm meal to eat. Children that unfortunately face poverty have a higher chance of being abused, discriminated or exploited due to their poor living circumstances. "Poverty shows a strong association with child maltreatment, particularly neglected. The NIS-3 study, for example found that children from families with an annual incomes below $15000 in 1993 were 22 times more likely to be harmed by child abuse compare to a families with an annual income above $30000." [1] ( Once I am finished explaining I will play the introduction video to child poverty)
When analyzing children growing up in poverty a lot of factors come into play such as their physical, psychological and emotional development. To grow up in poverty can have long term effect on a child. What should be emphasized in analyzing the effects of poverty on children is how it has caused many children around the world to suffer from physical disorders, malnutrition, and even diminishes their capacities to function in society. Poverty has played a major role in the functioning of families and the level of social and emotional competency that children are able to reach. Children in poverty stricken families are exposed to greater and emotional risks and stress level factors. They are even capable of understanding and dealing with their own emotions as well as the emotions of others. Some of the implications of poverty include educational setbacks, issues with social behaviors and hindrances in psychological and physical development. Poverty deprives children of the capabilities needed to survive, develop and prosper in society. Studies have shown that the income status of a household and even the neighborhoods in which they reside can affect the amount of readily available resources needed to sustain a healthy child. This essay will examine the psychological and physical effects of poverty on children. The psychological aspect will include a look at behavioral problems in children, depression, chronic stress, and conduct disorders such as ADHD. Poverty is known to decrease the amount of psychological and physical capabilities in children which can have long term adverse effects on their wellbeing.
Socioeconomic status can be defined in terms of family wealth and assets as well as educational background. For this reason, many comparisons can be made between socioeconomic status and education. Furthermore, academic achievement and the level of education reached by an individual, is determined by socioeconomic status. Research has shown that environmental circumstances and family issues greatly influence a child's future because the impact of the socioeconomic status depends on the level to which an individual becomes successful in life. Research also shows that family conditions can impact a child’s education and their quality of life. For example, being raised in a high-economic culture increases the chances that a child will attend
There are many different factors that affect education. One such factor is, socioeconomic status. Children who attend school in a wealthier community receive a better education than those students in poor communities. In poor communities, student’s education is not only affected by a lack of resources, but also from teaching methods and philosophies. Urban and poor schools’ students do not receive as equal of an education as their more affluent and suburban counterparts do.
Living in poverty exposes children to disadvantages that influence many aspects in their life that are linked to their ability to do well in school. In the United States of America there are an estimated 16.4 million children under the age of 18 living in poverty (U.S. Census Bureau, 2010). “The longer a child lives in poverty, the lower the educational attainment” (Kerbo, 2012). Children who are raised in low-income households are at risk of failing out before graduating high school (Black & Engle, 2008). U.S. children living in poverty face obstacles that interfere with their educational achievement. Recognizing the problems of living in poverty can help people reduce the consequences that prevent children from reaching their educational potential.