Liberalism And Democracy Essay
analytical Essay
2782 words
Liberalism and democracy are closely tied together in international politics. They have a central bond which brings out the notion of democratic peace. Today much of Latin America and the European Union practices democracy. The chances of these nations getting into an armed conflict are very scarce in today’s standards. Liberalism promotes the idea of human security and equality and democracy reinforces that idea into the political framework of governing bodies and their higher authorities. Liberalism leads to democracy which promotes democratic peace preventing conflict between nations. This article will look at how liberalism leads to democratic peace through the process of creating democracy.
Liberalism in the sense of a political philosophy was created on the ideas of equality and liberty for everyone. Basically liberalism is concerned with the notion of how individuals in political communities are able to maximize their freedom without violating the rights of other individuals. The liberalistic view on politics is that a legitimate government is necessary to protect the rights of individuals from being harmed by others. Liberalism also ensures that there is a higher authority which protects the freedoms and rights of individuals while also ensuring legitimacy of government. Liberalism is the founding base for much of the Western world’s government policies and constitution. Liberalism ensures tolerance and promotes acceptance between humans and their differences.
Furthermore, liberalism then leads to democracy which is a form of government in which all eligible citizens participate equally. This can either be done directly or by elected representatives. Democracy encompasses racial, religious, ethnic, social an...
... middle of paper ...
...a voice and a choice. They have the feeling of being secure and free something which is only achieved through national security. Democracies also share similar beliefs and political ideologies which prevent them from engaging in warfare in the event of an arising conflict. The democratic peace theory states that democratic countries do not engage in interstate wars against each other. This theory has been proven true from time and time again in history. There has never been a case of an independent democratic country raging war on another democratic regime. So definitely when it comes to solving conflict through war regime type does matter since democratic states are 99 percent less likely to engage in a fight with autocracies and 100 prevent less likely to declare war on fellow democracy. Democracy is a preventer of conflict on all levels of human interactions.
In this essay, the author
- Explains how liberalism leads to democracy, which in return creates democratic peace.
- Explains that the primordial nationalist perspective advocates identity as a cover for ideology.
- Explains how liberalism and democracy are closely tied together in international politics. liberalism promotes human security and equality and democratic peace prevents conflict between nations.
- Analyzes how owen defines liberal democracy as a state which promotes liberal ideas among the general public and where citizens have leverage or some sort of control of war decisions.
- Argues that political liberalism is the main factor in eliminating counter balancing. schultz conducted tests on democratic institutions from two different perspectives.
Related
- opinionated
- explanatory
- analytical
- Conservative and Liberal Ideologies in Regard to Health Careopinionated essayLiberalism is an ideology which advocates equality of opportunity for all within the framework of a system of laws. It includes a belief in government as an institution whose primary function is to define and enforce the laws. Furthermore, a Constitution, must be developed not solely by one ruler but by representatives of the elite groups. Therefore, liberalism invariably involves a belief in the need for legislative bodies which represent the influential groups. The Constitution then defines ...
In this essay, the author
- Argues that conservatives believe that slow changes would be more effective over a long period of time. they believe changing institutions and practices would affect the underlying structure.
- Explains liberalism as an ideology which advocates equality of opportunity for all within the framework of a system of laws.
- Opines that liberal ideology is best illustrated by the current federal administration because the liberals believe and trust in making changes for the welfare of the citizens.
- Opines that obama and biden's plan to lower health care costs and ensure affordable, accessible health coverage for all will be successful.
715 wordsRead More - Liberalism and Civil Rights in Britain and Americaexplanatory essayPolitical ideas change and adapt their perceptions of the social and political world through the years to cope with all changing aspects of life. Liberalism is no different. It is these changes that allow the idea to maintain its identity. Sometimes it is hard for some political ideas to adapt and change for instance the divine monarchists. Liberalism goes back at least 300years; this means that it has had to change a great deal, the ideas behind the ideology have remained the same though. Liberalism started attacking the monarchy in Britain but soon moved on to social change. This relates back to the heart of liberalism, the concept of the individual. This can be difficult because ‘man is born free, but everywhere in chains’ (- Jean-Jaques Rousseau). Liberalism was a political idea adopted by many countries during the 19th and 20th century and has been the source of many economic and social policies. Liberalism believes that each person should be free to act as they wish, it also believes that each individual deserves respect no matter of race, religion, sexual preference, or social status. Most liberals believe that the government is detrimental to liberalism’s beliefs because it does not allow everyone to be an individual since laws are in place to limit freedom. John Locke advocated this when he attacked the government saying ‘no government allows absolute liberty”. This is true because if no laws were in place then absolute liberty would soon be replaced by anarchy. Liberalism not only influenced equality but it was the basic idea behind the United States of America constitution. This was easy for the American governments to adopt because unlike other countries, it did not have to contend with aristocratic traditions and institutions.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that political ideas have helped shape society throughout the 19th and 20th centuries. equality was an important issue in many countries and feminism and race equality major issues were campaigned for.
