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Societal gender norms
Women cultural expectations
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Many cultures are very different from one another they often times have different traditions or way of living. In the novel Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe he writes about a society during precolonial times in Nigeria, the Ibo. Ibo society has many gender expectations as we follow Okonkwo, the main character, it becomes very evident that both male and female gender expectations play a huge role in their life. In Things Fall Apart gender expectations build burdens such as men held to high standards, women required to be submissive, and men expected to be masculine.
Firstly, in Ibo society men are held to high standards. The main character, Okonkwo, son of Unoka is not pleased with his father's lack of responsibility, laziness, and failure
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Achebe describes a scene where Okonkwo reveals how he feels about a young boy he is taking care of but will not express it openly. The novel states, “Even Okonkwo himself became very fond of the boy- inwardly of course. Okonkwo never showed any emotion openly, unless it be the emotion of anger. To show affection was a sign of weakness,-the only thing worth demonstrating was strength” (Achebe 28). This represents how Okonkwo really feels about the boy but because he is a man he can't express his emotions because he needs to keep his strong image. He does not want other men to think he is not masculine. Another example is found where Achebe describes the killing of the young boy Okonkwo was taking care of which reveals how Okonkwo maintains his image. The novel states, “As the man who had cleared his throat drew up and raised his machete, Okonkwo looked away… he heard Ikemefuna cry my father, they have killed me! as he ran towards him dazed with fear, Okonkwo drew his machete and cut him down. He was afraid of being thought weak ” (Achebe 61). This shows how although Okonkwo was hurt by killing him he had to do it so he would not ruin his image of a masculine man. He did not want the other men to think that he was weak, that would be the worse things that could happen to him as a
Throughout the novel, Oknonkwo does many things to prove his masculine quality. Many of these things are debatable as to whether they affirm Okonkwo's masculinity or if they bring out his true weakness and lead to his destruction. (Goldman 2)
Okonkwo is a man of action, he would rather settle things with his strength rather than talk it out with the person he is mad at. This is very unsympathetic because not only is he going to use violence towards others, he is doing it just because he can not get his point across with using his words. This quote shows that he does not care towards others emotions because he would rather just fight them than talk it out. Another quote that shows Okonkwo’s unsympathetic behavior is,“He rules the household with a heavy hand” (Achebe 13). Okonkwo is shown to be someone who disciplines where he sees fit, if he does not like what is going on then there might be a high chance that the heavy hand is going to come down onto you. It shows how unsympathetic Okonkwo is because it shows how he might not care about his family’s feelings towards getting hit when they disobey him. His wives are more often beaten, especially Ekwefi, who has been beaten almost to death because Okonkwo was in a bad mood. It shows that he lets his emotions get the best of him and he does not control them very well, he would rather let it all out violently than talking it out with the people that he is mad at. Those quotes show how Okonkwo can be seen as a very unsympathetic person from his
In the novel Things Fall Apart by Achebe, Okonkwo is a man who is strict about his masculinity and masculine tradition. His consistency is impressive but his struggles makes his fight unyielding. Okonkwo’s masculinity is significant for him not be like his father, throughout his life he works hard to not be like Unoka. Okonkwo is a stubborn man and he constantly fights to be masculine and does not like much get in his way. This all sums up to his consequences of being a strict masculine man. In Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe, the way Okonkwo views masculinity through the novel is a consisted fight and he goes through a journey of sticking to only masculinity but has a downfall because of it.
(204) This is a graphic illustration of Okonkwo?s desperate last attempt to reassert his manhood and to make a statement to the tribe. Regrettably for Okonkwo though it was a failure, and Okonkwo knew that the tribe would never stand up and fight, like he wanted them to. This incident is directly related to Okonkwo?s obsession with not looking weak like his father. Some people might say that Okonkwo was just trying to protect the tradition and culture of his tribal village, but in actuality this is far from the truth.
