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Alcohol and rape” summary
Sexual assault caused by drinking
Sexual assault among college students
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Rape due to intoxication is currently at the forefront of all issues facing college campuses across the United States. Because of the negative effects alcohol has on the human brain, it often plays a major role in the sexual assault of college women. In fact, a study conducted by Dr. Antonia Abbey found that “55% of the sexual assaults reported by college women involved alcohol consumption” (Abbey, 119). In ninety-seven percent of these assaults, both the victim and perpetrator were reported to be intoxicated. In addition, college women are significantly more likely to experience sexual assault than college men, whereas, college men are much more likely to be the perpetrators than the victims of assault. It is a harsh fact that most women will …show more content…
Sex without consent defines rape and sexual assault. Alcohol impairs judgment, and intoxicated individuals are not in the right frame of mind to make decisions regarding sex and sexual contact. Dr. Abbey Antonia explains that, “Intoxication limits one’s ability to consider the long-term negative consequences of behavior because it limits one’s focus to short-term immediate cues” (Abbey, 122). In cases where both parties are intoxicated, alcohol often influences male perpetrators to feel less inhibited, more powerful, aggressive, and sexually aroused. Perpetrators feel comfortable raping a woman because intoxication from alcohol allows them to focus on their own sexual pleasure, while ignoring the victim’s refusal and pain. The effects of alcohol make it easier for perpetrators to ignore the word, “No,” and to force sex on an unconsenting partner. In addition, the effects of alcohol may cause males to misinterpret a woman’s politeness or friendliness as a sign of flirtation and sexual interest. “In the case of sexual assault, a man may feel his aggressiveness is justified if he believes his partner encouraged his sexual interest and that once led on, a man has a right to sex” (Abbey, 122). However, this is never the case. A woman’s behavior, dress, or alcohol consumption is never an indicator of sexual desire or …show more content…
These drugs include Rohypnol, commonly known as “roofies,” Gamma Hydroxy Butyrate or GHB, and Ketamine, an anesthetic drug typically for veterinarian use. As date-rape drugs, these substances essentially “spike” the victim’s beverage as the perpetrator discreetly slips the drug of choice into the victim’s drink. Subsequently, it dissolves into the liquid and incapacitates the unsuspecting victim within minutes after consumption. At that point, the victim is unable to refuse sex or defend oneself. She will awaken hours later, feeling disoriented and having no memory of the time that passed while she was drugged. These types of date-rape drugs are very serious and typically indicate that the victim experienced rape while incapacitated. The victim should receive medical care right away and report the incident to local
Although high-risk drinkers are a minority in all ethnic groups, their behavior is far from a harmless “rite of passage.” In fact, drinking has pervasive consequences that compel our attention. The most serious consequence of high-risk college drinking is death. The U.S. Department of Education has evidence that at least 84 college students have died since 1996 because of alcohol poisoning or related injury—and they believe the actual total is higher because of incomplete reporting. When alcohol-related traffic crashes and off-campus injuries are taken into consideration, it is estimated that over 1,400 college students die each year from alcohol-related unintentional injuries. Additionally, over 500,000 full-time students sustain nonfatal unintentional injuries, and 600,000 are hit or assaulted by another student who has been drinking. Administrators are well aware of the burden alcohol presents to the campus environment. In addition, the 1997, 1999, and 2001 Harvard surveys found that the majority of students living in dorms and Greek residences, who do not drink excessively, still experience day-to-day problems as a result of other students’ misuse of alcohol. The prevalence of these “secondhand effects” varies across ...
The book: Crash Into Me By Liz Seccuro examines the themes of Sexual Assault(Pg. 49), Lack of Institutional Support(Pg. 68), and Alcoholism(Pg. 17). Alcoholism in the college culture is a conspicuous recurring element that plays a major role in the rape that occurs in the second chapter. Some of the major causes of alcoholism in college are; availability of alcohol(Pg. 44), social pressure(Pg. 46), and genetic susceptibility to alcohol. In Seccuro’s Crash Into Me, on page 44, it states “We all approached one of the many kegs and Jim poured a beer for each of us into those large, red plastic cups that are still a fixture at college parties today” (Seccuro 44). This gives a clear statement about how easy the alcohol is accessed for everyone at the party, even for an under-aged drinker. Seccuro also addresses the point of social pressure on page 46, “I was anxious to get home. But I didn’t want to seem like a loser, either. I figured one more drink couldn’t hurt” (Seccuro 46). This gives a glimpse of what kind of social pressure a lot of college students feel when they are at parties where rape and other occurrences happen. In a study done in 2015 by the National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence(NCADD); the institute implores; “Researchers have identified numerous genes as affecting risk for dependence on alcohol and drugs” (NCADD 2015).