- Explains that political ideas change and adapt their perceptions of the social and political world to cope with all changing aspects of life. liberalism started attacking the monarchy in britain but soon moved on to social change.
- Explains that america's new plan policy was the first step in which america moved away from liberal principles.
- Explains that the feminist movement can be traced back to the 18th century in the intellectual works of mary wollstonecraft.
- Explains that the kensington society was the first recognised movement for equality. the 1870 married women’s property act allowed women to keep their earnings, personal property, and money under £200 bequeathed to them.
- Explains that education was a large issue for the feminist movement, since it meant higher standing in society, better access to jobs, and entry into the world of politics.
- Explains that in america the ability to gain education was far superior. in 1850 11,000 women were in institutes of higher learning; britain lagged behind with only london universities granting women a degree in this time.
- Explains that in the 19th century, it wasn't expected for middle or upper-class women to earn a living, while working class women were expected to work in factories.
- Explains that birth control was not openly advocated in the 19th century because it was seen to be interfering with gods will.
- Explains that the naacp helped force the government to allow access for blacks into a well-known law school, and won the case of smith v allwright (1944).
- Explains that segregation and racial inequality occurred in almost all daily activities, including schools, libraries, and interracial marriages.
- Argues that the second world war helped the civil rights movement by giving blacks the chance to work in industries they had never been in before.
- Explains that desegregation was also campaigned for, with much media attention, for public transport. rosa parks refused to give up her seat and moved to the negro part of the bus.
- Explains that the desegregation of america was like votes for women, but it went someway to changing the inequality of society.
- Explains that feminism is a movement for social, political, and educational equality and change. britain and america were seen as the pacesetters.
- Explains that abortions were outlawed in both britain and america, but they were legalized after popular opinion changed. the fight for equality occurred in many countries.
- Explains how the ku klux klan helped the civil rights movement by proving to the black community that the government were now supporting them.
3380 wordsRead More - The Death Of Liberal Americaanalytical essayDemocratic procedures of decision making which guarantee to all interested parties their chance to say their piece (their chance to sway others by argument), and use the vote and majority rule to adjudicate differences, are a vital liberal expedient for keeping the peace. That’s because democracy, amazingly enough, has proven an astoundingly effective way to get people to accept - peacefully - the fact that they have ended up on the losing side of a political debate that was resolved by a vote. Liberalism, we might say, relies to some extent on the desire of all the participants to maintain the social peace. But even more fundamentally, it expects that the process of deliberation will move participants to an appreciation of the others involved, and the desire to come to an eventual decision that satisfies as m...
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes how liberalism aims to insure peace and prevent tyranny in pluralistic societies. liberalism promotes a vibrant, accessible, and uncensored civil society.
- Explains that democratic procedures of decision making guarantee to all interested parties their chance to say their piece, and use the vote and majority rule to adjudicate differences, are vital liberal expedients for keeping the peace.
- Explains that the republicans have launched a full-scale assault upon democracy at home, which is about grabbing and using power and reflects an impoverished view of democracy.
- Explains that the liberal check upon power is a tenuous bulwark that fights against the odds. the temptation to circumvent the law, to rewrite it, is also ever present.
- Opines that republicans have done everything they can to destroy the deliberative process and its tendency toward building large majorities.
- Argues that the republican party is pursuing a policy of demonizing its opponents as unfit to rule, as dangerous to america.
1654 wordsRead More - Nineteenth Century Europe: Autonomy and Responsibilityanalytical essayDuring the time when Europeans became focused on the self, rather than society as a whole, liberals began to surface. Liberals promoted a limited government and desired to protect the rights of the individual. Liberalism was an autonomous political system, meaning the people believed they had the right or power of self-government. Liberals favored equality before the law for all citizens, religious toleration, and freedom of the press.1 During this period it was more important that the rights and duties of the people were acknowledged by the government, rather than the government focusing solely on gaining money and power.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that in the nineteenth century, many changes were occurring throughout europe. many of these changes focused on the individual, which was an important aspect of european society.