Since the beginning of time, gender has played a big role in how one acts and how one is looked upon in society. From a young age children are taught to be either feminine or masculine. Why is it that gender plays a big role in the characteristics that one beholds? For centuries in many countries it has been installed in individual’s heads that they have to live by certain stereotypes. Women have been taught to be feeble to men and depend on them for social and economical happiness. While men have been taught to be mucho characters that have take care of their homes and be the superior individual to a woman. For the individuals who dare to be different and choose to form their own identity whether man or woman, they are out casted and secluded from their community. These stereotypes that people have been taught to live upon have been a huge burden on women because they are the ones who have been taught to be the inferior individual. Women have struggled to obtain their own identities and become independent, but as time has evolved women have developed and are able to be independent. Surprisingly it is being accepted.
“No matter how prosperous a man was, if he was unable to rule his women and his children (and especially his women) he was not really a man.” (53) This quote demonstrates one of the traits of masculinity that Okonkwo values, which is the ability to control his family. Okonkwo is the man of the household. He provides them food from his crops and a roof over their heads, and by his beliefs of masculinity he therefore holds all the power in his family. He wants to maintain the role of the man or authority figure of the household and whenever any of his wives try to talk back to him or argue, he would beat them. There was an example of this control in the novel with Okonkwo’s wives, Ekwefi and Ojiugo. Ekwefi was Okonkwo’s second wife, and in the novel, he beaten her in a fit of anger because he thought she had killed a banana tree.
The protagonists of this novel, Okonkwo, is an especially masculine leader in the Indu tribe in Nigeria. The novel starts off with some background information that Okonkwo was forced into independence at a very young age, mentally isolating him from other children and his family. Okonkwo reflects, "I began to fend for myself at an age when most people still suck at their mothers’ breasts." (Achebe, 9). Immediately this statement causes great sympathy for Okonkwo because of his parents terrible nurturing skills, as well as the lack of childhood that Okonkwo got to experience. Not only does it cause sympathetic feelings, but it also allows the reader to see Okonkwo's heroic qualities that he acquired at such a young age. Similarly to Winterson, Okonkwo put in effort to remove himself from the isolation that his family forced him into as well as making the reader feel compassionate towards
Okonkwo is “a man of action, a man of war” (7) and a member of high status in the Igbo village. He holds the prominent position of village clansman due to the fact that he had “shown incredible prowess in two intertribal wars” (5). Okonkwo’s hard work had made him a “wealthy farmer” (5) and a recognized individual amongst the nine villages of Umuofia and beyond. Okonkwo’s tragic flaw isn’t that he was afraid of work, but rather his fear of weakness and failure which stems from his father’s, Unoka, unproductive life and disgraceful death. “Perhaps down in his heart Okonkwo was not a cruel man. But his whole life was dominated by fear, the fear of failure and weakness….It was not external but lay deep within himself. It was the fear of himself, lest he should be found to resemble his father.” Okonkwo’s father was a lazy, carefree man whom had a reputation of being “poor and his wife and children had just barely enough to eat... they swore never to lend him any more money because he never paid back.” (5) Unoka had never taught Okonkwo what was right and wrong, and as a result Okonkwo had to interpret how to be a “good man”. Okonkwo’s self-interpretation leads him to conclude that a “good man” was someone who was the exact opposite of his father and therefore anything that his father did was weak and unnecessary.
From birth Okonkwo had wanted his son, Nwoye, to be a great warrior like him. His son instead rebelled and wanted to be nothing like Okonkwo. Okonkwo would not change so that his son would idolize him, as he had wanted since his son's birth. He chose not to acknowledge his son's existence instead. This would weigh heavily on anyone's conscience, yet Okonkwo does not let his relationship with his son affect him in the least bit.
“.If Ezinma had been a boy, I would have been happier. She has the right spirit”(Achebe, 66); Okonkwo kept saying that he wished Ezinma was a “boy” and that she “has the right spirit”, which shows that he likes her but will not show these emotions, this and many other choices Okonkwo makes are due cultural influences. Despite kind feelings, cultural influences betrayed him in the end. “Dazed with fear, Okonkwo drew his machete and cut him down. He was afraid of being weak”(Achebe, 61); Okonkwo is almost always afraid of being considered weak....
