On the Development of Quantum Computers and Cryptography
In 2010, the United States government, after accessing encrypted files by means of physical intervention, exposed ten Russian sleeper agents; in 2013, the United States government, without any means of physical intervention, surreptitiously collected and promptly decrypted many previously encrypted (Wood). Within this decade, concerns regarding the dubious security of contemporary cryptography will begin to emerge as the secrets of quantum computing quickly unravel. Companies that rely on Moore’s law, which asserts that computing power doubles every eighteen months, to justify using the theoretically weak cryptography scheme known as RSA will succumb to the risks posed by unforeseen developments in this branch of computer science. Such an occurrence resides not too far in the future, and when the stasis between the two opposing forces of cryptological and quantum development breaks, it will upend all encryption techniques presently practiced. In order to ward off the impending risk of nil action, businesses must invest in more dependable technologies.
All of the the modern world’s electronic security relies on a system developed before the dawn of microprocessors known as “public-key cryptography,” which encrypts information with a lock that only the handler can unlock using a so called ‘public key’. When first conceived in the 1940s, everyone lauded the idea of using inextricably convoluted code to obfuscate information. As a result, society built most of modern day cryptography upon this foundation. Looking to improve upon this architecture in the 1970s, Ron Rivest, Adi Shamir, and Leonard Adleman developed a new cryptographic scheme called “RSA” that works in a similar...
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... the gravity of an oncoming crises and possibly diffuse it entirely.
While the future arrives quickly, and quantum computing technology develops at an unprecedented rate, the development of a complete and fully functional quantum computer will engender the world with both luxuries and hazards. Even so, quantum computers don’t harbor danger in and of themselves -- only the people who find it useful to abuse them harbor danger. Individuals and policy makers can not avoid this by condemning the use and development of this technology. By investing in other encryption technologies, companies can secure their digital assets from a brute-force attack. In a time when the government already puts cyber-security at stake, progression remains as the only conceivable option. For better or for worse, the computing power the government has today, the people will have tomorrow.
In today's society with the increased use of computers, internet, and wireless communications, the need for safety and security has risen dramatically. The internet has become the number one communication medium and is more accessible than ever. Through the internet, vast amount of information is being transmitted between computers. At times, some of the information transmitted can be intercepted illegally, such as personal information and private messages. The percentage of information that is illegally intercepted has been dramatically reduced due to the use of encryption software technology, which was once used by the United States military and government. This technology has given businesses and private users the sense of security in transmitting information through the internet as well as to maintain national security. The use of encryption has been a topic of discussion for the past 20 years. The U.S government has attempted several times to regulate encryption because they felt that it was a matter of national security that they should have control of the technology and protect us from vulnerability if software is shared or sold to other countries. The effort of encryption regulation by the U.S. was unsuccessful and today there are least restrictions on the use and export of encryption technology. The introduction of encryption regulation in the United States has made a global impact. Other countries, such as China, Russia, and others around the world, have implemented encryption regulations to due to the influence of the U.S. but have restrictions that are far more stringent and harsh. The strong regulations by these countries are creating conflict among private users and foreign companies that export encryption software to these countries. This argument and debate continues between the government, businesses, and encryption companies. The question is should the government have the right to monitor and regulate encryption and what ethical questions does it raise?
PKC is the enabling technology for all Internet security and the increasing use of digital signatures, which are replacing traditional signatures in many contexts. However, RSA is better than PKC because RSA doesn’t need digital signature. As a result, the RSA algorithm turned out to be a perfect fit for the implementation of a practical public security system. In 1977, Martin Gardner first introduced the RSA system. After 5 years, company RSA used secure electronic security products. Nowadays many credit companies of all over the world use the RSA system or a similar system based on the RSA system.
Edward Snowden is America’s most recent controversial figure. People can’t decide if he is their hero or traitor. Nevertheless, his leaks on the U.S. government surveillance program, PRISM, demand an explanation. Many American citizens have been enraged by the thought of the government tracing their telecommunication systems. According to factbrowser.com 54% of internet users would rather have more online privacy, even at the risk of security (Facts Tagged with Privacy). They say it is an infringement on their privacy rights of the constitution. However, some of them don’t mind; they believe it will help thwart the acts of terrorists. Both sides make a good point, but the inevitable future is one where the government is adapting as technology is changing. In order for us to continue living in the new digital decade, we must accept the government’s ability to surveil us.