- Explains that liberals promoted a limited government and desired to protect the rights of the individual. they favored equality before the law for all citizens, religious toleration, and free press.
- Explains that the nineteenth century improved europe's self-governing system. the second industrial revolution improved the standard of living, and the autonomous system of liberalism prospered.
- Explains that as european society improved, a shift could be seen in the lives of the people. this spawned the development of nationalism.
- Analyzes how otto von bismarck, the prussian prime minister, inspired the german people to be strong in the face of war.
- Explains that giuseppe mazzini, a liberal advocate, told italians to look to the future, because it would reflect on the actions of the people during the nineteenth century.
- Analyzes how the individuality and responsibility of germans and italians helped create the desire for more land and more power. germany and italy felt it was their right to overtake less powerful nations.
- Explains that imperialism was based mainly on the country's power and the responsibility of the people to that power.
- Explains that while imperialism was nation oriented, social darwinism was an autonomous movement. charles darwin's theory of evolution inspired many european nations.
- Opines that europe prospered because of the loyalty that the people showed for their nation. each country developed a strong sense of nationalism and was able to expand their rule to other nations that were less fortunate.
- Cites donald kagan's the western heritage brief edition, volume ii, since 1648, and otto von bismarck, speech to the reichstag, in perry m. rogers' aspects of western civilization.
- Describes the speech to the reichstag in rogers, aspects of western civilization, 165.5 address to parliament, 168.6 war and civilisation.
- Analyzes how smith explores the relationship between religion and the national identity of germany. they also analyze the social, cultural, and political dimensions of german life.
1393 wordsRead More - Liberalism: Hegel And Marx's View Of Freedomanalytical essayOne of the most fundamental concerns throughout mankind have been the subject of a fully free emancipated humankind. Throughout history, philosophers have been in constant discussion in figuring out a way to respect human rights, while at the same time, preserve a well-ordered society. One of the schools of thought that demonstrate this type of society is liberalism. Liberalism is defined as “a political or social philosophy advocating the freedom of the individual, parliamentary systems of government, nonviolent modification of political, social, or economic institutions to assure unrestricted development in all spheres of human endeavor, and governmental guarantees of individual rights and civil liberties” (Dictionary, 2017). Although most
In this essay, the author
- Explains that liberalism is a political or social philosophy advocating the freedom of the individual, parliamentary systems of government, nonviolent modification of political, social, or economic institutions to assure unrestricted development.
- Analyzes hegel's critique of liberalism as a partial view of freedom, stating that freedom is subjective, and the core of it lies in free will.
- Explains that hegel's "ethical life" is the concept of freedom developed into the existing world and the nature of self-consciousness.
- Explains that civil society is a sphere where individuals pursue their private interests. it is also the realm of necessity.
- Analyzes hegel's critique of the english common law, which allows some cases to be decided by the interpretation of laws by judges and prior precedence.
- Explains the importance of corporations in the civil society. they organize the masses, provide education, and provide support for their economic needs.
- Opines that the state is the last and most important aspect of the ethical life.
1477 wordsRead More - Illiberal Democracyanalytical essayFareed Zakaria’s The Rise of Illiberal Democracy expresses the views he has on the differences between liberal democracy and illiberal democracy, and which one causes civil war. He also explains how both types of democracy go hand in hand with other in the formation of the United State government and it constitution. Zakaria also talks about how majority of the countries in the world are democratic, but majority of which are an illiberal democracies. His ideals could also be reflected during the civil rights movement.
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes how fareed zakaria's the rise of illiberal democracy expresses his views on the differences between liberal democracy and illiberalism, and which one causes civil war. his ideals could also be reflected during the civil rights movement.
- Analyzes how zakaria explains how western countries' version of democracy has meant liberal democracy, a system with fair and free elections, constitutional limitation of power, separation of powers, and protection of basic rights.
- Explains that illiberal democracy is when a dictatorial or biased group takes power through democratic means and ignores their constitutional limitation.
