Circumcision methods and anesthesia In 2006, 56 percent of infants were circumcised (Bollinger, 2009). The first recording of circumcision was in Genesis 17 in the bible. Circumcision began as a religious practice. It was God’s peoples covenant to God. The foreskin was portrayed as sinful, cutting the foreskin is seen a purifying a male. The foreskin and prepuce is the location of sexual pleasure. Human sexuality was, and still is to some religions, seen as dirty or impure. Hence, removal of the prepuce and foreskin is the sacrifice of sinful human enjoyment. Therefore, circumcision began as a very religious procedure. (CIRP, 2011) However, in 2009, 32.5 percent of males in America were circumcised (Bollinger, 2009). Pain is one of the biggest concerns with circumcisions. Mothers don’t want to put their little baby boy …show more content…
"A women's health issue: female genital mutilation (FGM) in Australia." Australian Nursing & Midwifery Journal, Sept. 2017, p. 35. Nursing and Allied Health Collection, http://link.galegroup.com.bakerezproxy.palnet.info/apps/doc/A509162559/PPNU?u=lom_falconbaker&sid=PPNU&xid=b0252200. Accessed 7 Mar. 2018. Franz, J. F. (2018). Circumcision. In J. L. Longe (Ed.), The Gale Encyclopedia of Nursing and Allied Health (4th ed., Vol. 2, pp. 836-838). Farmington Hills, MI: Gale. Retrieved from http://link.galegroup.com.bakerezproxy.palnet.info/apps/doc/CX3662600245/HWRC?u=lom_falconbaker&sid=HWRC&xid=ecbc064a Hancerliogullari, Gulsah, et al. "The use of multi-criteria decision making models in evaluating anesthesia method options in circumcision surgery." BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, vol. 17, no. 1, 2017. Health Reference Center Academic, http://link.galegroup.com.bakerezproxy.palnet.info/apps/doc/A480606068/HRCA?u=lom_falconbaker&sid=HRCA&xid=226d18ab. Accessed 16 Mar. 2018. Savage, D. (2004) Circumcision. Retrieved from
In Althaus’ article, she provides in-depth information about female circumcision; a highly controversial cultural ritual that is practiced in at least 28 countries
Some fear that the removal of the healthy part of an organ is a purely
Descriptions of ritual circumcision span across cultures, and have been described in ancient Egyptian texts as well as the Old Testament. With this being said, “The American Academy of Pediatrics believes that circumcision has potential medical benefits and advantages, as well as risks. Evaluation of current evidence indicates that the health benefits of newborn male circumcision outweigh the risks and that the procedure's benefits justify access to this procedure for families who choose it, however, existing scientific evidence is not sufficient to recommend routine circumcision.” (n.d.).
When parents first discover they are having a baby, there are so many aspects to consider. Who is going to be their doctor, which hospital are they going to deliver at, what are they going to name the baby, and what color should they paint the nursery. Parents that are expecting a male newborn have to decide if they want their baby to be circumcised. For many families, this is an easy decision based on their cultural or religious beliefs. However, for others the right option is not as clear. Over the years, the topic of circumcision has been debated and views have swayed for and against the procedure. Ultimately, the parents must evaluate all the pros and cons and make the decision that aligns best with their thoughts and beliefs. The parent’s decision about the procedure will be influenced by various factors. It is vital that they are educated on the accurate information surrounding the advantages and disadvantages of the circumcision. This paper will evaluate both sides of this controversial issue.
