Coffee – Biology
Coffee is the bean from the coffee plant. The coffee bean from the market is the bean after few processes, the bean from the red color bean turn to black color bean. Because the coffee bean after the baking process, that’s way the coffee bean turns to black color. Plant pruning short planting also can grow more than 30 feet high. Coffee is a member of the Rubiaceae family. They are shrubs or small trees, native to tropical and southern Africa and Asia in this world. It is native to the East African plateau forest. It grow up very good in East African plateau forest it is because of the frequent rainfall, warm but not extreme temperatures, and the hills 600 to 1200 meters (2000 to 4000 feet) above sea level, it has been cultivated in the tropics.
Coffee tree is a woody shrub, which grows wild in up to 12 meters (39 feet), but planted trees are pruned to 2 meters (6.5 feet) to make harvesting easier. White flowers will produce a red, fleshy fruit, "Coffee cherry," which contains the beans. A single Coffee tree
Because it is less susceptible to diseases and insect pests, Robusta Coffee needs fewer pesticides and herbicides. Originally from highlands of Ethiopia forest. In 1897 as a Coffee recognition, in one hundred years, Arabica Coffee. Arabica Coffee. It is native to Borneo, French Polynesia, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Jamaica, and the Lesser Antilles. The Coffee Canephore about 30% of the world market. Genetically Robusta beans are a lot smaller and rounder than Arabica also it carries fewer chromosomes compared to Arabica. The heartier more disease and parasite resistant, so the Canephora coffee easily to plant and cheap to cultivate it. The Canephore has advantage in the warm climate and constant temperature 75 to 85 degrees. So the Canephore coffees are often used in making coffee in this
Focus on natural flavor of coffee: Unlike other coffee retailers, Portola Coffee Lab focusing as much as possible on the natural coffee flavor by avoiding the use of syrups and other additives. It also provides customers with different brewing methods depends on their tastes, such as Hario V60, the Hario Siphon, heated by halogen lights, or the Bunn Trifecta.
Caffeine occurs naturally in some plants such as coffee beans and tea leaves. Caffeine is also added to other beverages.
Sugar cane is believed to have originated in the South Pacific. S. spontaneum occurs in the wild from eastern and northern Africa, through the Middle East, to India, China, Taiwan, and Malaysia, and through the Pacific to New Guinea. The center of origin is probably in northern India where forms with the smallest chromosome numbers occur. S. robustum is found along river banks in New Guinea and some of its adjacent islands and is indigenous to the area. S. officinarum (or noble cane) most likely originated in New Guinea. This cane is only suited for tropical regions with favorable climate and soil. S. barberi probably originated in India. S. sinense occurs in portions of India, Indo-china, southern China and Taiwan. S. edule is thought to be a sterile form of S. robustum and is found only in New Guinea and nearby islands (Purseglove 1979).
As discussed in class, when demand decreases for a product, companies or in this case producers should exit the market. But when it comes to coffee, producers don’t want to exit the market because the costs of moving out of coffee production are quiet large and farmers don’t have the means for alternatives. The reason being that, farmers don’t have any outside funding to promote efficient diversification and development. Another reason is that there are protection policies from the United States and the European Union that have made it harder for framers to benefit from producing other crops. And yet, the opportunity cost for farmers to switch to another product is higher than the cost of coffee in a low profit market. So, this book discusses different strategies that are being used to help producers get a better advantage to provide a living for their families. Different strategies being used include shade-grown coffee, differentiation of products, organic coffe...
Caffeine and coffee are a daily part of life for most people in modern society. The discovery of the coffee bean is said to have been in Ethiopia, when a sleepy eyed goat herder noticed his goats eating red berries, he then noticed the effect it had on them as they jumped and danced around him. He then tasted the berries and his eyes opened wide, he took them to the local village who also liked it and in particular the monks who used the berries to keep them awake during meditation.
Cuba is a country that has a cuisine filled with an abundance of flavors and influences of the origins of its citizens and people that came by the island over the centuries. Filled with fruit trees and the perfect land for raising animals and growing vegetables, Cuban cuisine is unique and vast. A staple in a Cuban’s diet is, of course, their coffee. Internationally known for the strength and flavor of Cuban coffee it has made its way into many people’s morning routines.
