Sickle Cell Anemia
explanatory Essay
631 words
Sickle cell anemia is a blood disorder that is inherited from both parents in which the body produces abnormally shaped red blood cells. In sickle cell anemia, the hemoglobin in red blood cells links together; resulting in the red blood cells to become rigid and a C-shaped. These deformed cells block blood and oxygen flow in blood vessels. Sickle cells deteriorate quicker than normal red blood cells, which results in anemia.
Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disorder. For a person to have sickle cell anemia they must have received two copies of the gene, one from each parent. A person with the sickle cell trait only received one sickle cell gene and a normal hemoglobin gene. People who have the sickle cell trait do not develop sickle cell anemia however they can pass the deformed gene on to their children. People with just the trait do not face the complications caused by the disorder.
Due to the blockage of blood flow in the arteries sickle cell anemia causes many complications. The trademark of sickle cell anemia is a sickle cell crisis, which causes sudden serve pain. A common problem is acute chest syndrome, which is triggered by an infection or by blockage of blood vessels in the lungs. Which if left untreated, can be cause organ damage or even death.
Each red blood cell in the human body contains about 280 million hemoglobin molecules. Hemoglobin is the most important component of red blood cells. Red blood cells are composed of a protein (globulin) and a molecule (heme), which binds to iron. Normal hemoglobin causes regular oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange. In the lungs, the heme, which binds to iron, component takes up oxygen and releases carbon dioxide. The red blood cells carry the oxygen to the body's tissues, where ...
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...creases, therefore speeding the sickling process. Sickle cells also have a shorter life span (10 - 20 days) than normal red blood cells (90 - 120 days). Every day the body produces new red blood cells to replace old ones, but sickle cells become destroyed so fast that the body cannot keep up. The red blood cell count drops, which results in anemia. This gives sickle cell disease its more common name, sickle cell anemia.
The only true way to determine if a person has sickle cell anemia is through a blood test, and if a person does have sickle cell anemia there are ways to help avoid crisis and the pain associated with the disease. There are medicines that help to prevent attacks. Anti-inflammorty medicines help with the joint pain associated with this disease.
Works Cited
Sickle Cell Disease." University of Maryland Medical Center. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Apr. 2014.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that sickle cell anemia is a blood disorder inherited from both parents in which the body produces abnormally shaped red blood cells.
- Explains that sickle cell anemia is a genetic disorder that requires two copies of the gene, one from each parent. people with the illness can pass the deformed gene on to their children.
- Explains that sickle cell anemia causes many complications due to the blockage of blood flow in the arteries.
- Explains that each red blood cell in the human body contains about 280 million hemoglobin molecules, which cause regular oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange. the sickle cell reduces or denies adequate oxygen to many major parts of the body.
- Explains that there are two different types of hemoglobin. hemoglobine a is the molecule found in normal red blood cells.
- Explains that sickle-shaped cells cringe to the walls of arteries and cannot squeeze through capillaries, which deprive tissues and organs of oxygen. sickle cells have a shorter life span than normal red blood cells.
- Explains that the only true way to determine if someone has sickle cell anemia is through a blood test. there are medicines that help to prevent attacks and anti-inflammorty medicines help with joint pain associated with this disease.
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- Sickle Cell Anemiaexplanatory essaySickle cell anemia is a hereditary disorder that mostly affects people of African ancestry, but also occurs in other ethnic groups, including people who are of Mediterranean and Middle Eastern descent. More than 70,000 Americans have sickle cell anemia. And about 2 million Americans - and one in 12 African Americans - have sickle cell trait (this means they carry one gene for the disease, but do not have the disease itself).
In this essay, the author
- Explains that sickle cell anemia is a hereditary disorder that affects people of african ancestry, but also occurs in other ethnic groups.
- Explains that sickle cell anemia affects hemoglobin, a protein found in red blood cells that helps carry oxygen throughout the body.
- Explains that teenagers with sickle cell anemia may develop jaundice (pronounced: jon-dis), a condition that results from the high rate of red blood cell breakdown.
- Explains that there is no cure for sickle cell anemia, and it is possible for some people to die. doctors can provide treatments that help prevent complications from the disease.
1107 wordsRead More - Sickle Cell Anemia and Red Blood Cell Physiology Introduction Sickle cell anemia is a disorder in which the body makes crescent-shaped red blood cells. Normal red blood cells are disc-shaped. They move easily through your blood vessels and contain an iron rich protein called hemoglobin. This protein carries oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body. Sickle cells contain abnormal hemoglobin due to a mutation in the hemoglobin chain.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that sickle cell anemia is a disorder in which the body makes crescent-shaped red blood cells and contains an iron rich protein called hemoglobin.