Circumcision is a painful operation that newborns in the United States experience. Anesthetics are not used on these patients since they are at such a young age, as a consequence the infant is awake throughout the procedure. Some infants
The procedure was used as a deterrent that utilized both physical and emotional scarring. Doctors were advised to use no anesthetic so that the pain would act as a mental deterrent. The tradition of no pain prevention carried on well into the nineties, and even today, only 45% of doctors use any form of anesthetic at all. The procedure was also performed on children rather than infants so a lasting memory would be formed scaring the child for life. This pain still leaves a lasting impact children today, with studies showing that men who are circumcised have a 60% harder time expressing their emotions and being more likely to experience problems in their marriage. Not only was this a cruel and unusual medical procedure, it was also used as a form of punishment and abuse. The question is why would America continue to use circumcision even with though it is known to have a dark and twisted history in the world of genital mutilation and child abuse? Especially, when only 30% of the rest of the world continues to practice it. People may never know, but they can choose to
Certainly, in the United States (and much of the Western world), female circumcision is illegal; however, male circumcision is utterly legal. In fact, in 2007, the Center for Disease Control reported that almost eighty percent of men in the United States were circumcised (Morris): legally, zero percent were females. Yet, several nations, where the culture is absolutely polar from the West, have prohibited male circumcision (Evans). The predominant factor, of course. The ideologies of culture make the laws, including morals; thus, these laws represent each region’s civilization, morals, and culture. Again, doctors must conform—this time to the law, not the parent. So, any decision doctors make, regarding circumcision, is due to cultural restrictions and their own
Neonatal circumcision is one of the most often executed surgeries in the United States. (1:130) In my clinical practice thus far, the question whether to circumcise male neonates or not is frequently asked in the postpartum period. Midwives play an important role in providing informed choice discussions for their clients, it is thus our role to present the research evidence available in order to help women make the right choice for them and their families. This paper aims to describe the different incentives of male circumcision and the benefits and risks involved.
Circumcision has been a religious practice in many different cultures, ranging from Africa to the Middle East, and to Asia. While prevalent in both Jewish and Muslim societies, the earliest known documentation of circumcision comes from Egyptian hieroglyphics discovered dating back to 2300 BC. While the reason behind circumcision is currently unknown, many theories exist as to attempt to explain it origins. One theory persists that that circumcision started as a way to release the body from sin, and purifying both the individual and the society, as sexuality was seen as dirty and impure, and the removing of the foreskin would reduce sexual pleasure. In Abrahamic faiths, Jewish and Muslim, circumcision is practiced as a way confirm one 's relationship to God, and is stated in the Torah, as the covenant between God and Abraham, “This is my covenant, which ye shall keep, between me and you and thy seed after thee: every male among you shall be circumcised. " While two of the earliest form of Christianity, Coptic Christian, and Ethiopian Orthodox
WHO, UNICEF and UNFPA (2011), Female Genital Mutilation: A joint statement, World Health Organization, Geneva, pp. 1-5.
Routine infant circumcision (RIC) is a common, normalized procedure on male infants in the United States of America. Many new parents do not question circumcision, they consent to the procedure without doing much research because they believe it is a necessary procedure for cleanliness. The doctors and nurses that care for new parents and infants offer little to no counsel on circumcision, there is no risk vs. benefits explanation offered. Thus, many parents choose circumcision for their male infants without realizing that it actually isn't necessary and can often times be detrimental. It's misconceptions like these that fuel the normilization of circumcision.
Many question whether female circumcision (FGM, genital cutting, etc.) is a form of abuse, is it a humane and morally acceptable practice and how can we fix this horrendous practice? These assumptive thoughts are typically made through the eyes of outsiders, female circumcision is many things and must be looked at through such a lens. Despite, all of this female circumcision is still framed very commonly between these three views, female circumcision is abuse, is a result of patriarchal societies, and is a cultural and religious practice.
Rites of passage, specifically circumcision, are the focus of study for multiple theorists. Circumcision as a ritual of passage encompasses various theories on the function of these ritualistic passages. Arnold Van Gennep, Vincent Crapanzano, and Victor Turner each approach the ritual of circumcisions’ function differently, specifically they question whether the ritual can be considered in stages.
Expecting to completely eliminate abortions from the face of the earth by making them illegal and getting rid of the facilities that provide them is an awfully absurd idea due to the fact that abortions will never cease to exist. Induced abortions have taken place all over the world, and “societies have [been struggling with] the issue of abortion for millennia” (Abortion). Within countries where abortions are essentially illegal, many turn to unsafe abortion methods, usually performed by unskilled practitioners (Chapter 5). These procedures are “often unsanitary… and [result] in the death or mutilation of many women” (Abortion). In areas where these services are not attainable, many women are prompted to seek out specialists to assist them in dangerous and surreptitious methods of abortion such as repeated blows to the stomach and the insertion of bizarre objects in the vagina and cervix. However, abortion-related deaths are usually quite rare in developed countries where the service is both legal and accessible. It is estimated...
Many countries practice circumcision, including Indonesia. The reason encourage this procedure could be medical, cultural, religion, and others. In December 2006, WHO estimated >50% of male population got circumcised In Indonesia where it is usually done in childhood particularly in between age 1-11 years old.1 Previously, the preputial skin is discarded in circumcision. However, nowadays it can be use as a skin graft for example following burns.2