Belika Rosado
Case Study # 4
When I analyzed my case study I knew my patients had something in the bowel system or nervous system. My first thought was a stomach flu because like everyone in my family including myself has had the stomach flu and these symptoms of high fever, nausea, headache and fatigue are very similar to a stomach virus. One thing that made me rethink about my diagnosis was that I don’t recall a stiff neck being associated with a stomach virus. A stiff neck, however, is associated with the nervous system which makes it much more serious. As I did more research I was lead to believe that it must be a bacterial infection that must have been contracted through either sharing drinks, sneezing or coughing, because for 5 kids out of a school of 900 students for them to have these symptoms they must have been related to each other or have been very close friends.
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I was lead to Meningococcal meningitis which is a serious and potentially life threatening infection caused by the bacterium Neisseria meningitidis. The common symptoms of meningococcal meningitis are very similar of those five middle school children, high fever, stiff neck, confusion, nausea, vomiting, lethargy, and purpuric rash. Most cases of Meningococcal meningitis occur in children and teens. Meningococcal disease occurs more often in the seasons of winter or spring and spreads just like the flu. This disease passes from person to person through everyday activities such as risk living in close quarters, being in crowded areas for prolonged periods of time, sharing drinking glasses, water bottles, eating utensils, kissing, smoking or being exposed to smoke, staying out late and having irregular sleeping patterns. All these symptoms can weaken an individual immune
1There are dangers involved with Gastric Bypass surgery. Case studies show high insulin levels following meals, confusion, shaking, sweating, headaches and black outs. The patients eventually needed partial or complete removal of the pancreas, in order to prevent dangerous declines in blood glucose. Patients also experienced Dumping Syndrome, when the small intestine fills too quickly with undigested food from the stomach which can cause abdominal cramp and diarrhea. Other research has uncovered a higher-than-expected risk of death following surgery for obesity, even among younger patients.
and ears, and in the mouth and pharynx. The causative virus has been shown to be
Ulcerative colitis progresses from the rectum and moves proximally. Distal disease refers to inflammation that is limited to the rectum (proctitis) or rectum and sigmoid colon. Here it is referred to as proctosigmioditis. If the disease is more extensive it includes the left side of the colon and can cover the splenic flexure. This occurs in 40% of patients. Extensive colitis occurs up to the hepatic flexure. Pan colitis affects the whole of the colon and this can affect up to 20% of patients. Some patients with pan colitis have involvement of the terminal ileum, this is caused by an incompetent ileocaecal valve.
During the year of 1976, originating at Fort Dix in New Jersey, a swine flu outbreak occurred that swept across the United States. As thousands stormed into clinics, vaccinations reached its peak. Though the success of the vaccines was better than anticipated, several unfortunates began to develop symptoms of an unidentified syndrome. Approximately five hundred of the thousands of people who received a vaccination for the swine flu began to experience prickling in the fingers and tingling in the toes. They also experienced weakness in the legs that seemed to exacerbate into other symptoms that moved towards the upper body, usually to the arms. Twenty five of the five hundred diagnosed with this disorder passed away due to the complications. The government was forced to take blame of the deaths because they agreed to take liability of the vaccinations and their side-effects.
Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis are both in a category of diseases called Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. This is a classification of disease in which inflammation forms in a part of the digestive tract, known as the gastrointestinal tract or GI tract, of the patient. The immune system then treats this area of inflammation as a foreign pathogen and attacks it. The causes of both of these diseases are currently unknown to the medical world.
Hicks, Rob, Dr., and Trisha Macnair, Dr. “Meningitis.” BBC. Dec. 2005. 27 July 2006 .
Having aching muscles in the back, arms and legs. A person may experience chills and sweats, headaches, and a dry persistent cough. Along with having fatigue and a sore throat.
Meningitis, it’s an infection in the cerebral spinal fluid and inflammation of the meninges; the three outer layers of the brain. To be more specific, those three layers are called the Dura mater, Arachnoid mater, and the Pia mater. There are three main types of meningitis that will be discussed throughout this paper; viral, bacterial, and fungal. Each form is very similar but they all vary in terms of causative organisms, treatment and severity. Although meningitis is not very common, it can become very severe and always needs to be treated immediately.
1. It was emotional and verbal abuse by someone I thought really cared for me.
Chronic abdominal pain in children is most often caused by a functional disorder. There are a variety of treatments that can be helpful, but no single treatment is best. Thus, most experts recommend trying several treatments. This may require several visits with the doctor, especially if pain has been a problem for a long time. Although functional abdominal pain can be triggered or reinforced by a desire for attention, it is rare for a child to "fake" pain. Therefore this child's pain needs to be acknowledged and believe that her pain is real and offer sympathy, support, and reassurance. Since the CT scan and lab work were negative. Other treatment options can be considered. The first goal of treatment is to help this child return to normal activities. Secondly, is to help her pain improve.
Blunt force trauma is defined as a traumatic event caused by the introduction of any blunt instrument forcefully, causing injury to the body or head. The Severity of injury is determined by various factors. It may be due to mechanical force such as compression, traction, torsion or shear. Impact of the injury and severity depends on object and movement of victim. Injuries occurred may be internal such as lacerations of internal tissues, organs, fractures of bones or may be external such as abrasion, avulsion, contusion and laceration (Pollak & Saukko, 2009). Severity also depends on anatomical site impacted for ex: Lacerations have irregular margin, hanging causes abrasions, contusions and hyoid bone fractures, Ocular hemorrhages in case of blunt trauma to eyes or Fracture of ribs when hit on chest by a blunt object (Ressel, Hetzel, & Ricci, 2016). Severity is also determined by the duration of time and amount of force applied. Nature of trauma is of importance in forensic medicine. It helps in
The patient has experienced fever, chills on body, headaches and anorexia as well as sweating especially during the night. The patient has also been feeling fatigued, muscle aches and nausea as well as vomiting especially after eating (WHO, 2010, p. 117). These symptoms started forty eight hours ago, and the patient has not taken any medication except for some aspirin.
Researchers are unsure of what triggers UC, but have two strong possibilities. One theory is that the digestive system becomes inflamed when it tries to fight of a virus. The inflammation then remains chronically. Some scientists also believe that heredity may play a role in developing ulcerative colitis. However, most people who have ulcerative colitis do not have a family history of it. It used to be believed that stress triggered UC but the belief has been disproven. Symptoms of UC vary greatly depending on the specific location of the inflammation. Therefore, symptoms are classified in 5 categories depending on location:
disease is coughing, rapid breathing, discharge from the nose and eyes, swelling near the neck
The most common cause of gastroenteritis in adults is the transmission of norovirus; a viral infection that spreads from fecal matter. Noroviruses are highly contagious and can spread directly from person to person, or indirectly through contaminated water and food. When a person is infected, the norovirus attacks their small intestine, entering a host cell by attaching to receptors and triggering endocytosis. It then proceeds to replicate itself, increasing the number of infected cells in the body. Symptoms appear roughly 1-2 days after the initial exposure to the virus, and lasts between 1-3 days. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and a loss of appetite are common symptoms of norovirus, however sufferers may also experience muscle aches, weakness and mild fevers and headaches. Rotavirus is another prevalent agent that causes gastroenteritis, however it only affects infants and young children, due to the fact that immunity against it is developed after infection. It is incredibly common and virtually every child in the world experiences symptoms of the rotavirus before they reach the age of