- Opines that sickle cell research is a great thing for patients with sickle cell anemia.
- Explains that in 1990, sickle cell anemia was identified as a cause of death for many children in connecticut. the screening program and follow-up care methods helped reduce the mortality of children.
- Describes how atomic force microscopy is used to measure mechanical properties of living and fixed cells. the rate of deformation of a red blood cell was examined mathematically to define abnormal cell rheology behavior.
892 wordsRead More - sickle cellexplanatory essaySickle cell disease is an inherited disease where the red blood cells in the body are produced abnormally by bone marrow as crescent shaped red blood cells. Unlike normal red blood cells, sickle shaped cells are unable to deliver much oxygen to other parts of the body due to the abnormal hemoglobin. Sickle cell’s are stiff and sticky and tend to clump together between blood vessels that can cause pain, damage to the organs, and infections. If a child inherits this disease they can be healthy throughout their life or need special care. “In the United States, SCD is most common among blacks and Hispanics. SCD affects about 1 in 500 black births and about 1 in 36,000 Hispanic births in this country. SCD is also common among people with family from Africa, the Caribbean, Greece, India, Italy, Malta, Sardinia, Saudi Arabia, Turkey or South or Central America (March of Dimes)”.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that sickle cell disease is an inherited disease where the red blood cells in the body are produced abnormally by bone marrow.
- Explains that sickle cell disease is passed down from the parent to the child genetically.
- Explains that a child can have sickle cell trait or swine cell disease. the patient can develop symptoms if they undergo stress, infection, exhaustion, or hypoxia with mild anemia.
- Explains that sickle cell disease occurs when the hemoglobin molecule loses its ability to attach oxygen to itself and changes the healthy red blood cells into a crescent shape.
- Explains that newborns undergo a blood, hearing, and heart screening to check for any chances of inheriting sickle cell disease. if detected early, infections can be prevented and increase survival chances.
- Explains that treatment for sickle cell disease assists to relieve pain and provides additional protection by reducing complications and preventing infections. patients with this ailment strive to get in touch with doctors that are specialized in blood disorders.
- Explains how narcotics are used to treat mild to severe pain, and how droxia reduces the rate of recurrence of pain and acute chest-syndrome.
- Explains that sickle cell disease can be very painful and discomforting for those who suffer with the symptoms that it brings interrupting the lives of patients. even though it has no cure, it can still be managed.
- Explains that sickle cell disease and your baby. march of dimes, mar. 2013. web. 20 feb. 2014. simmon, harvey.
703 wordsRead More - Sickle Cell Cause Diseaseexplanatory essaySickle-cell anemia is an illness in which the shape of red blood cells is altered to a sickle-like shape (Peachley, n.d.). It is basically the sickling of erythrocytes. The protein molecule, hemoglobin, is the reason for this altered shape. Hemoglobin is found on red blood cells and it is used to provide oxygen to tissues (Peachley, n.d.). In sickle-cell anemia the altered shape of the red blood cells prevent them from passing through blood vessels and this will result in an inadequate amount of oxygen being delivered to tissues in the body (Peachley, n.d.). Sickle cell anemia was discovered because of gel electrophoresis, which is a method that evaluates the charges of the hemoglobin. Gel electrophoresis, the inheritance pattern, and hemoglobin
In this essay, the author
- Explains that the shape of red blood cells is altered to a sickle-like shape, and the protein molecule, hemoglobin, is the reason for this altered shape.
- Explains how gel electrophoresis was used to determine the difference between sickle cell hemoglobin (hbs) and regular hba.
- Explains that sickle cell anemia is caused by a point mutation, which changes the nucleotide called glutamic acid into valine.
- Explains that the two beta globin alleles are influential considering the genetics of sickle-cell anemia, since it is a recessive trait, the only way for an individual to express this disease is by being homozygous.
- Explains that hemoglobin is an important part of the sickle cell disease. it is a protein that delivers oxygen to tissues in the body.
- Explains that having sickle cell disease alters the structure of hemoglobin.
- Explains that the hemoglobin beta chain, which is not complexed with oxygen, adheres to other beta chains, thus polymerizing.
- Explains that valine is nonpolar and hydrophobic, while glutamate is polar, and is hydrophilic. the altered amino acid of each beta chain causes polymerization into long stiff fibrils.
