The emerging globalized world brings with it new global threats. Various forms of advancement have made the threat of terrorism a global threat. As a result, leaders of democratic states have been forced to work together to contain such threats. This paper examines the extent to which the Indonesian leadership transition from 2004 to 2009 affected security policy relations with Singapore. First, this paper takes a brief look at the new leadership transition of Indonesia and Singapore in 2004. Second, this paper examines whether the new leadership was able to strengthened regional security through the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN).
New Leadership in Southeast Asia
The year 2004 was of significant change not only for Indonesia, but also for Singapore. Both, Indonesia and Singapore, went trough a leadership change in 2004, which allowed them to realign their relationship and interest in the region. On August 12, Lee Hsien Loong was sworn in as Singapore’s third prime minister since independence. Lee Hsien Loong preceded Goh Chok Tong’s 14-year leadership. Lee had long been expected to have some sort of leadership because his father, Lee Kuan Yew, was Singapore’s first prime minister. More notably on October 20, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, was sworn in as Indonesia’s sixth president since independence. Mr. Yudhoyono was the fourth president in six years, but was the first directly elected president since the fall of President Suharto in 1998.
The leadership transition of 2004 is crucial to understanding foreign relations between Indonesia and SIngapore because it laid the platform from which they could renew, strengthen, and expand their regional ideals. In the aftermath of the 1997 Asian financial crisis, Singapo...
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Social change and charity have two different effects on the community in chapter one of Leadership for a Better World by Susan R. Komives. Chapter one discusses the differentiation in the ideas when one is more practical in a culture. Social change is defined as affecting the root of the social problem (Komives 11). An example of social change is the Civil Rights Movement, where Martin Luther King Jr. led groups of people to end segregation. King wasn’t just trying to help the problem of having sit in the back of the bus or drinking from different water fountains, his objective was to generate an equal society where racial segregation didn’t exist. Charity classification as donating food, money, and other kinds of goods is given to a community. An illustration of this is the local soup kitchen, where they provide food for the
The Tangled Relationship. New York: Foreign Policy Association, 1971. Flaherty, Tom. A. “What We Learned from the Bay of Pigs.” Reader’s Digest July 1963: 92-94.
Host: On September the 11th 2001, the notorious terror organisation known as Al-Qaeda struck at the very heart of the United States. The death count was approximately 3,000; a nation was left in panic. To this day, counterterrorism experts and historians alike regard the event surrounding 9/11 as a turning point in US foreign relations. Outraged and fearful of radical terrorism from the middle-east, President Bush declared that in 2001 that it was a matter of freedoms; that “our very freedom has come under attack”. In his eyes, America was simply targeted because of its democratic and western values (CNN News, 2001). In the 14 years following this pivotal declaration, an aggressive, pre-emptive approach to terrorism replaced the traditional
Gardner, Lloyd C. The Long Road to Baghdad: A History of U.S. Foreign Policy from the 1970s to
Most Americans believe that the troop presence in Iraq and Afghanistan is due to the terrorist attacks on the United States. And while it is hard to deny that the 9-11 attacks were the impetus for putting boots on the ground, it is imperative that the chain of events following the horror of September 11 are seen to reflect the willingness and wants of actors in control before the towers fell. In no field other than politics does the justification for action often come from a noteworthy event and the true cause stays hidden behind the headlines.... ... middle of paper ... ...
“Leadership is an influence relationship among leaders and followers who intend real changes that reflect their mutual purposes” (Rost, 1931). But in today’s time, the styles of leadership are changed every time a new technology is invented or discovered so there is lack of persistency. The only thing which manages to stay constant is the principles of carrying out business activities. There are philosophies and ideologies on leadership which can be used in any time period as they are mostly a reflection of the principles of leadership. Theorists and authors like Hobbes (1679), Lewin (1947) and Aristotle (384–322 B.C.), in their time have produced enough material which can be put into use by modern day leaders and managers. Philosophers like Aristotle, who was known to be one of the most business-oriented and practical philosopher of his time, his work is still used by businesses today because of their relevance as he is interested in defining principles in terms of the ethics of leadership (Santa Clara University). In the essay I have tried to show how leadership has adapted to the changes around them and compared to the past and what circumstances caused need to change it. As a layman, anyone would think that the principles centuries ago will be very different to what we follow now but after studying on Hobbes, Lewin and Aristotle it has made a big impact on my way of thinking because the work produced by them still has more relevance compared to some of the work produced now. I have tried to explain the evolvement of leadership through three aspects which are psychology, sociology and philosophy.
...ng was able to bring democracy and set a path for the country to successful as it progresses.
Ingvar Feodor Kamprad, as we know him the owner the giant home furnishing retail chain IKEA was born in march 30, 1926 on a farm which called near a small village of Agunnaryd, Smaland Sweden. In his teen ages he used to peddled matches, fish, pens, Christmas cards and other items by bicycle as a teenager. He bought matches in bulk from Stockholm and sold them in his town with reasonable prices but he still could make good money.