Society’s role in criminalizing statutory rape cases play a big part on how people look at the different cases. In society everyone expects for a younger girl to be with an older guy, so people may not see a priority in statutory rape laws. “Considering that it is customary for women to date and marry slightly older men” (M.W., 1998). Since it is not abnormal for younger girls and older guys to be together most people do not see an age gap of about three years that big of a deal. But if these people do not report a case of statutory rape then they are technically endangering a minor. Males in society do not see male statutory rape victims as victims. These men look at it as a pat on the back to the young boys who were sexually active with adult women. The men also make comments saying that they wish they could have been in that position when they were young. Some people in today’s society do not understand the priority of really enforcing statutory rape cases unless there is a huge age difference or the victim was a young girl instead of a boy. The media has a big part in which cases will be recognized. The media tends to show female victims and adult male offenders more than they would male victims and adult female offenders. Female offenders should be broadcasted just as much as the men and should not get privileges just because they are women.
With one in five college students experiencing sexual assault during their college career who wouldn’t be afraid? This remains especially true for young women between the ages of 18-24 (“The Realities of Sexual Assault”). While a woman’s freshman and sophomore year of college are when she is at a most risk for assault, it can happen at any time. According to Robin Gray in the article on sexual assault statistics, “between 20% and 25% of women will experience a completed and/or attempted rape during their college career,” (Gray). At Northwest Missouri State University for the 2016-2017 academic year there are 5,618 undergraduate students enrolled. With the ratio of male to female students being 44% to 56%, there are about 3,147 female students. In terms of the statistics estimated by Gray, 630-787 of the female student population at Northwest Missouri State will experience rape during their college career (“Northwest Missouri State University”). This is a disturbingly large figure. Women are not the only ones susceptible to these acts, but men are too. It is said about “10%” of all sexual assault cases involve male victims (“The Realities of Sexual Assault”). While this number is slightly lower for men it is often believed that male victims of sexual assault do not often report their crime due to the social stigma surrounding their assault. Men may feel
The college life is far more dangerous than what we think in general. Most of the crimes are witnessed in the college campus, and one of the most critical and life-consuming crime was sexual assault. However, the sexual assault is still concerning and remains the controversy. Most college students do know that sexual violence should always be pleaded guilty. The sexual assault often resulted from alcohol and parties, and the undergraduate freshmen do not realize how violent sexual assault is. All members of the college community need to realize how sexual assault can harm life and success.
Sexual aggression among college students has been a popular topic of examination for the past three decades. One of the reasons for the repeated analysis is the fact that sexual aggression remains a common and enduring experience among college students. An early survey on this topic found that 54% of college women reported experiencing some sort of sexual victimization (Koss, Gidycz, & Wisniewski, 1987). That same year, Muehlenhard and Linton reported that 78% of female college students experienced some sort of sexual coercion and 15% reported experiencing a rape. Studies since then have consistently replicated those findings. Sexual coercion is commonly defined as any method used to obtain sexual contact with an initially unwilling partner, including negotiation and reasoning, guilt or emotional pressure, and the threat or use of physical aggression (Lyndon, White, & Kadlec, 2007).
In Daniel Luzer’s article “Is Alcohol Really to Blame for the Prevalence of Sexual Assault of college Campuses?” published in Pacific Standard, Luzer supports the claim that alcohol has little to do with sexual assault in college. The number of sexual assaults in colleges have been on the rise, but the amount of alcohol consumed by university students has changed a small amount. There have been arguments stating that women should drink less, and others insisting that men should reduce their consumption to prevent the attackers from attacking. However, teaching people, men and women, not to rape, is the most obvious choice. Alcohol cannot be blamed for everything because a survey showed that the percentage of college-aged students that were
Only Words, by Catharine MacKinnon is a collection of three essays; each essay argues her claim that sexual words and pictures should be banned instead of Constitutionally protected under the First Amendment as free speech. In her first essay, “Defamation and Discrimination,” MacKinnon takes the stance that pornography is sex, and should not be treated as speech, but as a sexist act. She claims that pornography is an action, just as, “a sign saying ‘White Only’ is only words, but … it is seen as the act of segregation that it is.”(MacKinnon 13) MacKinnon claims that other action words, such as death threats, are banned, pornography should be banned as well. According to her essay, pornography rapes women. First, the photographers select already victimized women to be photographed, and thereby re-victimizing them. Then each man who views the pornography uses the ideas he attains from it to force his own sexual partner to perform the acts in the pornography. In the second essay, “Racial and Sexual Harassment,” MacKinnon states, “if ever words have been understood as acts, it has been when they are sexual harassment.”(MacKinnon 45) She explains how written words can have the same effects on a reader as an action. They can evoke the same fear and violation as a physical threat of rape. In her final essay, “Equality and Speech,” MacKinnon suggests that the words as actions that she has describes in her previous essays should be subject to a group defamation lawsuit. She states that the Constitution protects speech that promotes sexual inequality. She feels that the Fourteenth Amendment should cover the discrimination allowed in the First Amendment.