This Essay is meant to shed light on a complex subject, quantum entanglement. Now, quantum entanglement is a part of much more complex subjects, such as classical mechanics, quantum theory, and quantum mechanics; these subjects will not be covered. The idea of quantum entanglement will be explained: What it is and when does it happen. After a little understanding of Entanglement, a discussion will follow on what it means for us from a technological standpoint and what can we accomplish in the near future. Pushing that idea further into the future looking at bigger possibilities in transportation, and what potential liabilities and moral dilemmas could ensue. It is my belief that quantum entanglement could accomplish many great things, but could
In July 2015, many of the world’s high ranking cryptographers published that the loss and destruction induced by adopting a key escrow system 20 years ago would be even more serious, that would be very hard to identify security weaknesses that could be misused by
The attacks on American soil that solemn day of September 11, 2001, ignited a quarrel that the grade of singular privacy, need not be given away in the hunt of grander security. The security measures in place were planned to protect our democracy and its liberties yet, they are merely eroding the very existence with the start of a socialistic paradigm. Benjamin Franklin (1759), warned more than two centuries ago: “they that can give up essential liberty to purchase a little temporary safety deserve neither liberty nor safety.” Implementing security measures comes at a cost both economically and socially. Government bureaucrats can and will utilize information for personal political objectives. The Supreme Court is the final arbitrator of what the ‘law is”, causing a lack of circulated rule. The actual leaders with political purposes jeopardize our individual privacy rights, liberties, and freedoms.
Ever since day one, people have been developing and creating all sorts of new methods and machines to help better everyday life in one way or another. Who can forget the invention of the ever-wondrous telephone? And we can’t forget how innovative and life-changing computers have been. However, while all machines have their positive uses, there can also be many negatives depending on how one uses said machines, wiretapping in on phone conversations, using spyware to quietly survey every keystroke and click one makes, and many other methods of unwanted snooping have arisen. As a result, laws have been made to make sure these negative uses are not taken advantage of by anyone.
My knowledge has grown over the past six years, outwith the areas of learning offered by school courses, and I see this course as an opportunity to gain new skills and broaden my knowledge further. My main interests are varied, including communications and the internet, system analysis and design, software development, processors and low level machine studies. I have recently developed an interest in data encryption, hence my active participation in the RSA RC64 Secret-Key challenge, the latest international de-encryption contest from the RSA laboratories of America.
The computer is considered one of the most important technological advances of the twentieth century. Security and privacy issues have been in existence long before the computer became a vital component of organizations' operations. Nevertheless, the operating features of a computer make it a double-edged sword. Computer technologies with reliable error detection and recording capabilities, permit the invasion of a supposedly secure environment to occur on a grand scale and go undetected. Furthermore, computer and communications technology permit the invasion of a persons' privacy and likewise go undetected. Two forces threaten privacy: one, the growth of information technology with its enhanced capacity for surveillance, communication, computation, storage and retrieval and two, the more insidious threat, the increased value of information in decision making. Information has become more vital in the competitive environment, thus, decision makers covet it even if it viol!
Every year, cybercrime costs businesses $400 billion and by 2019, cybercrime will have cost the global economy 2.1 trillion dollars (Morgan 1). But, economic loss isn’t the only problem caused by weak cybersecurity; weak cybersecurity measures could allow hackers to collect data on citizens, cause widespread death, and destroy entire nations. Despite the massive threat the problem poses, no one has yet to institute an effective solution. Although government regulation and website blocking attempt to eliminate cybercrime and cyberwarfare, an ideal solution exists in government guidance and collaboration with the private sector.
Morelli, R., (April 25, 2010), Edgar Allan Poe and Cryptography, Cryptography, Retrieved March 6, 2014, from http://www.cs.trincoll.edu/~crypto/historical/poe.html
For thousands of years, cryptography and encryption have been used to secure communication. Military communication has been the leader in the use of cryptography and the advancements. From the start of the internet, there has been a greater need for the use of cryptography. The computer had been invented in the late 1960s but there was not a widespread market for the use of computers really until the late 1980s, where the World Wide Web was invented in 1989. This new method of communication has called for a large need for information security.
Quantum theory, which has been discovered for more than 100 years, changed the game rule. It seems to be a disaster and also a godsend. In this article, I would like to introduce this rarely-known game changer which changed the classical to the modern, analog to digital, and certainty to uncertainty. Few people notice that quantum appear in everywhere, not only about science, but also highly related to technology, contributing our modern world. Let's have a look into the amazing quantum world.
The world is in another cold war, except this time countries are battling for cyber supremacy. Cyberspace is a massive land of ever-changing technology and personal interaction (McGuffin and Mitchell 1). Cyberspace is not only a place where people post pictures and update their profile, but it also plays an enormous role in running a country. Advanced countries use computers to guide their military, keep track of citizens, run their power grids, and hold plans for nuclear devices and nuclear power. Risks to commercial and government concerns are now being noticed and many countries are taking actions to prevent such threats (McGuffin and Mitchell 1).
My strong curiosity towards the field of Cybersecurity dates back to my pre-university days when I started reading sci-fi novels. Digital Fortress, a techno-thriller novel written by Dan Brown, explored the theme of government surveillance, security and civil liberties. This theme is brought out in the book by portraying cryptographic techniques, security policies and implications of these policies. This gravitated me towards the field of security. With little programming experience, I was eager to begin my nascent adventure in the field of Cybersecurity. Although I’ve gained exposure in the field of security during the course of my Bachelor’s degree, I believe pursuing a master’s degree in Cybersecurity will allow me to explore the field of security in greater depth and utilize it effectively to address more real-world challenges.