Scandium is an element on the periodic table. It is a metal in group number 3 also known as a transition metal. Scandium has an atomic number of 21 and an atomic mass of 44.95. Sc is the chemical symbol for Scandium which has 21 protons, 21 electrons, 24 neutrons and 2 valence electrons. Scandium is a soft, silvery element which is very rare. It was discovered in 1879 by the Lars Fredrik Nilson. He detected this scandium in the minerals euxenite and gadolinite. He named the element scandium, from the Latin word Scandia meaning "Scandinavia". Scandinavia is now known as the countries of Sweden, Norway, and Denmark. The reason why Scandium was named after Scandinavia is because it is in the Scandinavian region where Scandium is most abundant. Scandium metal …show more content…
His method required him to get erbium oxide from the minerals which was then reacted to form erbium nitrate.Then he applied heat to the nitrate and found that his sample contained a small quantity of an unknown element.Nilson’s analysis showed 30 unique spectral lines.This proved the existence of the new element Scandium. He had named the element scandium after the Latin word ‘Scanda’ meaning Scandinavia. Scandium is used in aluminum for aerospace parts which helps strongly support the equipment. It is also used to make sports equipment such as bicycle frames, fishing rods, golf iron shafts and baseball bats. Scandium iodide is used in mercury vapor lamps which is an alternate way to produce light using the gas form of the element mercury. These are primarily used to replicate sunlight in studios for the film and television industry. Scandium is a member of the transition elements group which is a silver-white element that has been categorized as a rare earth element. Scandium was discovered by Nilson in 1879. Its existence was originally predicted by Dmitri Mendeleev ten years before being discovered by Nilson, but Dmitri was unable to isolate the element
Plutonium, which is a byproduct of the fission process, can also be used for manufacturing weapons and only requires 2-10kg to develop weapons. The atom bomb that landed in Nagasaki contained plutonium fuel. Depleted uranium, which is the left over from the enrichment process, is used to make military grade armor piercing bullets. These DU penetrators have been used in wars throughout history, the most recent being the Gulf wars. This is a disadvantage because the depleted uranium is toxic and has been scientifically proven to cause birth defects, cancer, and death where it was used.
Although some of the elements have been known for thousands of years, our understanding of many elements is still young. Mendeleev’s first Periodic Table contained only 63 elements, and about that many were discovered in the following 100 years. Just like countries, emperors, philosophers, and cities, elements have histories, too.“The Disappearing spoon” by Sam Kean, is a detailed history of the elements on the Periodic Table. Kean does a important job of telling every single element’s journey throughout the history of mankind: from the earliest times, when chemistry was intermingled with alchemy, to these days of modern chemistry. For example: Thallium is considered the deadliest element, pretending to be potassium to gain entry into our cells where it then breaks amino acid bonds within proteins. The CIA once developed a plan to poison Fidel Castro by dosing his socks with thallium-tainted
Strontium was discovered by Adair Crawford, an Irish chemist, in 1790 while studying the mineral witherite (BaCO3). When he mixed witherite with hydrochloric acid (HCl), he did not get the results he expected. He assumed that his sample of witherite was contaminated with an unknown mineral, a mineral he named strontianite (SrCO3). Strontium was first isolated by Sir Humphry Davy, an English chemist, in 1808 through the electrolysis of a mixture of strontium chloride (SrCl2) and mercuric oxide (HgO). Strontium reacts vigorously with water and quickly tarnishes in air, so it must be stored out of contact with air and water. Due to its extreme reactivity to air, this element always naturally occurs combined with other elements and compounds. Strontium is very
It is used in the production of dyes, fertilizers, and chlorides as well as in electroplating and in the photographic, textile and rubber industries.
This element when becoming an isotope can become radioactive due to its high activity as a metal. In its natural state it is a soft metal and it has a shiny “ wax “ like silver/white color to it, it is so soft that a knife could cut through it without a problem.
