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Cellular respiration and photosynthesis
Light affects photosynthesis
Light affects photosynthesis
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Mr. Euglena is trapped in a crowded area and must be able to travel to a less crowded area to live. The biological processes of photosynthesis and aerobic respiration allow him to do this. Because of these two processes, energy is given to the kinetosome, which then allows the flagellum of Mr. Euglena to move him to a less crowded area.
Mr. Euglena is aware that he must move to less crowded area in order to live. However, he waits patiently for the sun to gradually move higher in the sky. He believes that if he waits for enough sunlight, the process of photosynthesis will occur in his chloroplasts to make molecules of glucose. This is the beginning of the process of photosynthesis, which is the production of glucose in the chloroplasts of cells.
In his situation, Mr. Euglena waits for the sun to get higher in the sky because he needs enough sun light to convert into energy in photosynthesis. The light reaction is the first stage of photosynthesis which requires light. With the sunlight, four pigments in his chloroplasts absorb the sunlight. These four pigments are carotenes, xanthophylls I and II, and chlorophyll b. These pigments will then convert the sunlight to chemical energy, which then transfers to chlorophyll a. Chlorophyll a then splits six water molecules (6 H2O) into twelve hydrogen atoms (12 H) and three oxygen molecules (3 O2). The coenzyme NADP then holds the product of twelve hydrogen atoms (12 H) as 6 NADPH2 to carry to the next process. The three oxygen molecules (3 O2) are then released into the air as a byproduct. The light reaction must happen a second time in order for the second phase of photosynthesis, the dark reaction, to occur. The same cycle of the light reaction then takes place. The result of two lig...
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...or the dark reaction and the brake for aerobic respiration. This allows for many ATPs to be produced, allowing the kinetosomes to anchor the flagellum of Mr. Euglena through the cell membrane. This anchor enables the flagellum to function, which will move Mr. Euglena to a less crowded area in order to live.
In short, Mr. Euglena will survive the tough situation of a crowded area by waiting for the sun to rise higher in the sky. By waiting, his chloroplasts will absorb sunlight allowing photosynthesis to occur. When photosynthesis produces a glucose molecule, the glucose molecule is transferred to the cristae for the process of aerobic respiration. Aerobic respiration then makes ATPs which will release energy to the kinetosome. This energy will enable the kinetosome to anchor the flagellum so that it may function to move Mr. Euglena to a less crowded area to live.
In the light independent stage of photosynthesis ATP is again used to break down a molecule. In the Calvin cycle after glycerate 3-phosphate is reduced, then ATP breaks down and loses a phosphate group (becoming ADP). The phosphate group is then gained by the glycerate 3-phosphate molecule and it becomes triose phosphate. ATP is then used furthermore in product synthesis (anabolism) this is where energy is required to convert the triose phosphate into more complex molecules such as amino acids or lipids.
And different temperature cause different speed of growth. Shown by results, when euglenas in fridge and incubator, the speed of growth was obvious slower than when euglenas in room temperature. Therefore, extreme temperature is not good with the growth of euglenas. Low incubation temperatures favor growth in Euglena whereas high incubation temperatures favor cell division. Maximal growth rate occurs at 25 °–30 °C and maximal accumulation of cellular material occurs at 13.3 °–17 °C. The dry weight of Euglena at 25 °–28.5 °C is less than half of what it is at 13.3–17 °C. (Buetow, 1962) synthesize the experiment and theory, it is suited for euglena to live in room temperature which at 25-30
Photosynthesis consists of the following equation: Sun light Carbon dioxide + Water = = == == ==> Glucose + Oxygen Chlorophyll Chlorophyll is a substance found in chloroplasts, found in the cells of leaves.
In contrast, eukaryotic organisms typically include (but are not limited to) membrane-bound organelles such as the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (E.R.), golgi body, lysosome and peroxisome. The main defining difference between a eukaryote and prokaryote is that the latter does not contain a nucleus or any such organelles. Such a definition, however, can be argued to be a poor discriminator between organisms of Eukarya and Prokarya, because it describes only what prokaryotes are lacking, not what they fundamentally are. This essay aims to detail a more comprehensive definition of why these two kingdoms are so different from each other. A key example of this thinking is that, while prokaryotes are often singly responsible for metabolic processes, reproduction and cell repair, eukaryotes are often highly specialised in order to perform certain functions and rely upon other cells to fulfil different functions. For exa...
The process of photosynthesis is present in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and is the process in which cells transform energy in the form of light from the sun into chemical energy in the form of organic compounds and gaseous oxygen (See Equation Below). In photosynthesis, water is oxidized to gaseous oxygen and carbon dioxide is reduced to glucose. Furthermore, photosynthesis is an anabolic process, or in other words is a metabolism that is associated with the construction of large molecules such as glucose. The process of photosynthesis occurs in two steps: light reactions and the Calvin cycle. The light reactions of photosynthesis take place in the thylakoid membrane and use the energy from the sun to produce ATP and NADPH2. The Calvin cycle takes place in the stroma of the chloroplast and consumes ATP and NADPH2 to reduce carbon dioxide to a sugar.