Singapore as a country has had various transformations throughout its history, however the period 1950 and 1970 was quite critical. Much of these changes had a lot to do with the development of trade and manufacturing. This is without forgetting the financial sector where the intention was to come up with a financial hub that could be used in economic development. Looking at the case of Singapore, we would say that it is a productive economy with a very high market competition. This observation has been further clarified by the Swiss International Institute for Management Development, going with their report that they released in the year 2001 (Chellaraj & Mattoo, 2009). In this study, we intend to evaluate the case of political economy of development in Singapore and examine the tensions between the state and various economic institutions. In additions to examining this institution, we would also like to examine how these variables have contributed towards the attainment of favorable growth rates and economic prosperity.
Southeast Asia has been controlled by Imperialistic powers since 1400s. These nations become prized for the various countries natural resources, strategic location, and the new markets to be found. The geographical locations become one of the most important factors that lead to the development of each country separately. As we reach the 19th and 20th century, European, American and Asian imperialism still has its claws deep in Southeast Asia. Imperialists are the ones who decide and shape the nation’s leading them down the path to where they are now. Their location to other Southeast nations becomes another reason of interest, which eventually lends a hand in forming a nation.
Lastly, but most importantly, understanding the culture and its background provides a valuable insight and an ‘umbrella theme’ of a country. According to Geert Hofstede’s Cultural dimensions, Malaysia has one of the highest power distance index in the world, with one of the lowest uncertainty avoidance index. It is highly related to the beliefs of Islam and this creates a society where leaders have virtually ultimate power and authority, and the rules, laws, and regulations developed by those in power, reinforce their own leadership and control. It is not unusual for new leadership to arise from armed insurrection – the ultimate power, rather than from diplomatic or democratic change .
Heydon Ken The rise of bilateralism: implications for ASEAN, and beyond [Online] // East Asia Forum. - feb 1, 2010. - Mar 28, 2011. - http://www.eastasiaforum.org/2010/02/01/the-rise-of-bilateralism-implications-for-asean-and-beyond/.
The relationship and cooperation in handling the issue in Southern Thailand between Malaysia and Thailand government since a long time ago, has become disappointed, frustration and unsatisfied. This is might be best description that has been looked up since the working relations between past Thai governments and their Malaysian counterparts was comes to Southern Thailand (Thanet, 2013). For the Thailand government, cooperation with the Malaysian authorities is really needed while in dealing with the separatist insurgents that often to the slip across the porous border from Thailand. Meanwhile, for the Malaysian side, through the sharing of same ethnicity and Islamic religion in the Southern Thai Muslims, was means that their politicians ought to have a key role to play in understanding and resolving insurgency issues in Southern Thailand. Therefore, it might can be seem in logically think that, without the help by the Malaysian government, the issues that regards to Muslim separatist moments in the Deep South would be difficul...
Far across the Pacific Ocean and the familiarities of the West is a region wildly different from conventions akin to liberal democracies; the region of the Asian South-Pacific encompasses the area from China to the south, and India to the east. While each country included may have similarities beyond geographic location, it is important to distinguish between each as they are, due to state sovereignty and the prevailing issue of nationalism. Main superpowers in the area are, aside from India: China and Japan. The major superpowers of the region have, of course, directly influenced the ways in which smaller countries conduct themselves domestically – through ideology and economic strength, for example – and in foreign politics within the region and abroad. While China’s recorded history is millennia older than that of the continental United States, one could argue that, due to political instability, globalization, and the development of technology, China’s own government and politics have been diluted into a pseudo-democratic, nationalistic state. Since the 1990’s, the leadership of China has strongly been influenced by nationalism; therefore, when dealing with issues surrounding the country, it is essential to examine the essence of nationalism within China, and why a country focuses on strengthening nationalism as a way to secure stability within. Furthermore, it would be beneficial to examine the relationship between China and others in the regional – especially where tensions often rise and disputes occur. In studying the essence of nationalism within the Southeast Asia (SEA) region, one of the best examples of national identity creating clashes between states, in the modern era, would be the disputes over the Senkaku/Diaoy...
Countries have evolved and transformed in their own pace and ways over time, even more so now with the advance in technology. However powerful, rich or poor a country is, weather they be developed or developing there are certain similar predicaments that persists. One such predicament for the government and the people is unemployment. Papua New Guinea has its own fair share of this problem. Jobs are scarce in Papua New Guinea Kuimbakul (2011) elucidate that of the 50,000 school leavers each year there are only 10,000 new jobs, which means around 40,000 educated young people cannot find paid jobs which then results in other social problems. If you graduate and do not get a job or if you are currently job less, is that it for you? Will you just keep seeking for employment and hope for some vacancies to appear? In this essay I will argue for the idea of ‘self-employment’ in the context of Papua New Guinea.