- Explains that there are a few methods being considered in order to treat sickle cell anemia. one method is to reignite the production of fetal hemoglobin.
- Concludes that sickle cell anemia is a dangerous molecular illness, which results in decreased oxygen levels for the individuals who have it.
1978 wordsRead More - Sickle Cell Diseases (SCD)explanatory essaySickle cell diseases (SCD) are diseases which are caused due to disorder of hemoglobin in hour body. Hemoglobin is a protein that transports oxygen through the red blood cells. People with sickle cell diseases have hemoglobin S which shapes the red blood cells in a sickle shape. Sickle cell diseases cause painful vaso-occlusive crises (VOC), stroke, acute chest syndrome, splenic sequestration, chronic pulmonary and renal dysfunction, and a vascular necrosis of the joints. It also causes physical and psychological stress of illness. Sickle cell diseases are treated in many ways, people with SCD undergo many optional therapies which include, chronic blood transfusion, hydroxyurea and allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT), this
In this essay, the author
- Explains that sickle cell diseases are caused due to disorder of hemoglobin in the red blood cells.
- Explains that they collected demographic information, such as indications for hct, age at hct, donor source, and conditioning regimen, as well as self-formatted results of children ages 5 to 18 years and young adults. they ranged the scores from 0-100.
- Explains that sickle cell anemia is a heredity disease, which means offspring can inherit the disease from their parents through natural selection.
- Defines natural selection as the process in which traits which are able to survive and reproduce are favorable and inherited over weak traits.
- Explains that cells are a basic unit of life and all organisms are made up of cells. they transport proteins to different parts of the body, provide energy in form of atp, and protect our body.
- Explains that the main protein affected by sickle cell anemia is hemoglobin, which acts as a building block in our body.
- Explains that they had no idea about sickle cell anemia until high school when they learned about natural selection and sickles. the assignment helps them understand the therapies patient undergo.
- Opines that healthcare workers and doctors can influence the government to buy the necessary materials for stem cell transplantation.
1889 wordsRead More - Sickle Cell Disease Essayexplanatory essayINTRODUCTION — Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited group of disorders characterized by the presence of hemoglobin S (HbS), either from homozygosity for the sickle mutation in the beta globin chain of hemoglobin (HbSS) or from compound heterozygosity of a sickle beta globin mutation with another beta globin mutation (eg, sickle-beta thalassemia). The hallmarks of SCD are vasoocclusive phenomena and hemolytic anemia. Sickle cell trait is a benign carrier condition characterized by heterozygosity for the sickle hemoglobin mutation.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that sickle cell disease is an inherited group of disorders characterized by the presence of hemoglobin s (hbs). the hallmarks of scd are vasoocclusive phenomena and hemolytic anemia.
- Explains that hbs polymerization is a primary determinant of the severity of sickle cell disease (scd).
- Explains that the use of prophylactic penicillin and comprehensive medical care have reduced the mortality of scd during the first five years of life.
- States that screening for scd in newborns is mandated in all 50 states and the district of columbia, regardless of birth setting.
- Explains that scd diagnosis should utilize dna testing or be postponed for at least four months after transfusion.
2387 wordsRead More - Sickle Cell Anemia Essayexplanatory essaySickle cell anemia affects millions of people around the world, with about 70,000 Americans inheriting the disease, and many others carrying the sickle cell trait (Genetics). This disease mostly affects people that have African and Mediterranean roots, mostly because this disease provides protection for people from malaria which kills 3,000 African children daily (Malaria). Malaria is a deadly infectious disease that is transmitted by to humans when mosquitoes sting them (Learn). Sickle cell anemia is the most common blood disorder that is a result of a mutation in the genes causing a mutated form of hemoglobin, the protein that helps red blood cells transport oxygen to the body from the lungs. The mutated form of hemoglobin, hemoglobin S, causes the red blood cells to alter their shape into a fragile crescent or sickle shape, which is the main cause for any negative effects a person with sickle cell anemia might have.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that the sickle cell shape causes the red blood cells to hit the wall of the blood vessels that surround them, and the connective tissue becomes blocked, damaged and scratched.
- Explains that sickle cell anemia affects millions of people around the world, with about 70,000 americans inheriting the disease, and many others carrying the sickle cell trait.
- Explains that in sickle cell disease, the hbb gene that encodes the beta globin gene on chromosome 11 is mutated creating a point mutation.