Okonkwo’s firm belief regarding how men must behave overemphasizing masculinity and does not allow for self-reflection or change for Okonkwo. It is the fear of looking weak ,or feminine that hastens his own destruction after his return to Umuofia. Okonkwo, upset by the changes by the white people but also “he mourned for the warlike men of Umuofia who had so unaccountably become soft like women” (183). The idea of extreme masculinity reveals how much his village and clan have change. He believes that as soon as the men stop acting masculine, they are failures and the clan collapses.
Okonkwo associates many of his tribal influences with masculinity. Right away in the book, Achebe affiliates strength with manliness. “As a young man of eighteen he had brought honor to his village by throwing Amalizine the Cat” (3). He is honored because he had enough strength and agility to overthrow the cat. Okonkwo feels to be successful and manly, one also must show no emotion. He thinks emotion is for the weak and for woman, and he does not want to be either of those. “Okonkwo never showed any emotion openly, unless it be the emotion of anger. To show affection was a sign of weakness,-the only thing worth demonstrating was strength” (28). Okonkwo treats Ikemefuna with this idea. He becomes very fond of the child, but never outwardly shows his affection. If he showed his affection he was afraid he would be looked down upon in his tribe. Although his father enjoyed little things like music and dancing, Okonkwo had no desire to share his father’s enjoyment. He desired power and wealth. He wants to construct and maintain a big house for his many wives and even more children. “Okonkwo was clearly cut out for great things. He was still young but he had won fame as the greatest wrestler in the nine villages. He was a wealthy farmer and had two barns full of ...
The theme of masculinity in this novel is made very evident by Okonkwo’s character description and actions. Okonkwo is fixated with proving his masculinity and gaining recognition within the clan. This character fault leads to despair for him and his family. Nwoye, Okonkwo’s first son, doesn’t fulfill his father’s masculine standards whether it’s working out in the fields or enjoying listening to his mother’s creation stories. Okonkwo attempts to correct Nwoye’s “incipient laziness” by “constant nagging and beating” him (Achebe 10). This act of violence from Okonkwo is a way of Achebe showing the characters masculinity and power over his family. Achebe stated, “No matter how prosperous a man was, if he was unable to rule his women and his children (and especially his women) he was not really a man” (Achebe 32-33). The author is trying to get the point across that masculinity means everything to this society. In that scene, Okonkwo is trying to push Nwoye to become more like him and less like his mother. The characters that...
He was afraid of being thought weak.” Okonkwo suffers greatly for what he did though his change in mood. The boy he killed was a boy that lived with him and had become part of his family, but out of fear of being thought of as weak he killed a boy who he now thought of as his son. This took a toll on him mentally and increased his spiral downward. He didn’t eat at first and he was more irritable.
Okonkwo sees his father’s gentleness as a feminine trait. He works hard to be as masculine as possible so that he will be the opposite of his father and overcome the shame his father brought to his family. Okonkwo deals with this struggle throughout the entire book, hiding the intense fear of weakness behind a masculine façade (Nnoromele 149). In order to appear masculine, he is often violent. In his desire to be judged by his own worth and not by the worth of his effeminate father, Okonkwo participates in the killing of a boy he sees as a son, even though his friends and other respected tribe members advise him against it. (Hoegberg 71). Even after the killing of Ikamefuna, Okonkwo hides his feelings of sadness because the emotions are feminine to him. He goes so far as to ask himself, “when did you become a shivering old woman” (Achebe 65), while he is inwardly grieving. The dramatic irony of the secret fears that Okonkwo has will open the reader’s eyes to how important gender identity is to him. This theme is also presented among Okonkwo’s children. He sees his oldest son, Nwoye, as feminine because he does not like to work as hard as his father (Stratton 29). When Nwoye eventually joins the Christian church, Okonkwo sees him as even more feminine. On the other hand, Okonkwo’s