- Explains that illiberalism, in the eyes of zakaria, is the worst form of government; it has no right or liberties for its citizen, leading to mass chaos and anarchy towards the government.
- States zakaria's belief that liberalism and democracy go hand in hand with each other in the formation of the united states government and its constitution.
- Analyzes how liberalism and democracy affected many aspects of the united states history and in many cases in unconstitutional way in events during the civil rights movement and women’ s suffrage movement.
- Describes how the montgomery bus boycott, led by reverend martin luther king jr, began on december 1, 1995. it was a way african americans expressed how frustrated they were with how racist the bus system was.
- Describes sit-ins as a civil right movement in the early 1960s. four college students, ezell blair, franklin mccain, joseph mcneil, and david richmond walked into establishments to be served, but by the end of the night they were never served.
900 wordsRead More - Liberal Democracy Essayexplanatory essayIn American history, the elements of the American liberal democratic tradition that were most relevant in the society were individual freedom, economic freedom, equality, and democracy. Liberal democracy refers to the people being the rulers with guarantees of individual freedom and equality and that it focuses on individual liberty as an essential to protecting that liberty. The two biggest challenges that liberal democracy faces are one balancing equality and liberty and the other is balancing the government’s needs for individual freedom and legitimacy. Liberal democracy plays a major role in our society to limit government power in interfering with liberty while as it ensures that the government protects liberties. The elements of
In this essay, the author
- Explains the elements of the american liberal democratic tradition that are most relevant to liberal democracy today and to them are liberty, equality, rationalism and human perfectability.
- Explains that the first element of american liberal democratic tradition is liberty and it can relate to individualism. popular consent is every important role for government and the government can gain the participation through a political party.
- Explains that john locke's vision of individualism and egalitarianism states that all men are created equal by god and have natural rights to life, liberty, and property.
- Explains that equality is relevant to american liberal democratic tradition, as it is defined as everyone is equal and no one has more rights or power than others.
- Explains that public opinion is a collection of individual's attitudes about specific issues. political knowledge refers to what we know about the government and politics as an individual.
- Explains that rationalism and human perfectability originated from two principles of the enlightenment. rationalism is the use of human reasoning to understand the nature and solve problems in the world.
- Explains that feminism is relevant to american liberal democratic tradition because women were excluded from the public and in their marriage.
- Explains that civil rights are claimed to be the government job to step up and do something, whereas a civil liberty refers to an individual freedom practiced without government interference. civil rights claims are based on procedural and substantive inequality.
- Concludes that the six elements that are relevant to the american liberal democratic tradition are liberty, equality, rationalism, and human perfectability.
1667 wordsRead More - American Liberalismanalytical essayIn the United States, liberalism is focused on the voting rights for all adult citizens, equal rights, protection of the environment, and the terms by the government in regard to education, health care, building the highways and canals, food for the hungry as well as providing shelter for the homeless. Liberalism is also focused on the freedoms in the Bill of Rights like the freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom of religion, the right of due process and equality under the law, as well as the separation of church and state. The idea of modern liberalism, however, started in the 1930s with President Franklin D. Roosevelt and his New Deal.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that modern liberalism was formed from the new deal, which was proposed by president roosevelt to produce the ideas of relief, recovery, and reform after the great depression.
- Explains brands' book, the strange death of american liberalism, that liberalism flourished in the united states during times of war.
- Analyzes how raskin's book asserted the importance of self-rule in the united states.
- Compares the two books, the strange death of american liberalism and the genius of american ideals. both agree that the country is being run by both liberals and conservatives, and that their views on how the government should work are strong.
- Analyzes how brands and raskin agree that education is important to modern liberalism. both books agree on modern democracy and its take on the united states.
- Analyzes how brands and raskin's books show the effect of liberalism and democracy on the united states from the start of the enlightenment to the modern era.
- Explains that liberalism is centered on the unalienable rights of an individual such as the freedoms found in the united states bill of rights.
- Explains that liberalism was expanded by president lyndon b. johnson during the 1960s with his great society.
- States that marcus g. raskin's book, liberalism: the genius of american ideals, argues that liberalism has not faded into history like many people think.
- Explains brands, h. w. strange death of american liberalism. 1st ed.
2227 wordsRead More - Minority Groups in Liberal Democraciesanalytical essayThe second key term, “liberal democracy”, is used specifically in this case, as it is the fram...
