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School programs that fight obesity
Literature review on obesity in australia
Literature review on obesity in australia
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“63% of Australian adults were overweight or obese in 2011–12, 70% of men and 56% of women. This has increased from 57% in 1995. Being overweight or obese are risk factors for many chronic health conditions such as heart disease, diabetes, and … cancers.” This dramatic quote from the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare states the appalling: we are getting fatter and fatter every day. One of the foremost reasons for this is the giant increase in portion sizes, or “portion distortion”. This trend must be reversed! Firstly, I will explain that portion distortion exists and why it’s a problem. Secondly, I will describe the countless benefits of stopping this problem, and finally I will convince you that we can stop portion distortion to the benefit of all Australians. The problem of portion distortion is widespread in scale and distribution. Bearing in mind, the average kilojoule intake …show more content…
‘Every sick day costs businesses an average of $385 and one in 40 people have one [sick day] daily in Australia’ states the Sydney Morning Herald in 2012. Being healthy improves productivity in the workforce, as employees are more efficient and have fewer days lost due to illness. This all combines to an improved experience for the whole of Australia, not just those affected directly by obesity related in part to portion distortion. We can reverse portion distortion by educating the community. Firstly, people need to know that portion size has changed and continues to grow. Secondly, many people who are overweight do not see themselves as such, though some do. Educating people about healthy weight ranges and abdominal circumference is done by doctors but we could do more. An advertising campaign, such as those against smoking, are likely to be effective. Finally, it is hard to exercise off those extra kilojoules and people need to be made aware that improving energy balance is much easier by reducing intake than increasing
Firstly, I will explain that portion distortion exists and why it’s a problem. Secondly, I will describe the many benefits of stopping it, and then finally I will convince you that we can stop it.
The first step to fighting the obesity epidemic is education. The mayor of Manchester admits to her ignorance on the issue “I just don’t know a lot about obesity” (408 Haygood). Informing the mayor would be the first step to informing the town. Once the mayor is informed, she could speak out at community event and at schools. It is vital to have a
Obesity is a huge problem that needs to be resolved because it affects all people, unlike most issues. People of every gender, every age, and every race are at risk of being obese. Obesity rates in America have nearly doubled within the last twenty years. Something must be done not only to prevent obesity rates continuous rising, but also to dramatically increase the percentage of obese people in America altogether.
Both the risk factors and the effects of obesity are now more terrifying than any other preventable disease to both the population and the economy of Canada. In a survey of seventeen developed countries, Canada placed only tenth in life expectancy and wellbeing, while placing fourth in the highest spending on healthcare(Flood). A large factor in Canada’s state of poor well-being is obesity; obesity causes one in ten premature deaths of people aged twenty to sixty-four(Ogilvie) and is a leading cause of many life-threatening illnesses: “Obesity is recognized as a major and rapidly worsening public health problem that rivals smoking as a cause of illness and premature death. Obesity has been linked with type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, stroke, gallbladder disease, some forms of cancer, osteoarthritis,
Obesity is clinically defined as a body mass index (BMI) of above 30kg/m2 and is the accumulation of excess adipose tissue1. It is currently viewed as an epidemic due to the increasingly large proportion of adults who are now obese, with the incidence rapidly rising in the recent years. In a five year period from 1995-2000 there was a predicted increase of 100 million obese individuals world-wide 2. In UK it is estimated that over 25% of adult males and females are obese and it is thought that these figures will continually rise with estimations that 60% of adult men and 50% of adult woman with be obese by 2025.3 Being a huge burden on the NHS, it has been predicted that £5 billion a year is spent on preventing and treating the complications of excessive weight in the UK, which is almost 5% of the total NHS budget (£5billion/£108billion).4 The cost of obesity on the NHS will rise to correlate with the increasing incidence illustrated.
Overweight and obesity problem is becoming more and more serious in Australia. Not only Australians but also the world’s problem obesity is studied as one of the main causes of chronic diseases such as coronary heart disease, Type 2 diabetes, and some cancers and sleep apnoea as well as other serious conditions, which put national economies and individual lives at risk. Obesity is also regarded as epidemic. Obesity is caused by a calorific imbalance between diet intake and consumed calories. Obesity has become the biggest threat to Public Health in Australia shown by Australia Bureau of Statistics (2013). Also, the prevalence of obesity is predicted as the ratio of obesity in adults and children will be doubled by 2025 (Backholer et al.2012). It is believed that this phenomenon is happening due to many social determinants of health, which have a strong negative impact on not only individuals but also society and economy. (Wilkinson and Marmot 2003) The social determinants of health are explained as conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work and age by WHO (Wilkinson & Marmot 2013). Different circumstances can be formed depending on their finance, power and global resources. These social determinants seem to be responsible for health inequities, which seem to be unfair and avoidable. Social determinants of health including social gradient, high calorie food intake, excessive amounts of stress and poor early life care are the relevant factors to contribute to be or being obesity. It is important to understand that the correlation of social determinants of health and obesity to manage the health problems and enhance public’s health.