- Explains that if the tissues aren't receiving blood, organs like the heart, spleen, kidneys, and lungs will become damaged. people with sickle cell anemia are prone to infections and sickness.
1969 wordsRead More - The Sickle Cell Disease (SCD)explanatory essaySickle cell disease has lifelong effects on the body that causes continuous pain and health burdens. “Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a group of disorders affecting the haemoglobin protein leading to red blood cell sickling” (Ngo, 244). The disease can not be contracted from one person to another by airborne or direct contact. Sickle cell disease is inherited from both parents that carry the actual disease. If one parent has the disease and the other parent has the trait then it is a 50% chance that the child would either have the disease or be a carrier of the gene trait. “People with the disease are born with it and can experience complications of anaemia and organ damage to any part of the body starting in infancy” (Ngo, 244). Pain, anemia,
In this essay, the author
- Explains that sickle cell disease is a group of disorders affecting the haemoglobin protein leading to red blood cell sickling.
- Explains that pain is one of the major effects of sickle cell disease and it can vary from mild to severe. working out, overheating, getting too cold, not drinking enough fluids, and getting sick are some triggers.
- Explains that the most common effect of sickle cell disease is anemia, which means the body doesn't have enough red blood cells in its blood.
- Explains that organ damage occurs as a result of sickle cell crisis. lack of oxygen can cause acute to severe damage in the organs.
- Explains that sickle cell disease is a lifelong burden and causes continuous pain and health issues within the body.
790 wordsRead More - Funding of sickle cell diseases because of Race.analytical essaySickle cell was first discovered by Dr. Ernest irons that was a hospital intern who look over a patients cell which seem to be different he called them “sickle cell shaped”. Sickle cell is know as a negro inherited diseases which is incorrect not only African Americans have this diseases. Many other races are effect by this diseases and regions all over the world such as India, Mediterranean countries, South American. In this case sickle disease work kind of like vaccination for malaria another diseases, this is the most common inherited disease in American. Anyone who has sickle trait and have a baby with someone who has the trait also can bring a baby into the world the world with SCD.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that sickle cell anemia affects 70,000–100,000 people, mainly african americans. scd has no cure available but there are many treatments to deal with the complications of it.
- Explains that sickle cell is a negro inherited disease, which is incorrect not only for african americans, but also for other races.
- Explains that the first funding for sickle cell disease began thirty years ago when federal legislation dealing with the disease was accepted. the gap in funding with researchers and clinical care scd receive less public and professional compared with other prevalent diseases.
- Opines that philanthropy wants to stop the issue of it being about race and income and more on the need of measurements of needs when scd is fighting a prevalent disease.
- Explains that african american communities became apprehensive with misrepresentations when legislation labeled sickle cell as "communicable" disease.
- Analyzes how sca, cystic fibrosis, muscular dystrophy, and phenylketonuria were inherited by african-americans in 1967.
789 wordsRead More - Components And Summary: Normal Anatomy And Physiologyanalytical essayThe RBCs of a patient with sickle cell disease has 40% abnormal beta hemoglobin chains which form the hemoglobin S (HbS), inherited from one or both parents, thus possessing two of these alleles and a total hemoglobin of 80-100%. A carrier of this genetic disorder would have one HbS and HbA allele. In decreased oxygen conditions, the RBCs of the SCD individual resemble a sickle or half-moon shape which causes it to stick together thereby blocking blood flow in the vessels causing pain in the affected joints. This is known as a “vaso-occlusive event (VOE)” (p. 870) and it results in increased heart rate, reduced pulse, low blood pressure and decreased capillary refill. VOE also leads to reduced oxygen capacity of the hemoglobin reaching the tissue and other parts of the body leading to ischemia. In severe cases and with repeated ischemia, the organs of the body such as spleen, liver, heart, kidney, brain, joints, bones, and retina gradually decline in activity and function. (Ignatavicius & Workman,
In this essay, the author
- Explains that blood is one of the components that make up the circulatory system in the human body.
- Explains that sickle cell disease is anemia and genetic disorder passed down from parents to offspring with rbc lasting about 12-15 days.
- Explains that patients with scd have varying signs and symptoms with pain being the most common, but there are other clinical manifestations which vary with body systems.
- Explains the need for prophylactic and palliative care for patients with scd.
- Evaluates the effectiveness of hydroxyurea in reducing pain and analgesic use in patients with scd.
- Explains how jean watson's seventh and eight caritas process can be utilized during the nursing process. the patient needs adequate oxygen to prevent exacerbation of the disease.
1225 wordsRead More