In this essay, the author
- Argues that the idea of nation-building has been permitted to deviate from benign neglect for the instrumental purpose of bringing about liberal democratic goals: solidarity, trust, and deliberative democracy.
- Analyzes how will kymlicka, professor of philosophy at queen's university, asserts that multiculturalism is the rejection of the notion that there could be a "normal" citizen.
- Explains that the second key term, "liberal democracy", is used in this case, as it is the framework within which group-specific rights will be justified.
- Explains that group-specific rights must be related to the goals of liberal democracy. if certain minority groups are marginalized and not provided the same number or quality of life opportunities, they can be remedied by assigning them group specific rights.
- Argues that benign neglect is an advanced form of state neutrality, meaning that the state should not promote the idea that one language or religion is superior to another based on intrinsic benefit.
- Explains kymlicka's definition of nation-building, which is an instrumental justification for a common language, helps reach liberal democratic goals of solidarity, equality of opportunity, and deliberative democracy.
- Analyzes kymlicka's observation that the process of nation-building does not promote any one culture, gender, race or faith over another, but favours one language over the majority’s common language.
- Opines that if a modern society has an "official language", it is obviously an immense advantage to people to have this language and culture.
- Analyzes how taylor notes that promoting a common language favours the majority, as they are the ones who are fluent in it, and thus hold an advantage over the cultural minority in terms of accessing and reaping the benefits of social institutions.
- Argues that liberal democracies are flawed in their efforts to deliver equality of opportunity, solidarity, trust, and deliberative democracy through nation-building. group-specific rights are justified in that they help to achieve a goal of liberal democracy.
- Analyzes how the stanford encyclopaedia of philosophy defines equality of opportunity as the idea that regardless of birthright, people end up in life depends on competition on equal terms.
- Argues that law 101, the charter of the french language, mandated french as the required language in schools, courts, workplaces, and communications in quebec.
- Explains that group-specific rights and equality of opportunity can produce benefits, thereby reinforcing their worthiness of protection. charles taylor claims that the absence of this recognition of differing identities could lead to damage to groups of people.
- Explains that equal opportunity could apply to other tangible ideas and hypotheses, such as more equal access to education and greater competition in the workplace.
- Explains that some cultures blatantly oppress females, which contradicts the liberal principles of equality and freedom. a valid response would be to increase the specificity of group-specific laws and research into such cultures before legislation.
- Challenges the argument that group-specific rights help to bring about liberal democracy by citing the value of freedom and equality.
- Analyzes kymlicka's counterargument that multiculturalism would lead to antagonism of society, as groups fight nation-building efforts.
- Concludes that group-specific cultural rights are justified in that they counteract marginalization caused by nation-building in liberal democracies.
- Cites barro, r.j., harvard university's working paper, "education and economic growth." stanford encyclopedia of philosophy.
- Explains mill, j.s., and kymlicka, will. contemporary political philosophy: an introduction. oxford university press, 2001.
2258 wordsRead More - The Political Spectrumexplanatory essay- Liberalism is a form of political structure where the powers of the government are limited against the people and their property
In this essay, the author
- Opines that a society is complex because of the many elements involved in it.
- Explains burke believed that governments should act of the need to be practical, not theoretical.
- Explains that socialists believe that political and social equality is achieved through a centrally planned economy.
- Explains that it is also individual because workers are no longer a collective mob of alienated non-owners employed by minority owners.
- Opines that every individual can participate to the fullest extent in the intellectual, cultural, and political society.
- Explains that the party has only been marginally successful at the federal level, but in provinces they have been the government.
- Explains that the role of government is to allow individuals to reach self-fulfillment and provide wellbeing.
- Explains that the separation of governmental powers into agencies, such as executive, legislative, and judiciary, can be achieved through a parliamentary system of government, or constitutional monarchy.
- Explains that this type believes in conserving the present political, social and economic order as much as possible. it takes the traditions of that time and only changes them gradually.
- Explains that conservatism is essentially the defense of economic individualism against the growth of a welfare state.
- Explains that socialist societies are more bureaucratic and have less production than a capitalist state.
- Opines that economic growth should be started through government investment in an economy made up of public and private enterprise.
- Explains that liberalism came out of the revolt against the oligarchic government in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.
- Explains that liberals work toward a world free of limits on the responsible individual, the greatest economic well-being for all, and increasing control over natural and social environment.
995 wordsRead More