= = = [IMAGE][IMAGE]6CO2 + 6h20 light energy and chlorophyll C6H1206 + 6O2 Carbon dioxide + water converted into glucose and oxygen. Theory of photosynthesis Photosynthesis is a chemical reaction, which uses the energy from sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water to oxygen.
[IMAGE]Carbon dioxide + water Light Energy glucose + oxygen Chlorophyll [IMAGE]6CO2 + 6H20 Light Energy C6 H12 O6 + 6O 2 Chlorophyll Photosynthesis occurs in the leaves of the plant in the palisade layer. Chlorophyll in the cells in the palisade layer absorb light for photosynthesis. The plant releases the oxygen created in photosynthesis back into the air but it uses or stores the glucose for energy, respiration, growth and repair. The leaves and plants are also specially adapted for photosynthesis in their structure and cell alignment. Preliminary Experiment Apparatus * Piece of Elodea Canadensis * Bulb * Voltmeter * Test tube * Beaker * Box *
“Photosynthesis (literally, “synthesis from light”) is a metabolic process by which the energy of sunlight is captured and used to convert carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) into carbohydrates (which is represented as a six-carbon sugar, C6H12O6) and oxygen gas (O2)” (BioPortal, n.d., p. 190).
The cytoskeleton is a highly dynamic intracellular platform constituted by a three-dimensional network of proteins responsible for key cellular roles as structure and shape, cell growth and development, and offering to the cell with "motility" that being the ability of the entire cell to move and for material to be moved within the cell in a regulated fashion (vesicle trafficking)’, (intechopen 2017). The cytoskeleton is made of microtubules, filaments, and fibres - they give the cytoplasm physical support. Michael Kent, (2000) describes the cytoskeleton as the ‘internal framework’, this is because it shapes the cell and provides support to cellular extensions – such as microvilli. In some cells it is used in intracellular transport. Since the shape of the cell is constantly changing, the microtubules will also change, they will readjust and reassemble to fit the needs of the cell.
They are the same reactions, but occur in reverse. In photosynthesis, carbon dioxide and water yield glucose and oxygen respiration, process glucose and oxygen yield carbon dioxide and water, catabolic pathway process which requires or contains molecular oxygen for the production of adenosine triphosphate. This three step aerobic respiration cycle occurs in the cytoplasm and in the organelles called mitochondria. Within this process, cells break down oxygen and glucose in a storable form called adenosine triphosphate or ATP. This cellular respiration or sometimes called an exothermic reaction is similar to a combustion type reaction whereby the cell releases energy in the form heat but at a much slower rate within a living cell.
Photosynthesis is a process in plants that converts light energy into chemical energy, which is stored in bonds of sugar. The process occurs in the chloroplasts, using chlorophyll. Photosynthesis takes place in green leaves. Glucose is made from the raw materials, carbon dioxide, water, light energy and oxygen is given off as a waste product. In these light-dependent reactions, energy is used to split electrons from suitable substances such as water, producing oxygen. In plants, sugars are produced by a later sequence of light-independent reactions called th...
Photosynthesis is a process in which plants and other organisms convert the light energy from the sun or any other source into chemical energy that can be released to fuel an organism’s activities. During this reaction, carbon dioxide and water are converted into glucose and oxygen. This process takes place in leaf cells which contain chloroplasts and the reaction requires light energy from the sun, which is absorbed by a green substance called chlorophyll. The plants absorb the water through their roots from the earth and carbon dioxide through their leaves.
Photosynthesis is a key contributor to all living things; photosynthesis provides the oxygen, food, and nutrients that help all living things stay healthy and alive. Photosynthesis converts solar energy into the chemical energy of a carbohydrate. Photosynthetic organisms, including land plants, algae, and cyanobacteria, which are called autotroph...
An Experiment to Investigate the Effect of Light Intensity on the Rate of Photosynthesis. Introduction Photosynthetics take place in the chloroplasts of green plant cells. It can produce simple sugars using carbon dioxide and water causing the release of sugar and oxygen. The chemical equation of photosynthesis is: [ IMAGE ] 6CO 2 + 6H20 C 6 H12 O 6 + 6O2 It has been proven many times that plants need light to be able to photosynthesize, so you can say that without light the plant would neither photosynthesize nor survive.
Photosynthesis is the process in which living cells from plants and other organisms use sunlight to produce nutrients from carbon dioxide and water, the image below “Diagram of photosynthesis 1,” helps show this process. Photosynthesise generally creates oxygen as a by-product through the use of the green pigment, chlorophyll, found in the plant that helps this reaction occur. “Photosynthesis provides us with most of the oxygen we need in order to breathe. We, in turn, exhale the carbon dioxide needed by plants,” (factmonster,2017). This is able to show us why photosynthesis is so greatly needed to occur through plants in order to give one another essentials needed for continuity of life. “Plants perform photosynthesis because it generates the food and energy they need for growth and cellular respiration,” (photosynthesieeducation, 2016).