The heat from global warming will also cause pests to multiply fast which will also lead to less crops. Global warming will also make water difficult to give to livestock which will cause dehydration and mass death in livestock population. There will also be an Increase of water temperature harming fisheries and wild seafood population. These impacts can threaten human health through malnutrition, food poisoning, and diseases. There is concern that climate change will have very negative affect on human life and the environment.
In particular, it will be the increase of UV-B rays which will have the most negative side effects. It will effect humans, plants, the Earth’s water and every other living creature. Studies have shown that for every five percent reduction in the concentration of ozone, the rate of skin cancer will rise by ten percent, due to increased exposure to the Sun’s ultraviolet rays (Environment Canada). Increased amounts of ultraviolet radiation increase the incidence of eye cataracts, which are patches of light blocking tissue which can lead to blindness (Ehrlich 120). It will also affect plants, which are sensitive to ultraviolet radiation.
It is the UV-B rays, between 280 and 320nm, absorbed only by ozone, that are of the greatest concern. Any loss or destruction of the stratospheric ozone layer could mean greater amount of UV-B radiation would reach the earth, creating among other problems, an increase in skin cancer (melanoma) in humans. As UV-B rays increase, the possibility of interferences with the normal life cycles of animals and plants would become more of a reality, with the eventual possibility of death. Stratospheric ozone has been used for several decades as a tracer for stratospheric circulation. Initial measurements were made by ozonesondes attached to high altitude balloons, by chemical-sondes or optical devices, which measured ozone concentrations through the depletion of UV light.
With less ozone in the atmosphere, more ultraviolet radiation strikes Earth, causing more skin cancer, eye damage, and possible harm to crops. The main causes of ozone depletion are chlorofluorocarbons (CFC’s), such as coolants, aerosols, and fire extinguishers. When CFC’s are released, they rise into the ozone layer. The UV (ultraviolet) radiation then releases chlorine from the CFC’s. Chlorine is a chemical that disintegrates the ozone.
It was at that time, 1987, despite significant opposition from industries, when the nations enforced the Montreal Protocol, which eliminates CFCs. Similar efforts will be needed to stop the increase of Green house gases also know as Global Warming. Global warming is just harder to address because of our demographic reality. EPA and other global organizations have put more global efforts in place. Acts like the Clean Air Act, which was established in 1963 to encourage programs to prevent and control air pollution (Air).
Second, an analysis of the Basel Convention and its criticisms are explored. Next, an examination of the Basel Ban and its significance are presented. Then, the implications for recycling in relation to the Basel Ban are discussed. Finally, three important lessons to take from the convention are provided. "It is a grave abuse and an offence against the solidarity of humanity when industrial enterprises of rich countries profit from the weak economies and legislation of poorer countries by exporting dirty technologies and wastes which degrade the environment and health of the population."
The article continues by stating that according to the World Meteorological Organization, the planet will come back to pre-ozone hole conditions between 2060 and 2075 (Ozone hole diminishing, Nov). Chemists poke holes in ozone theory The article states experimental data has the potential to “shatter” the current belief system regarding ozone depletion (Schiermeier, 2007). The shattering may go all the way up to how scientists and ultimately the laymen understands the ozone hole formation occurs and the connection to changes in climate. The Montreal Protocol has been a big plus in how the hole may be managed, but the effects of those years freely using CFCs will still linger in the atmosphere for decades to come (Schiermeier, 2007). Interaction of CFCs and the sun rays are complex, but chemists at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California are relying on the new measurements to cast doubt on how the understanding of ozone holes are flawed.
Human CFCs are insoluble, and can therefore rise to the ozone layer where they can do their damage. Do man-made chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) destroy the ozone layer? There are no longer any skeptics left at NASA, the National Academy of Sciences, the National Center for Atmospheric Research, or the World Meteorological Organization. In fact, the three scientists who first sounded the alarm in the early 80s -- F. Sherwood Rowland, Paul Crutzen and Mario Molina -- received the 1995 Nobel Prize in chemistry for their work. In 1991, NASA launched the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) in an attempt to determine once and for all if humans were responsible for causing this serious damage to the atmosphere.
Algae are at the base of the marine food web and so damage to them can cause long lasting harm to marine ecosystems. Ozone in the stratosphere is caused by the photochemical reaction of oxygen in sunlight, and is formed in greater amounts around the tropics where sunlight is strongest. The least amount of ozone is found around the poles when they are in darkness. In the mid-1980's it was shown that measurements were showing decreasing amounts of ozone above the Antarctic. This depletion of ozone eventually became a large hole by the early 1990's, and this same series of events has recently been observed to be occurring over the arctic.
One argument is that many different things are contributing to the destruction of coral rather than climate change including overfishing, marine pollution and cyclones/hurricanes (World Climate Report, 2010). Although this may be true, the main causes of coral reef destruction still relates back to global warming. From 1985 to 2012, coral populations in the Great Barrier Reef have decreased by 50.7 per cent, with 48 per cent due to tropical cyclones, 42 per cent because of crown of thorns starfish (COTS) and 10 per cent directly due to bleaching (De 'ath et al., 2012). It has been indicated that due to global warming, there has been an increase in the number of tropical cyclones (Knutson et al., 2010). However, it has also been found that there is a possibility of cyclones actually mitigating coral bleaching (Baker et al., 2008; Schultz, 2012).