The Beryllium element, an alkaline earth metal which belongs to group II of the periodic table, was first discovered in 1798 by L.M. Vauquelin. Vauquelin,a French chemist, was doing work with aluminum and noticed a white powder that was nothing like that of aluminum or any of its derivatives. Vauquelin named this mystery powder, gluinium because of its sweet taste was like that of glucose. In 1828, Wohler, a German metallurgist reduced it to its metallic form and renamed it beryllium.(figure 2)
Recently there was a school shooting at a high school in Florida, 17 were killed and many others were injured. This attack was carried out by a 19-year-old named Nikolas Cruz. Cruz was clearly mentally unstable and had his actions show for it. His family and friends all knew about his issues and so did schools, his fellow peers even made jokes about him shooting up the school way before the incident even occurred. Multiple tips had been received prior to the shooting and the FBI did not take action to stop this attack and warn the school.
Mytilene was last member of Delian League which selected to worship in their own and they sent their men to fight with Athens fleet. There were so many differences between Mytilene and other allies regarding Athens. Mytilene ended it alliance with Athens and announced an open war against them. However, Sparta refused to make an alliance with Mytilene. It was prior to Peloponnesian War which gave an opportunity to Mytilene to seek assistance and support of Peloponnesians people (HISTORY.com, 2015).
Mr. Cronstedt discovered nickel in a mineral called niccolite. He originally planned to extract copper from this new mineral but got none at all. This is why nickel, at first, was called "false copper". Instead, Cronstedt got a silvery-white metal, which was eventually used for other things.
he found the number of alpha particles emitted per second by a gram of radium.
While all atoms of the same element have the same number of protons, it is possible for atoms of one element to have different numbers of neutrons. Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons are called isotopes . For example, all atoms of the element carbon have 6 protons, but while most carbon atoms have 6 neutrons, some have 7 or 8. Isotopes are named by giving the name of the element followed by the sum of the neutrons and protons in the isotope's nucl...
Naviance is a college and career planning program that has been adopted by Chicago Public Schools (CPS) for sixth through twelfth grade students. CPS defines it as “Naviance is a software tool that enables students in grades 6 through 12 to conduct comprehensive college and career planning. It is also a powerful data collection and analysis tool for school staff and administrators.” I am the lead facilitator for this program at Stowe Elementary. Upon receiving a professional development workshop on the ins and outs of navigating the program and the required “tasks” assigned to each grade level, I had to train each assigned grade level teacher to oversee the completion and utilization of the program by each student within the respective grade
Uranium, a radioactive element, was first mined in the western United States in 1871 by Dr. Richard Pierce, who shipped 200 pounds of pitchblende to London from the Central City Mining District. This element is sorta boring but I found something interesting, they used it to make an an atomic bomb in the Cold War. In 1898 Pierre and Marie Curie and G. Bemont isolated the "miracle element" radium from pitchblende. That same year, uranium, vanadium and radium were found to exist in carnotite, a mineral containing colorful red and yellow ores that had been used as body paint by early Navajo and Ute Indians on the Colorado Plateau. The discovery triggered a small prospecting boom in southeastern Utah, and radium mines in Grand and San Juan counties became a major source of ore for the Curies. It was not the Curies but a British team working in Canada which was the first to understand that the presence of polonium and radium in pitchblende was not due to simple geological and mineral reasons, but that these elements were directly linked to uranium by a process of natural radioactive transmutation. The theory of radioactive transformation of elements was brilliantly enlarge in1901 by the New Zealand physicist Ernest Rutherford and the English chemist Frederick Soddy at McGill University in Montreal. At dusk on the evening of November 8, 1895, Wilhelm Rontgen, professor of physics at the University of Wurzburg in Germany, noticed a cathode tube that a sheet of paper come distance away. He put his hand between the tube and the paper, he saw the image of the bones in his hand on the paper.
Four-hundred years ago, scientists began identifying substances now know as elements. They began recognising patterns in the properties as the number of know elements grew, leading to the beginning of classification schemes that would come to devise the periodic table as we know it today ("The Periodic Table", n.d.).
Brand was obsessed with finding the Philosopher’s Stone; this stone reputedly could change metals into gold. With his discovery, this made Brand the first known discoverer of an element. In 1669, he isolated human urine and distilled it which resulted in a white and waxy material. Brand named this material phosphorus (light bearer) because it glowed in the dark. This discovery was kept a secret until 1680 when an English chemist Robert Boyle discovered phosphorus independently. Boyle’s definition of this element was simply “a substance that cannot be broken down into a simpler substance by a chemical reaction”. This definition of the element lasted for three centuries until the discovery of subatomic