Malia Lestrange, an adolescent college girl was wandering in the dark drunk, with no one around and unaware of her surroundings. Little did she know someone was surveying her every move, lingering for the precise moment to take advantage of her. Malia was then, grabbed from behind in the predator's trap tainted by the darkness and raped. She couldn't grant any consent or the strength to control her body to break free. After that incident, she was later found by a local pedestrian unconscious and bare. Many females and males can fall into the victim to these types of situations when under the influence, especially on college campuses. However, considering the many challenges faced when drinking on campus, it’s understandable that many college
Taking recreational drugs, heavy drinking, and other such actions puts them at risk for others to take advantage of them, especially sexually. Campus Sexual Violence runs rapid across college campuses, most of the victims being female. According to RAINN.org, “among graduate students, 23.1% of females and 5.1% of males experience rape or sexual assault through physical force, violence, or incapacitation.” (RAINN.org). These stats exist because it is easier to overcome a person if they are under the influence of a drug or alcohol, giving an easy access for criminals. It is also hard to maintain rationality when under the influence, causing users or heavy drinkers to act irrationally while under the
Rape is first and foremost an act of aggression, not an act of sexuality. Sexuality is simply used as an expression of this aggression. Rape occurs in different forms to express different forms of aggression, resulting from different underlying causes and motivation. In fact, according to the Rape, Abuse & Incest National Network (RAINN), one in six American women is a victim of sexual assault; about 44% of rape victims are under the age of 18, while 80% are under the age of 30. More than half of all rapes are never reported. Date rape is the most common form of rape and occurs in 78% of all rape cases. Although girls and women are more often the victims of rape, 7-10% of victims are boys and men. One in 33 American
From the beginning of a child’s life, he/she holds the key to their own destiny. However, this is no longer the case when child sexual abuse is brought in as a factor. In surveys conducted, it was indicated that six percent to sixty-two percent of women and two percent to fifteen percent of men have been victims of sexual abuse as a child (Finkelhor 79). That was not their choice. Abuse is the result of force - not from a person’s willingness to fulfill an act. Victims also have to cope with the aftereffects brought onto them by their attackers. These decisions they had no choice over, but they ultimately set the basis for the rest of their lives. This is because adult survivors of sexual abuse generally have consequences created by violence, misinterpretations of sex, and are more likely to continue the cycle of sexual abuse themselves.
Rape, one of the most physiological damaging events that can happen to a person, an act of violence and force that will always remain with the victim. Rape can be seen as one of those topics that are deemed to be highly sensitive and serious but there will still be sources who find a way to say that the act of rape is one that can be provoked. Whether they say that the victim was wearing clothing that was showing too much skin, or that the victim was in a state of drunkenness, I believe that in no matter what situation the victim was in, rape can only be blamed on the assaulter.
The problem of alcohol use is very relevant nowadays. Today alcohol consumption characterized by vast numbers in the world. All of society is suffering from this, but primarily jeopardized the younger generation: children, teenagers, young people, and the health of future mothers. Because alcohol is particularly active effect on the body that are not formed, gradually destroying it. The harm of alcohol abuse is evident. It is proved that when alcohol is ingested inside the body, it is carried by blood to all organs and has harmful effect on them until destruction. Systematic use of alcohol develops a dangerous disease such as alcoholism. Alcoholism is dangerous to human health, but it is curable as other diseases. The big problem is that most of the alcohol products which are made in private places contain many toxic substances, defective products often leads to poisoning and even death. All this has negative impact on society and its cultural values.
Finding the source of this epidemic can potentially help end the sexual violence problem. According to Franklin el al., (2012) lack of awareness and understanding of the sexual violence problem is a major factor within this issue. Lack of awareness and understanding affects prevention and reporting in different ways. According to Franklin et al., (2012) about 90% of the sexual assaults reported by college women are perpetrated by someone known by the victim; about half of those happen or occur on a date (Abbey et al., 1996a; Koss, 1988). According to Franklin et al., (2012) sexual violence in college happens more often among students that know each other. The most common locations are the woman’s or man’s home, this includes dormitory rooms, apartments, fraternities, sororities and parents’ homes in the context of a date or party (Franklin et al., 2012). The lack of awareness of sexual assault among college women decreases their ability to protect themselves and places them at greater risk because it makes them easy targets and more vulnerable. Women in these positions may be unaware of the dangers and may trust the men they date and not realize that they could be in danger. Another problem is