Coffee is much more than the hot, black liquid that millions of us drink every morning; it is a worldwide commodity that has been keeping us awake for hundreds of years. It seems that a coffee shop can be seen on every shopping center and a coffee pot in every work break room. Our lives today revolve around coffee, regardless if we drink it or not, and ironically it not only stimulates of senses but also our economy. We wouldn’t be able to imagine Bill Gates not with his cup of coffee making Microsoft in his garage, or Henry Ford waking up early to perfect the auto industry and the assembly line. The economics of coffee may not be a simple one to study, but it is one you will be kept up all night learning about.
Caffeine, probably the most widely used drug, is a potent pharmacological and psychotropic agent. The white, bitter-tasting, crystalline substance was first isolated from coffee in 1820. The origins of the words, caffeine and coffee, reflect the spread of the beverage into Europe via Arabia and Turkey form North-East Africa, where coffee trees were cultivated in the 6th century. Coffee began to be popular in Europe in the 17th century, and plantation had been established in Indonesia and the West Indies by the 18th century. Nowadays, it is a regular component of the diet for most people. Caffeine is considered as a cheap drug that could be found in many nature sources such as tea, chocolate, and cocoa.
Coffee is a worldwide cash crop of which demand has exponentially increased over the years. “Coffee is (after oil) the world’s second most important traded commodity” (Cleaver 61). Competing coffee brewing companies wage war on offering the freshest, best tasting coffee the market has to offer. With such stiff competition there must be enough coffee beans deemed to be good enough in quality to supply the increasing demand. Starbucks can be considered one of today’s top competitors if not thee top coffee manufacturer presently in business. This successful company has had a huge impact on the coffee industry as well as the world. They have gone through great length to provide consumers with an excellent product as well as create a legacy that shows how to best go about running a massive corporation while keeping the environment clean and healthy.
When Starbucks started their target market were people who enjoyed coffee not just for the energy boost that they got from the caffeine, but people who enjoyed sitting down and drinking a well-prepared cup of coffee. Upon visiting Italy and falling in love with the coffee bars and the experience that they offered, Schultz envisioned a place between home and work where you could just sit and enjoy your coffee. Starbucks wanted to control their coffee from “raw green bean to the steaming cup” this meant that they had to talk with their farmers to make sure the quality was up to their standards. They
After that, you harvest the beans. Cocoa pods are ripe when they turn a bright yellow/orange. The pods are typically harvested twice per year, though it can be more. Then, the pods are opened, and the beans/seeds are removed. Each seed is about the size of an olive.
Besides the high demand and cost for gasoline these days, coffee is considered the second most traded commodity on worldwide markets next to oil. "Coffee is grown in more than 50 countries in a band around the equator and provides a living for more than 20 million farmers. Altogether, up to 100 million people worldwide are involved in the growing, processing, trading and retailing of the product" (Spilling the Beans , ). In 2001, coffee farmers and plantations produced over 15 billion pounds of coffee while the world market only bought 13 billion pounds. The overproduction in the coffee industry is not a usual thing and is one of the major reasons why prices vary throughout the industry.
Coffee has its history as far back of the 9th century .It is believed to be originated in Ethiopia, particularly in the south western parts of the country called Kaffa (Wilson p-45) . The etymology of coffee presumed to be taken was from kaffa where it was originated.
It appears that coffee was discovered in the ninth century after a goatherd named Kaldi found the berries that his sheep were eating made his sheep and then himself unusually energetic. The stimulating berries after being roasted and brewed eventually evolved into coffee as a hot drink and became popular throughout Arabia, Turkey and Europe by the seventeenth century. (Thomson, 2006). In 1901, the first successful technique for manufacturing a stable powered product was invented by Sartori Kato, a Japanese chemist living in America. Kato received a patent for his invention and the instant coffee history was made. He then set up his own coffee company named Kato Coffee Company in Chicago (Stefanie, n.d.).
Cacao which is known as the cocoa bean, comes from the cacao tree or “Theobroma cacao.” Theobroma is a Greek word which translates to “food of the Gods.” The tree is an evergreen which can be found in over 50 tropical countries, and is estimated to be grown by around 2.5 million producers. Around 90 percent of the producers are