According to the United States Department of Health and Human Services there have been a notably large number of deaths due to obesity since it leads into other diseases like heart disease, type two diabetes and high blood pressure. Over weight and obese people in general
One thing that obese people must put up with is being unhealthy, not just physically unhealthy, but mentally unhealthy as well. This unfortunate reality is present in all ages. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute did research on the health risks of being overweight and obese. They discovered that in adults, the health risks of being overweight include, but are not limited to, “coronary heart disease, high blood pressure, strokes, type two diabetes, metabolic syndrome, cancer, sleep apnea, gallstones, and reproductive problems.” Overweight children, on the other hand, are less prone to these health conditions unless they remain heavy through adulthood. Since obese or overweight kids are very likely to stay that way over time, in the end they may be subject to the same health problems as corpulent adults (1). Moving on...
states that “Individual clinicians (GPs, nurses, allied health, Aboriginal Health Workers etc)” “Medicare Locals can make an important contribution at the local level to preventing obesity” " Which is reinforced in (Bhi.nsw.gov.au,.), (2015) that states how the public having access to health specialists such as doctors who can conduct blood cholesterol testing as effective because “Proactive screening and diagnosis of adults with raised cholesterol levels, followed by ongoing management, has been shown to save lives and help avoid unnecessary hospitalisation.2” In addition the public having full access to government health websites such as health direct Australia which is reflected in (Healthdirect.gov.au,. (n.d.) Which provides information that can adeptly educate individuals to watch what they eat, measure there belly’s, conduct self assessment “methods commonly used to estimate whether you are a healthy weight or not” (healthdirect.gov.au,. (n.d). And calculate there BMI which can act as early warning signs and prevent obesity. Although one or more can argue the accessibility of health services is insufficient as (Ruralhealth.org.au, 2013)
Although many individuals are uncertain about the increasing statistics associated with obesity, more than seventy percent of men and virtually sixty-two percent of women within the United States adult population are overweight or obese (Wilmore, Costill, & Kenney). Obesity refers to the condition of having an excessive amount of body fat. If an individual’s amount of body fat becomes too excessive, he/she is at a much greater risk of developing life-altering diseases such as heart failure, hypertension, type II diabetes, cancer, gallbladder disease, osteoarthritis, etc. (Wilmore, et al., 2008).
If the health of employees can help or hinder a company, then why do companies still have sick days? With the “on the go” lifestyles, how can we not question the health of employees and their families. Today we have high stress jobs, rush hour traffic, and demanding schedules. Being healthy and fit is the way to conquer tomorrow.
The following statistic helps to depict the current situation in regards to obesity levels in the UK. According to The Health Survey for England: Adult Reference Tables (1997, cited in The Department of Health) “Obesity has risen dramatically over the last five years - 17 per cent of men are now obese, compared with 13 per cent in 1993, and almost 20 per cent of women are now obese compared with 16 per cent in 1993.
Overweight people are affected by physical and emotional health problems. A few of the most common physical problems related to obesity include asthma, hypertension, polycystic ovary syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and sleep problems (Kids Health.org). Other known risk factors are coronary heart disease, stroke, gallbladder disease, osteoarthritis, and some forms of cancer (win@info.niddk.nih.gov). These health conditions are becoming more and more common, society needs to promote this generation towards a healthier life style. Furthermore, schools need to better educate kids on the detrimental factors of obesity beforehand. In addition,
With obesity can come many other diseases or health problems. For example, people who are obese are more likely to develop heart problems, diabetes, or high blood pressure (Loop).... ... middle of paper ... ...
All in all, poor or rich people should be more aware of the affects of obesity. Moreover, they should pay attention on how it affects on their health. This issue rate is spreading and will not stop spreading until people understand that obesity is a really dangerous. Obese, or fit people should be encouraged to have a healthy lifestyle, eat healthy , and exercise.